Inerts - amagama jikelele, Iimpawu kunye Izicelo

igesi egalelwe zibizwa kwakhona ezindilekileyo, ukulidla iqelana engundoqo yeqela wesibhozo kwenkqubo ngamaxesha athile. Apho kukho ezintandathu kuphela: helium (yena), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), xenon (tang nhat), kunye radon (DB). Ukuze siqonde uhlobo, cinga kuqala ingqiqo inertia. Inertness - nkulumo obuthathaka okanye Ukungakwazi azithethelele neminye imichiza. Khuphani yokusabela imichiza ukwenza uqhagamshelwano ezintsha kwezi zinto cishe akunakwenzeka.

Ngako oko, i irhasi egalelwe - yinto enqabileyo wohlobo igesi monatomic ukuba inertia eliphezulu, apho kungenxa ngenkuthalo sizinzile zangaphandle inqanaba electron Iqokobhe atom. Umzekelo, helium kule iqokobhe othambekele electron ezimbini kunye nezinye iigesi amanene - anesibhozo. Oku kuchazela abafundi iimpawu zabo ngokwasemzimbeni imichiza. Zonke iigesi egalelwe phantsi eziqhelekileyo iigesi iimeko enemibala emihle, esha kwaye kakuhle enyibilikayo emanzini. amaqondo zabo abilayo kunye lokunybilika bukhulile, baba ngako ekwandeni ubungakanani atom.

De kwangowe-1962, izazinzulu babeqinisekile ukuba zonke iigesi amanene ezi egalelwe ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa usomachiza Canadian N. Bartlett ukuba akunjalo, ofumana umchiza compound yokuqala xenon, ebizwa ngokuba xenon geksaftoroplatinat. Le compound yinto eqinileyo-orenji kunye crystal ngekroba. Kamva iqela iikhompawundi liye landiswa kakhulu.

Ukwanda kunye nemfundo endalweni

Xa yonke le helium irhasi amanene ke ixhaphake kakhulu, yaye kwiimeko ezisentlabathini - argon (ngokomqulu singene 0,934%). Xa imali encinane kakhulu yeegesi egalelwe ezifumaneka ematyeni kunye neegesi zendalo izinto ezinokutsha, kwaye kwifomu zichithakala ingafumaneka kwi-oyile namanzi.

Xa iimeko zendalo, iigesi zobunene ukuze kuveliswa ngenxa ngayo ezahlukeneyo yenyukliya. Umzekelo, umthombo radon iziyobisi uranium eqhumayo. Ezinye zezi khemikhali linentsusa COSMOGENIC.

Zonke iigesi egalelwe ngaphandle Rawdon, eziliqela izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo.

Stocks kwezi gesi akufuneki lifinyele. Ethe ngcembe kuphela, ngokucotha kakhulu dissipated emajukujukwini oluphakathi.

isicelo

igesi egalelwe ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ikharakhtha eyahlulayo. Argon, ngenxa yokungasebenzi kunye conductivity thermal ephantsi, lisetyenziswa umxube ne-nitrogen zokugcwalisa izibane zombane. Argon kunye neon-ezaliswe ityhubhu ukuze zenze ukukhanya, kwaye zikhanya oluhlaza, neon --orenji-ebomvu.

Enye Argon lisetyenziswa iilebhu imichiza. Kushishino, eyifumanayo isicelo unyango ubushushu zesinyithi ngokulula oxidizable. Le argon inikeza bume olukhuselayo apho ukwenza i welding okanye ukulisika ezinqabileyo non-ayoni metal lokunyibilikisa Tungsten, titanium, zirconium. Ukulawula anoomatshini bokungenisa kusetyenziswa izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo radioactive of argon.

Interface kunye xenon babe conductivity aphantsi thermal kwe Argon, ezele njalo kunye nezibane ezingoomahambehlala eyongayo kunabo ezaliswe nitrogen okanye argon.

Amatye uphefumle umxube helium neoksijini, nto leyo ndoyolula kakhulu ixesha lokuhlala phantsi kwamanzi kakhulu kunciphisa imiphumo ebuhlungu ebangelwa utshintsho uxinzelelo ngexesha nendawo enyukayo kumphezulu.

helium ulwelo sisetyenziswe refrigerant kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo, ukususela lobushushu esisi lo zokupheka -268,9 ° C.

Full impahla inertia le helium esetyenziselwa ukuwelda emoyeni wayo, kuba kwimveliso ophezulu-ntumbuluko isinyithi, chromatography. Kwaye kube lula ukwenza permeability eliphezulu ukuvuza detectors kwi izixhobo koxinzelelo ephantsi ophezulu.