Igazi - igazi disorder

Igazi - isimo luphawulwa kwekhono igazi, ukuhla uyondelelwano lwee- yihemoglobin kunye neeseli ezibomvu nganye kwiyunithi umthamo wegazi. Ukusukela main umsebenzi erythrocytes kukuba ukuthutha mpilo emzimbeni, ngezifo yabo (imbonakalo iiseli ubuntwana, abomvu, ukuncipha lamanani iiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziphilayo, ubukho neseli abaneziphene) kukhokelela kuphuhliso hypoxia.

Uphuhliso kwegazi esinxulunyaniswa nalo ezahlukeneyo izinto (iintlobo lwesifo kunye zinetyhefu, ngumongo hypoplasia, hemolysis, legazi, kunye like). Igazi - isifo sikhatshwe njengechasene nokuphefumla umsebenzi igazi. Xa igazi okuqhubekayo kwenzeka intsilelo ioksijini kakhulu leyo enokukhokelela ekufeni. Kufuneka ke ukuba esi sifo iphawulwa nokuhla hayi kuphela yoxinaniso mpilo kunye neeseli ezibomvu negazi, ngaleyo ndlela ukutshintsha inkangeleko chemistry igazi.

Imbali ye-anaemia sifo lu dityanisiwe bamaXesha Aphakathi. Ngaloo mihla, izigulane zichongwe nezithunzela ngenxa boednosti. Izigulane bacelwa ukuba nisele igazi lesilwanyana, kwanika nemiphumo emihle yexeshana. AmaGrike amandulo waphawula ukuba amanzi umhlwa inceda kwi unyango kwegazi. Ngenkulungwane ye-16, Paracelsus ukuba unyango lwesifo usebenzisa oxide yentsimbi. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 ekuqaleni ukunyanga izigulana igazi yaqala ngempumelelo besebenzisa isibindi ekrwada, njengoko izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba xa imveliso yezilwanyana ziqulathe sixa sikhulu yesinyithi ifumaneke umzimba.

ngezigaba kwegazi

Ulwahlulo kusekelwe kumgaqo pathogenetic. Pathogenesis Ngenxa, igazi posthemorrhagic ihlelwa (kwenzeka ngenxa ukopha), hypoplastic (abhalwe kunye kwegazi), hemolytic (kwakheka ngenxa yokwanda hemolysis okanye krovorazrusheniya).

Umyalezo kunye Pathogenesis

igazi izondli - sisifo ukuvela xa intsilelo kwiimveliso ukutya okanye ngenxa nokwenziwa ngumzimba kwezinto eziqinisekisa eqhelekileyo yokusebenza hematopoiesis. izinto ezinjalo ziquka protein, intsimbi, ubhedu, ayibe, iivithamini B1, B12, Langa, ascorbic acid. Ekubeni abantu athatha isixa esikhulu kwemvelaphi yemveliso yezilwanyana, xa kusenziwa, igazi yesondlo kunqabile. Ngokuphawulekayo Kunokwenzeka ukuba umlinganiswa othile anemia zasesekondari, leyo iphuhlise ngenxa malabsorption kwezimbiwa okanye iivithamini. Kuxhomekeka kwindlela ezi khompawundi wendele emzimbeni, i-anaemia ihlelwa B12, folic acid kunye deficiency yentsimbi.

B12-imibala anemia, kwaye folic acid - a ngezifo ukuvela ngenxa yokungabikho ayibe ukutya, vitamin B12, Langa, C, gastritis, gastroenteritis, kunye namafutha gepatoze. Secondary kwakhona ukuphuhlisa anemia lokosuleleka ezingapheliyo (tuberculosis), ngesinyanzeliso, esihanahanisa- kunye beriberi.

Ngenxa yokunqongophala ayibe ukutya ayikho microflora ngokwaneleyo amathumbu synthesizes cyanocobalamin, ngoxa B12, Ilanga kunye C ayimfuneko umahluko eqhelekileyo erythrocytes. Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) zifunxwe ngumzimba izakhamzimba kuphela xa esinxibelelana inkalo lwangaphakathi antianemic - gastromukoproteinom, isisu sinteziruyuyuschimsya. Ngenxa intsebenziswano enjalo senziwa kidney into entsha antianemic - erythropoietin, engena kwemithambo yegazi kunye ascorbic acid ufuna vitamin Bc ngohlobo esebenzayo - tetrahydrofolic acid elinoxanduva erythropoiesis eqhelekileyo. Antianemic imiba imibala ukuze aphuhlise ngenxa izifo esiswini, apho gastromukoproteina amagama ezaphukileyo, Kulo mzekelo, cyanocobalamin ukusuka ukutya ayisetyenziselwa Yindibanisela erythropoietin. kuyondelelaniswe Ukunqongophala erythropoietin nazo ibe ngenxa yesifo sezintso.

Xa ukuswela vitamin B12 kunye Ilanga kukho nokophula inkqubo eqhelekileyo ekukhuleni iiseli ezinomongo wethambo.