Ifilosofi Company - yintoni na le nto?

A jonga i bulumko yoluntu ayikwazi kwahlulwa bulumko yabantu, nangona kulo- ngokwayo kulo mxholo. Kulo naliphi na inqanaba lophuhliso, uluntu - imbaxa, iziko ezininzi ukuba ezahlukeneyo, ephothiweyo ngalinye nezinye unxibelelwano, ezibandakanya ubuhlobo babantu. ubomi uluntu ayipheleli kuphela kubomi babantu abangabakhe kuyo. Society ngobuchule kwaye yenza zokomoya eziphathekayo izinto ezahlukeneyo, izinto ezo ezingafanelekileyo adalwe ngabanye. Umzekelo, ubuchwepheshe kunye nobugcisa, zonke iintlobo zamaziko, ezenzululwazi kunye neelwimi, nomthetho, ukuziphatha nakwezopolitiko, intanda ekugqibeleni ... It is a interweaving entsonkothileyo yaye ziphikisana seentshukumo zabantu, iziphumo kunye nobudlelwane lukwa yinxalenye yoluntu omzimba yonke.

definition nefilosofi

Into enikisa umdla kukuba uluntu nje bulumko - oko ingcamango abstract. Kuyinto nje kuphela. Enyanisweni, kukho iintlobo ezithile kakhulu labantu ngeengcambu ezahlukeneyo nembali kunye neefom: izizwe yamandulo, bondage, neNgonyama zaseAsiya, njl Xa kufikwa umbutho elithile labantu, kufuneka kungabi ebonisa iimpawu ezisesikweni eli qela ... Wonke umntu uyayazi into enjalo njenge "nentsapho -. Iyunithi iseli yoluntu" Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zentlalo, ubudala, imibutho uhlanga lwabantu. Ukongeza, ingcamango "uluntu"-bulumko - kule ekuzichongeleni kurhulumente. Kodwa ke xa kuthelekiswa ingqiqo ehlabathini lonke "uluntu ehlabathini."

Ifilosofi ukwazi ngemihla

Logama nje umntu ucinge into yokuba uluntu enjalo, kubonakala ukuba le mbono kuye eyaziwa kakuhle. Kuluntu ingcamango yemihla ngemihla - macala onke abantu ngaye ukunxibelelana nabo bakude kuthi, kodwa ke kwakhona amalungu eluntwini efanayo. Koluphi uhlobo yoluntu siphila kulo, oko kuxhomekeka kumgangatho ubomi bethu. uluntu Modern ifilosofi - yingcamango eye yavela malunga XVII-XVIII kwiinkulungwane Bulelani kuphuhliso inkcubeko yaseYurophu. Ke intsingiselo etymological oluntu ngeelwimi ezininzi - ligama kuluphawu akangomntu ekwanti, yaye ezinye ingqokelela abantu bemanyene.

iintlobo oluntu

uluntu Modern uye izigaba ezimbini ukubunjwa: mveliso kunye postindustrial. Kakade ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII, ingcamango oluntu, eziquka amasiko, imikhwa yabo bonke abantu. самодеятельностью, самоуправлением населения, участием в политической жизни простых людей . Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba uluntu onjalo akukho ngqo ngurhulumente, kunye ezahlukeneyo engahlawulwayo, abemi self-government, ukuthatha inxaxheba kubomi kwezopolitiko abantu abaqhelekileyo.

Kunika umdla ngoxa abantu abaqhelekileyo ukuba amalungu eluntwini ingqalelo. Ngoko ke, ngokwenkcazelo, ngelo xesha, uluntu nje bulumko - yinto begazi, endihleli sandla kanzulu igunya nobutyebi. Namhlanje, inxalenye esezantsi zoluntu kuthiwa Upper Light, ophambili.

amasiko

Okuninzi uPlato noAristotle sasikwanti ekuhlaleni njengenxalenye karhulumente, kuquka abemi kuphela free. Amakhoboka ayikwazanga ingqalelo ngamalungu ayo. Kodwa kumaxesha amandulo, uluntu sele kwabambalwa. Emva kokuba French Revolution watshintsha ubuso kwezopolitiko aseYurophu, yaye ingqiqo ka "ekuhlaleni" lisetyenziswa ngokwengqiqo ebanzi. Ngoku iye yaba yesazisi eqhelekileyo ukubonisa abantu nomnqweno inxaxheba kwezopolitiko kunye nobomi abantu abaqhelekileyo, inkoliso yabantu.

Yintoni indima bulumko eluntwini kunye nenkqubo ulwazi

Njengoko isayensi, ifilosofi bekusoloko ingqalelo ulwazi lwenzululwazi zehlabathi, kodwa kwangaxesha nye ibinzana iphezulu iimfuno iiklasi kunye namacandelo oluntu ethile. Le inzululwazi, njengoko inkqubo iphela izimvo malunga ihlabathi, iquka ekucingwa kunye nezopolitiko ngoluntu eklasini. Ngenxa eyandileyo kwimimandla ukruthakruthwano phakathi bulumko ngamnye. Ekubeni indima bulumko eluntwini kuchaphazela ideology kwayo, kuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokufunda kwinkqubo yolwazi kwinzululwazi yezopolitiko.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo lolwazi zeentanda-bulumko kubuhle. Ukudala imbono bulumko yehlabathi, kwabayili zayo kufuneka siphiwe ingqiqo ubuhle kunye nemvisiswano. isayensi yentanda ohlobene ubugcisa, njengoko kuboniswa umsebenzi Camus, Roerich, Čiurlionis, isiXhobo soQhagamshelwano-, Goethe kunye nezinye ababhali.

Inkqubo ukwandisa umba 'uluntu'

Ngokufanelekileyo elide futhi impikiswano indlela ukuyilwa abantu sele idlule phambi kokuba beka kuluntu namhlanje. Philosophy bekusoloko ingqalelo ekufundeni imithetho ubukho kunye nokuchongwa ezisebenza ummiselo yonxulumano eluntwini. Inkqubo wokusungula ingqiqo ka "uluntu" kuye kwaba elide, impikiswano ezintsonkothileyo. Kusekho amanye amazwe apho abasetyhini awunalo ilungelo lokuvota. Kukho kwakhona imeko apho umda kuluntu lonke siyakhuthazeka labantu.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, loo nto ithathwa kwinkulungwane XVIII phandle, ukutshintsha kwicala lezoqoqosho Europe. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-revolution mveliso, xa endaweni kumasifundisane waba mveliso omkhulu kunye nabasebenzi usiqeshileyo. Ezidolophini kwemizi-mveliso, yozigqabhuza kuluntu namhlanje. Philosophy yesayensi, kakhulu, akukhange wema ngxi waza ukukhula ngokukhawuleza.

Inkululeko abemi kunye nemfundo yabo ngokukhawuleza waqalisa ukukhula. Uqoqosho kuye kwenza abaninzi ukufumana iinyawo zabo. Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni ukusasazeka ingqiqo ka "igama" yaye abemi abaqhelekileyo, ngubani de kutshanje ayizange kuqwalaselwa ukuba yinxalenye yoluntu. законом . Ndaqalisa ukuphuhlisa uhlobo entsha kuluntu - idemokhrasi, esekelwe phezu nokulingana wonke umntu phambi komthetho. I-flagship kukwanda kweefektri eYurophu wenza njengoko eNgilani wabanika ehluma ngenxa kuphuhliso lwezamazhishini, ibhizinisi, kunye nomthetho omtsha.

Iimeko zokuphila, uhlobo kunye noluntu

Philosophy njenge inzululwazi mpatheko ukufunda yomntu kunye nendawo yakhe, apho indalo kunye nenkxalabo. Ngoko ke, omnye iingongoma eziphambili zohlalutyo yoluntu isimo yayo indalo kunye neyantlukwano yayo kweentlobo. ifilosofi ezibonakalayo wabalaselisa imiba ye interrelations phakathi komntu nemvelo ;

• link zofuzo;
• kwemvelo;
• anthropogenesis kunye nesisekelo kwezentlalo;
• uqhagamshelo nangobunto.

Le mbono "indalo" - isiseko kobukho bomntu, umthombo izinto eziyimfuneko, iimveliso kunye izinto. Epistemological, uqhagamshelo ngokomoya, ezo indalo kunye noluntu, ifilosofi uchaza njenge imeko yomsebenzi cognitive abantu kunye nemeko azinze ngokweemvakalelo nangokwasengqondweni.

"Nature"-bulumko - lihambisana elithi "uxolo", "nto", "indalo", "ukuba". Kwakhona kuthetha bubuntu iziganeko ezininzi (uhlobo umbane, izifo, etc ...); ngokumalunga uluntu ochasene bume yendalo (yonke into alithethi lamandla oluntu).

Ngokubanzi sinokuthi ingcamango "indalo" idlala indima ebalulekileyo. uluntu Human ichaza intanda njengenxalenye yabemi.

badideke

Isenzo ngumsebenzisi ngokunxulumene nezibonelelo zendalo iye yakhokelela ukuba ukuphazamiseka ukuvumelana kokusingqongileyo. Ukuqalisa ukususela ngenkulungwane XX, kwaye kwacaca ukuba kukho uloyiko lokuba ubukho uluntu ngokubanzi nje iintlobo, emaxongo kakhulu kwezendalo. Siyalibulela ungcoliseko lwamanzi, umoya, umhlaba, ukunqongophala kwezibonelelo, yokuduka kweentlobo ezithile zezityalo nezilwanyana, ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi, kwamaqondo obushushu, zinemingxuma ozone, njalo njalo. N. Ngenxa yoko, impilo yabantu le planethi engaboni kakuhle. Buqapheleke yaba ukuthotywa lezakhi.

Ngenxa inzululwazi, ukuphila ebomini babantu kunye noluntu lifikile nokudlala ebaluleke nangakumbi. Ukufunda oko, omnye uqala ukucinga ongunaphakade, intsingiselo yobomi kunye nendima umntu ehlabathini. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukutshintsha iingqondo zabantu, nto leyo kakhulu yenyama 'babesabambelele "ngokwenyama. Ezingqondweni zabantu mihla baba kakhulu yabathengi. Kucacile ukuba, yonke indalo, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana ziya wadala njengebhenefithi eluntwini, kodwa ukuba anithanga kubaphatha care, kunye nemvo nombulelo, ngoko kungekudala siza kuba akuyi kuphela kwimo lobunzima, kodwa Kukuze yokutshabalala.

ukwazi mass

Namhlanje, ephathelele kokusijikelezileyo yayiyeyona iphambili zokubumba ezingqondweni yonke states oluntu. Ngoko ke, lo bulumko mihla yoluntu, ngamafutshane, ijolise ekuphuhliseni self-ulwazi kunye noxanduva lwabantu phambi ehlabathini lonke, zonke izidalwa kulo mhlaba, nkqu iphela, kuqatshelwe indima engundoqo ekuphuhlisweni kanye kwemvelo ukuthotywa kwawo kanye. Ukuba kutshanje ngakumbi imeko ingozi uluntu lokusingqongileyo wabona uhlobo kuphela kanye, ubuhle bayo, ngoko namhlanje siyayiqonda - kuba umonakalo ngqo kwimpilo yethu, intlalo-ntle kunye yokuziphilisa.

ifilosofi Modern eluntwini kakhulu swi ulwalamano kunye nendalo. yonke iplanethi - liqumrhu enye, ngoko abantu kufuneka sibumbane ekucombululeni umbhodamo lokusingqongileyo. Emva ayisekho imvelo engaqhelekanga. Kuyinto enye, yaye umhlaba lusemgubasini wentlekele. Society embundwini womnyango wendlu kwisigaba esitsha zokubambisana ezingqondweni zethu iquka ingqiqo olwahlula kwinqanaba engqiqo.

noosphere

Le mbono uveza kwinqanaba eliphezulu yokuxubana iintlobo okhoyo mba, ngenxa zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, leyo isakha umdla abantu ngokungqinelana neemfuno ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila, iyenza onoxanduva kwemvelo yayo. uphuhliso Modern wefilosofi wenkampani ubona njengoko ubudlelwane phakathi komntu ngemvelo ayikho ngokwembono bamandla akhe phezu kwakhe, kwakunye intertwining lophuhliso enxuseneyo kunye intsebenziswano. Ingqiqo Noosphere ubungcwele ingcamango imfuneko kumbutho eyiyo yoluntu kunye nentsebenziswano yawo kunye nendalo, kunokuba sengqondo ezizenzekelayo karhataka.

Kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba uluntu ikhona kuphela bume lokuphumla. kuluntu Modern, njengoko inkqubo bulumko leyo ayiyi ukuphuhlisa malunga nomba noosphere, uya sanga singabamiselwe yokutshabalala. It ngeke sibe nesimo sengqondo nankathalo malunga ihlabathi. Man, njengomntu ozimeleyo, yinxalenye yehlabathi omkhulu, yaye kufuneka Babengabalelani nemithetho, ezijolise lelokwakha, lingabi lelokuchitha. Kungenjalo, akuthandeki ukuba unako ukubeka ibango lokuba umntu onengqondo kakhulu.