IGolan Heights, Sirayeli: iinkcukacha, inkcazelo kunye nembali

ukuphakama Dutch, okanye iGolan, akhiwe ukuya emntla-mpuma nasempuma of Lake Kinneret (kuLwandle lwaseGalili) kwaye ziyinxalenye District Northern kaSirayeli, kunoko, zalawula lizwe. Oko kuqulathwe sisaziso sothotyelo indawo ephakathi iSiriya noSirayeli, bambamba ngenxa Six Day kweMfazwe, leyo yaliwa kuMbindi Mpuma ngo-1967 ukususela th-5 ukuya we-10 kweyeSilimela. Le manyano, eziquka eYiputa, eSiriya, Jordan, Iraq kunye Algeria, bodwa abamelana nelo lizwi imfazwe kwaSirayeli.

indawo uphikise

Kuyinto elungileyo, ukuba bathi, ngokwembali, Israel iGolan Heights abazalwa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-3,000 kwaye kuthiwa sele wanikwa nguThixo. Baye babe yinxalenye yeli lizwe phantsi uKumkani uDavide baza baba yinxalenye oyiNgcwele (Lesithembiso) umhlaba. Syria ingumnini la mazwe ziqukiwe kwiphondo kwalo Quneitra, engama-21 kuphela ubudala. Yena phikisa imimandla bangena njengesipho esivela isiFrentshi, owathi, lemka kula mazwe ngenxa ekupheleni nomyalelo, yanikwa iGolan Heights ukuya eSiriya kuphela ekukruqulayo amaSirayeli.

Igama zembali

Yintoni na le ndawo? Zisuka nje, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuphakama yegama elinikwe kwisixeko yezibhalo ka iGolan. Le lali wamandulo eBhashan, endaweni yomlando, ekummandla ibhanki kwimpuma yeJordan. Ngoko ke, igama elichanekileyo kwezi eziphakamileyo "iGolan", hayi "Dutch." Holland, ogama intsimi ubukhulu becala ngaphantsi komphakamo wolwandle, akukho eziphakamileyo kodwa iindunduma zentlabathi awavumelekanga.

umda iGolan

IGolan Heights - intaba ithafa mlilo, emi amaSirayeli ezikwere zeekhilomitha 1150. ukuphakama kwayo 1200 neemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Umda wasentshona kwezi ndawo, nto leyo eBhayibhileni ngokuba ilizwe yaseBhashan, nguye kuLwandle lwaseGalili kunye eliphezulu River iYordan, ngasempumalanga - Trahona nasemaweni mlilo kunye neentaba Druze. Yarmouk River lowo umda esemazantsi iGolan, icala langasentla belizwe ukukhusela iintaba Hermonskie (kwaSirayeli yi% 7 kuphela yendawo iyonke). El-Sheikh, okanye iHermon - intaba iphezulu kwaSirayeli. Lufikelela 2236 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

Akukho nto ukuphika

ukuphakama Dutch zahlulwe Upper eseZantsi iGolan. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umhlaba olimekayo kwinxalenye weentaba neenkomo ezimbalwa kakhulu, ubukhulu becala apha. Kodwa emazantsi eninzi komhlaba ofanelekileyo ukuze iqwalaselwe. Bona ibekwe kumathafa ezininzi, Zinokuxutywa iinduli abangelwe. Ke ukuba Upper iGolan kuthiwa stud lizwe, umzantsi - isidlo lizwe, njengoko zombini uSirayeli neSiriya, la mazwe IZemgale ephambili. Apha zikhula ingqolowa nje kuphela, kodwa umqhaphu, iminquma, imifuno, iiamangile kunye neziqhamo sehlathi.

indawo ukulwa

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuphakama kwemfazwe Dutch awusoze ngeenxa. Kwanasemva kokuba kokufa kukaSolomoni, oko kukuthi, i-BC ngenkulungwane X, eli lizwe yaphela, nokuba uSirayeli (ngasentla) kunye uYuda (emzantsi). Ngomhla kummandla iminyaka iGolan 200 amadabi okuqhubekayo phakathi uSirayeli neSiriya, nezikumkani. umbuso wakwaSirayeli gqwa batshatyalaliswe. Ngoko ke, ngo-722 BC, ama-Asiriya phantsi umyalelo kakumkani uTigelate-Palassara watshabalalisa lizwe. AmaYuda bashiya ilizwe ethenjisiweyo (apho uxolo lukanaphakade ndandingazange ndibe), kodwa embindini BC nkulungwane yokuqala. e., oko kukuthi, ngexesha iTempile Okwesibini, iGolan phinda, kodwa ke baba yinxalenye ubukumkani bakwaYuda.

uphawu nesibindi

History of iGolan Heights - imbali imfazwe rhoqo. Xa AD yokuqala kwinkulungwane (oneminyaka engama-67) iGolan Heights bengamabanjwa aseRoma. AmaYuda ngoko wayendikhusela ngenkalipho kakhulu umzi wabo ngokwentelekiso kakuhle enqatyisiweyo. Ingakumbi nokumelana strong inikezelwa yi abahlaseli baseRoma Gamal, ngubani ke ngoko yayilikomkhulu iGolan. Inkalipho nombingelelo abavikeli ubethwe ngamaRoma, yaye isixeko yaba kangangeenkulungwane luphawu yesibindi amajoni yakwaSirayeli. Ngexesha kwimingxuma ukuba kwenziwa ngexesha lethu, kwezi ndawo abuyi kufunyanwa nayiphi na into okanye izakhiwo iintsalela, nto leyo ingabonisa ubukho ngaloo maxesha kula mazwe nabani na ngaphandle kwaSirayeli. Ingaba apha zesikhungu kuphela okanye zokuhlala yamaYuda amandulo.

Abanikazi bokwenyaniso zelizwe

Kwinkulungwane IV apha beza Byzantines, ngubani ngqwabalala batshutshiswa amaYuda, yaye ngenkulungwane VII, ezi boyisa zatshintsha Arabhu Muslim. Kwinkulungwane XI iqala imfazwe phakathi kwabo kunye Crusaders. Yaye akukho namnye abahlaseli musa balime ilizwe, ngaphandle amaYuda, ebe rhoqo bagxothwa ngabacinezeli, baza babuya kwakhona waza wajika intlango ibe gadi. Kwaye bebonke isiphelo sinye ezehlela nje kuphela iGolan Heights. Ingakumbi kwaSirayeli nasePalestina zonke iindawo waphila, yachuma kwenani labemi yamaYuda wajika yaba yintlango kunye ukufika boyisa. Omnye weyona mizekelo okuphawuleka ngumcu. ingabi nemalariya elihlala, kwentlabathi kunye impilo wajika gadi eneentyatyambo apha ukususela ukuyilwa abantu zamaYuda. 35% yazo zonke zakwaSirayeli iimveliso intyatyambo unika le ndawo. Ukanti apha ngobuninzi bazityalele imifuno kunye neziqhamo.

Akukho ezitshintshileyo kwinkulungwane XX

iminyaka 400 (1517-1918) wabamba i iGolan Turkey, ajike ilizwe yaba yintlango "kwiyadi ubukhosi." Ukususela ngowe-1918 ukuya 1946 oko yayilawulwa iBritani neFransi, apho, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, iyishiye "wanikela" I iGolan iye nje akuvelanga urhulumente omtsha obizwa Aram.

Ngowe-1948, uBhen-Gurion wavakalisa ukusungulwa kwelizwe lamaJuda. Yaye xa yaqala imfazwe. Ukususela ngo-1967, le mimandla ziye ngokubonakalayo Heights nelinabemi amaSirayeli, evuselela amatyotyombe lamandulo Katzrin. Xa iyonke kukho zokuhlala-34, kwaye inani labahlali ngaphaya yakhiwa-20 000 abantu. Ngowe-1973, uSirayeli kwawona kuhlasela kwaye zikhuselwe Syria i-iGolan Heights. Kodwa ke umbuzo wokuba ingaba ihlabathi lifikile ixesha elide, kusoloko eziphaphazelayo esibhakabhakeni. Israel landiswa ukuya kula mazwe kwisigqibo December 1981 Knesset. Kodwa ngokusemthethweni iGolan kuthathwa imimandla iphikiswayo.

herring ebomvu

Oktobha 3, 2015 LIH lasungula ezikhubekisayo kwi iGolan Heights. 3000 abantu abalwa usebenzisa zokudubula irula ebekwe ukuze bambambe owayesakuba indawo kujongwa UN, apho ibekwe phezu kwentaba Cuba. Ngaphantsi zokuhlaselwa namabutho zokuhlala jabat siqithi al Hashaba kunye Trandzha. LIH uthathe le kushenxa ukuphambukisa umkhosi wama-Aram kunye skype Russian evela eDamasko. Kodwa ke ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zonke ukoyisa igilovtsev bengingqi kwindawo umkhosi karhulumente waseSiriya babuya.

iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo iGolan

IGolan ke intsimi Kukude Israel futhi enye zibukekayo kakhulu. Le ingaka ibatsalayo oluphambili ibekwe km-16 ukusuka kuLwandle woomoya lwaseGalili zindandela okanye amavili bakaRafa. Xa iziko ayo udonga lokungqinga, kwaye lesikhumbuzo megalithic ubhekiselele neolith kade (IV-III leminyaka BC. E.) Mountains and neengxangxasi, iilali Druse kunye iiholide ski (kwintaba iHermon), dolmens kunye zesikhungu yamandulo (umzekelo, Gamal), iindawo zolondolozo lwendalo kunye iipaki zesizwe - konke oku iGolan Heights (uSirayeli). Kulwazi olunneenkcukacha malunga iimfazwe ezibhalwa kwezi nkalo, kuye kuchazwe ngasentla.