Icon Virgin. Icon "Ukuthantamisa" ye ungowokubongwa Virgin. icon ngokungummangaliso

Umfanekiso we Virgin - kakhulu iziqu phakathi kwamaKristu. Kodwa ingakumbi uthando kuyo eRashiya. Kwinkulungwane XII oko kwamiselwa iholide ibandla elitsha - Ukukhuselwa Virgin. Icon ne umfanekiso wakhe kuye, loo ndawo yonqulo iphambili iitempile ezininzi. Ungowokubongwa Virgin eyayibonwa umxhasi noMkhuseli Russia. icon Novgorod ye nguMama kaThixo "Ukuthantamisa" ngumbhalo umfanekiso baseByzantium, ebhaliweyo ekupheleni kwale kwenkulungwane.

Kwinkulungwane XIV eMoscow ekugqibeleni yaba liziko Orthodox eRashiya, kwaye Cathedral kwe Ingqikelelo ngelo xesha igama "Indlu iNtombi."

Imvelaphi iconography

Umfanekiso wokuqala Lady Lwethu-mbali ga ekuqaleni xesha lethu. Kule mangcwaba Priskily imixholo kunye nemifanekiso Virgin baye bafumanisa ukuba mhla emva kwinkulungwane II ukuya. Imifanekiso ungowokubongwa Virgin ekuqaleni of Christianity, esisetyenziswe izikhongozeli ukuze sesiqhumiso. ampoules ezinjalo, ezihonjiswe ngeziganeko zeBhayibhile awabasondezayo ukuba malunga 600, Ukumkanikazi Lombards Theodelinda.

Eyokuqala uvelisa iNtombi

Ngonyaka 431 Council of Efese ezivunyiweyo ngenxa Maria nanini ukubizwa ngokuba nguMama kaThixo. Emva kwesi siganeko sibalulekileyo wabonakala icon ye Virgin kwifomu njengesiqhelo kuthi. Wasinda imifanekiso eziliqela kwexesha. Baya Virgin Mary rhoqo uvela uhleli etroneni ephethe usana.

Lo mfanekiso nguMama kaThixo zifumaneka ebhanyabhanya ekuqaleni ukuba ayivathise kwiitempile endala. To ezo ziquka:

• ibandla laseRoma Santa Madzhore (yomhla we emva kwinkulungwane V);

• ibandla kwekhulu VII Panagia Angeloktisti ibekwe eSipro.

Kodwa ngabapeyinti evela waseConstantinople ukunika lo mfanekiso enobunye okhethekileyo. Church of St. Sophia idume amibala yayo IX-XII kwiinkulungwane apho kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iconography le Virgin. Byzantium - indawo awazalelwa kuyo imifanekiso enkulu ungowokubongwa Virgin. Enye yezi icon waziswa eRashiya. Kamva, wathi igama Vladimir kwaye iye yaba benchmark ye iconography Orthodox Russian. icon Novgorod ye nguMama kaThixo "Ukuthantamisa" kukuthi, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, ikopi kumfanekiso lamaByzantine.

Types of Marian imifanekiso

Ukuqhela iconography 4 eziphambili iqela picture intombi engcwengekileyo ingcinga ephambili;

• "Ukwazi" (uguqulelo thumbanails ngokuba "Orans"). Olu hlobo iconographic ithathwa i elizele kakhulu kunye nomxholo zenkolo. Eyinhloko apha - lo wenyama.

• "Hodegetria", nto leyo liguqulelwe lesiGrike elithetha "Putevoditelnitsa".

• "Ukuthantamisa" - eli gama lesiGrike "Vrilissia" ( "abanenceba").

• Uhlobo lwesine ke ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuba Akafistnym. Uluvo ezisisiseko icon - kukuzukiswa nguMama kaThixo. Le mifanekiso zahlukahlukene kakhulu.

Uhlobo iconographic of "Ukwazi '

Kweli qela recensions Virgin oyiNgcwele imelwe ithandaza. Imelwe ngokupheleleyo-ubude okanye esinqeni-nzulu. Ngomhla incum nguMama kukaKrestu medallion kunye umfanekiselo olungekazalwa uMsindisi. Icon ye iVirgin ethandaza Limele ukuzalwa ntombi kukaKristu, umanyano umama Umntwana oyiNgcwele. Olu hlobo luquka Oranta Yaroslavl, Kursk Root, Novgorod "I lithamsanqa". Oranta - inguqulelo elula ye icon apho Virgin limelwe ngaphandle usana kwaye luphawu webandla.

Iconography "Hodegetria"

A uhlobo oluxhaphakileyo imifanekiso Marian. icon enjalo Virgin kunye Child Ziqulethe ingcamango yokuba uMama bukaThixo bukusa ukuba ukholo, ukuba uKristu. I-Virgin uchazwa frontally oplechno okanye amaxesha, ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa ngokupheleleyo. Kwelinye icala uqeshwe usana, kunye namanye amanqaku kuYesu. Esi senzo unentsingiselo enzulu. Intombi ubonisa ngathi ndlela leyinene - kuThixo, ukuba ukholo.

Kristu ngesandla esinye usikelela unina, kunye nayo yonke abathembekileyo. In the enye - ephethe incwadi, zandiswa okanye inciphisiwe msongo. Ubuncinane - orb kunye nentonga. Le icon idumileyo of the Virgin yolu didi: ESmolensk, Iver, Tikhvin, uPetros, Kazan.

Le iconography of the Virgin "Ukuthantamisa"

Le mifanekiso - yeyona ombambazelayo yabo, nto leyo ichaza nguMama kaThixo kunye nosana, ukuwolana intamo yakhe. Images kamama nomntwana - uphawu kaKristu kunye iBandla likaKristu.

Umahluko yale hlobo - "Vzygranie". Apha umntwana ibhalwe ngendlela free, ngesandla esinye athe wachukumisa ubuso Virgin.

Kule imifanekiso kaMariya luphawu nje kuphela ngumama kodwa umphefumlo ukusondela kuThixo. touch Mutual ubuso ezimbini - kunguKristu, iBandla likaKristu, ubunye emhlabeni kunye basezulwini.

Kukho omnye ezahlukeneyo olu hlobo - "Milkgiver". Le icon ye Virgin iintsana amabele-feed. Ngoko ngokomfanekiso ebonisa ukondliwa ngokomoya abathembekileyo.

Volokolamskaya, Vladimir, Yaroslavl imifanekiso Onyulu ningabaleli hlobo imifanekiso yomfanekiso engcwele.

"Akafistnye" icon ye Virgin

Imifanekiso yalo hlobo idla athwale iimpawu ezingundoqo, kodwa iinkcukacha ezongezelelweyo kunye neenkcukacha. Ezi iconography ziquka icon ezifana "Ukutshisa ngetyholo," Lady Lwethu - "Ubomi-ukupha Spring", Our Lady - "iNtaba Nerukosechnaya".

Ostrabramskaya-Wilensky, "mpahla ka Ububi Iintliziyo" - i icon engaqhelekanga iNtombi, apho yena imelwa ngaphandle usana. Ngokuqhelekileyo ke nezaziwa ngokuba "Akafistnym". Omnye wabo, uSeraphim Diveevo icon "Ukuthantamisa" ye ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary, yaba yindlela othandwayo Serafima Sarovskogo, lamiselwa emva kokufa njengengcwele. Umbingeleli kwangayo wayibiza ngokuba "Uvuyo zonke uvuyo 'kwaye osetyenziselwa ukuphiliswa beza kuye uncedo. Kwaye ngoko ehamba kwelinye izwe phambi kwale ubuso.

Izimiso iconography ka Our Lady, ixabiso isimilo

Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe Orthodox, usebenzisa izinto ezinje ukuba umfanekiso Virgin of iingubo: ingubo emsi, ikepusi eluhlaza kunye neebhodi cherry phezu kwentloko, nelaziwa ngokuba 'mafory ". into nganye intsingiselo yayo. iinkwenkwezi ezintathu zegolide ingubo - uphawu emithathu Nasono Kwakhe Ekukhawulweni, ukuzalwa nokufa, kumqukumbelo kuyo - luphawu nokuzukiswa. ibhodi ngokwayo imele ngumama, ngakaThixo, umbala oluhlaza iimpahla - ebuntombini.

amatyala eyaziwayo iphula izithethe. Oku kusetyenziswa ngabapeyinti ukubonisa iimpawu ezithile. Umzekelo, ukuba ukugxininisa ukuthembeka, nyulu ye nguMama kaThixo, ezotywe naye ilokhwe oluhlaza. Virgin Akhtyrskaya - lobeko ezinjalo.

Ukubhala ngaphandle yokwaleka ye ungowokubongwa Ntombi kananjalo ingqalelo kukwaphula izinqumo zecawa.

Imithetho Orthodox, nkqu isithsaba, uphawu yobukumkani, ukuba ziveza phezulu ebhodini. Ngoko Novodvorskaja ebhalwe ii icon, Holmovskaya. Kwafika isithsaba phezu kwentloko Onyulu iconography zamaKristu eMpuma of Western Yurophu, imifanekiso yokuqala intloko Virgin Mary ifihle mafory kuphela.

namasiko Russian kwi iconography ye nguMama kaThixo

Umfanekiso we Virgin etroneni, kuxhaphake kakhulu phakathi imifanekiso Italo-Greek. Ukubhala ukumkanikazi wezulu, ehleli etroneni okanye epheleleyo-ubude, eRashiya ukuba busetyenziswa kakhulu sisincoko ezinkulu-scale: kwi esekelwe okanye iconostasis.

Iconographers kangakanani umthanda ngaphezu okanye umfanekiso esinqeni oplechnoe kwiKumkanikazi bamazulu. Ngaloo zadalelwa ukuba kungcangcazelisa ecacileyo uvale intliziyo. Oku kakhulu kungachazwa indima ekhethekileyo imifanekiso eRashiya: kuba, kunye neqabane ebomini, yaye yonqulo indlu yenkonzo indlela kunye nosapho amaxabiso isuka kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Yiloo nto abantu Virgin eyayibonwa waso, nto leyo ukuthambisa umsindo labangcangcazelisi uMgwebi. Nomfanekiso omdala "namolennye", amandla ngakumbi ngayo.

Inani elikhulu icon kumakhaya amakholwa kunye amabandla - isici esasenza yelizwe Russian. imifanekiso ezininzi sidumisa ithathwa ngokungummangaliso, njengoko oku kungqinwe izingqiniso ezininzi.

Our Lady - lingqina kunye nxaxheba wembali Russian

Kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ihambe imbali Russian kwe icon i Virgin, xabiso lazo elo ke akayi babebiza imali. Omnye umzekelo amancinci - i icon of St. Theodore:

• Ngowe-1239, le ndlela Prince Yaroslav wasikelela unyana wakhe Alexander ukuba atshate Princess Paraskevnoy. Le icon ihamba Alexander onke amaphulo wakhe wamajoni. Kamva, ngaphambi nje kokuba esi ebusweni Our Lady of Saint Alexander waba indela.

• Ngowe-1613, phambi kokuba le ndlela uMikhail Romanov ukuba ubukumkani Zemsky Sobor, wathabatha etroneni. Theodore uMama kaThixo wazibonela izibhambathiso of ukuthembeka of Russia, abantu bayo kunye Church Orthodox.

• Ngenkulungwane XVIII, onke amalungu entsapho yasebukhosini kufuneka eze umlilo phezu isaphetha ukuba bahlasele ngokungummangaliso, leyo lwaqala kwimbali Romanov ubukhosi.

kukhankanywa kufuneka ukuba Vladimir Icon ye nguMama kaThixo, mayinikwe uMphathi Russian baseConstantinople Luke Hrizovergom ngenkulungwane XII. Ngokutsho legend, umthandazo phambi kokuba lo mfanekiso ngaphezu kwakanye usindiswe eMoscow kubahlaseli.

Ummangaliso-ukusebenza ngamandla nguMama kaThixo icon

Uninzi imifanekiso ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary ingqalelo ngokungummangaliso. Bona basenokuvana nobomi ngamaKristu. Aphila nabantu nokunceda ezingxakini.

Ezinye Moscow imimangaliso isebenza icon ye Virgin:

1. Vladimir egcinwe ibandla St Nicholas. Kukholelwa ukuba kathathu wathethelela eRashiya ezintshabeni. Ngenxa yokuba i-Orthodox siyibhiyozele le icon amaxesha 3 ngonyaka: ngoJuni, ngoJulayi nangoSeptemba.

2. Tikhvin icon "Ukuthantamisa" ye ungowokubongwa Virgin Mariya buyifanele indlu igama elifanayo eMoscow. Ngowe-1941, lo moya nale ndlela izihlandlo ezithathu ozibiyele elikomkhulu, emva koko kuhlaselwa zwilakhe kwi umzi yayeka. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba eli bandla zange kuvalwa ngamaxesha Soviet.

3. Icon ye Virgin "Unenceba ', noseko loonongendi akhawule ukuba uvuyo ngumama wamnika abafazi abaninzi.

"Ababhubhayo" Iver uMama kaThixo "uthobe Usizi My" - yinxalenye kuphela kumfanekiso ngokungummangaliso Moscow ukumkanikazi wezulu. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ubale ukuba bangaphi kubo phezu indawo enkulu Russia.

Wonderworking Kazan Icon ye nguMama kaThixo

Lo mfanekiso kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Kazan Icon ye nguMama kaThixo wabonisa ukuba lo mqondiso ungaqhelekanga wenziwe inkangeleko yayo 1579 emva komlilo omkhulu phakathi komzi, xa kwafunyanwa phakathi uthuthu ngokupheleleyo kakubi ngumlilo.

Amaninzi ephilisa abagulayo, uncedo kwimicimbi thaca lweVulgate elithembekileyo. Kodwa imimangaliso kakhulu le icon linxulunyaniswa wokhuselo lamaKristu Russian ye ezweni evela abahlaseli.

Sele phakathi kwenkulungwane XVII Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich wayalela ukumisela imbeko kuyo iholide lonke. Kwathi emva kokuzalwa ngempumelelo indlalifa ukuya itrone Russian ngexesha inkonzo vespers imbeko Kazan uMama kaThixo. kwabonakala Le icon njengoko umxhasi we ohlanga.

-Ngqwayi Kutuzov, ukuya umhlobo wakhe kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngo-1812, waguqa phambi yonqulo wacela nangezibongozo yakhe. Emva kokuba uloyiso phezu uNapoleon, yena prepodnos isipho Kazan Cathedral yonke lwasuswa isilivere French.

Elimanzi-ngokusiwa yonqulo imifanekiso nguMama kaThixo

Le yenye imimangaliso emikhulu ezinxulumene ne icon. It nangoku wafumana ingcaciso kutheni ungqamanisa icon semore. Kodwa kusoloko kusenzeka phezu olwandulela iziganeko ezibuhlungu njengesikhumbuzo nesono kwabantu kunye imfuneko yokuguquka. Yintoni na le nto? Imifanekiso kuvela esiqholiweyo kusikhumbuza ulwelo yemore. Ukuzinza kunye nombala wayo inokuba nomahluko - ukusuka okubonakalayo nombethe intlaka emnyama viscous. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ungqamanisa nje kuphela imifanekiso yemore ebhaliweyo emthini. Oku kwenzeka ne imizobo, iifoto, imifanekiso zesinyithi kunye iikopi.

Ke ngoku kukho imimangaliso ezifanayo. elinesibini abaliqela Tiraspol icons baqalisa msinga imore kwisithuba ukusukela ku-2004 ukuya ku 2008. Yaba isilumkiso weNkosi zeziganeko onegazi EBeslan, Georgia, i-Orange Revolution e Ukraine.

Enye yezi imifanekiso, "Arrows Zisixhenxe" icon ye nguMama kaThixo (elinye igama - "mpahla Embi Iintliziyo"), waqalisa ukusika imore ngoMeyi 1998. Lo mmangaliso kuyaqhubeka unanamhla.

Ngokukhuselwa yendlu - Mother oyiNgcwele kaThixo

Icon ye nguMama kaThixo ubotshiwe ukuba endlwini ikholwa okhathalele ngokhuseleko kumakhaya abo.

Kukholelwa ukuba lo mthandazo phambi kobuso bakhe ukuze akhusele bonke abantu abahlala kuloo ndlu ngengqiqo ngokwenyama nangokomoya. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo eli siko ukuze babeke phezu komnyango lokungena endlwini icon ye Virgin uze ucele ukhuselo wayo kunye nenkxaso. I sidumisa ozithandayo kakhulu abaxhaphaza: Iver, Arrows Zisixhenxe, "udonga inviolable", "Ukutshisa Bush" kunye nabanye. Xa iyonke kukho ngaphezu kwe 860 amagama uMama kaThixo. Khumbula bonke bephela akunakwenzeka yaye akuyomfuneko. Ukukhetha umthandazo, kubalulekile ukuphulaphula intliziyo yakho uze ulandele iingcebiso yayo.

Hayi nje amakholwa zesiqhelo, kodwa icon kakumkani kakhulu iziqu le Virgin. Ifoto ethathwe lokulala ukumkani Alexander, iyakungqina oku.

Icon ye Virgin kunye Child abanika nentuthuzelo sisingqala, inkululeko kwizifo, ukuqonda ngokomoya kuphela abo imithandazo ukholo olukuwe olungenakuhanahanisa kunye aliguquguquki. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ndibhenele iNtombi kwafika oluphuma entliziyweni ehlambulukileyo kunye neenjongo zazilungile.

Kukuzukiswa nguMama kaThixo

Universal uthando Orthodox kule umfanekiso ongcwele kubonakala kwinani elikhulu amisiweyo yecawa imbeko yakhe. Phantse zonke kwinyanga yonyaka kukho imini enjalo, kwaye maxa wambi eziliqela. Malunga 260 imifanekiso Marian ezingummangaliso abakhankanywe khalenda Orthodox Russian.

Okubalulekileyo Orthodox holiday - kuMoses nguMama kaThixo - baba umxholo we icon igama elifanayo. Kwezi recensions Virgin uMariya buboniswa ukukhula ngokupheleleyo. Ezandleni zakhe phambi kwakhe usilandela igutyungelwe umfanekiso kaKristu okanye hayi. -Found ekupheleni XX kwenkulungwane ye ePort Arthur Icon ye "elimisiweyo Mariya" waba uphawu lokuvuselelwa ngokomoya of Russia khumbuzo ngokubaluleka yomfanekiso kwimbali yelizwe. Kuye kusiba zibalwa phakathi icon ezininzi eyayinqulwa Russian.