I-SCO ne-BRICS: i-decoding. Uludwe lwee-SCO namazwe e-BRICS

Imeko engaqinisekanga kwihlabathi ifuna ukuba kufuneke ukuba amazwe afumane amaqabane amasha kunye nenkxaso. Kwimeko apho ukungazinzi kwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko kuye kwaba yinto yokucinga, ukudala imibambano kuye kwaba yimeko ebalulekileyo yokusinda. Imibutho ye-SCO kunye ne- BRICS, ukuchazwa kwayo kuya kunikwa ngezantsi, isebenze kunye nenjongo efanayo - ukudala ibhalansi yamandla kwihlabathi.

Ixesha lokudibanisa

Inkulungwane ye-21 ithathwa njengexesha lokuhlanganisana kunye nokuhlanganiswa. Yingakho imibutho ye-SCO kunye ne-BRICS ingene emzabalazweni wokulinganisela kwamandla kwihlabathi. I-Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, okanye i-SCO, ayinanto enxulumene ne-NATO okanye ne-ASEAN, intlanganiso yokhuseleko rhoqo. I-Coalition iyona ndawo ephakathi. Iqela elithile lase-Eurasian lenziwe, elizimisele ukukhusela iinjongo zalo ngaphambi kweNtshona. I-America igcina isandla sayo kwi-pulse kwaye isebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo kwimibutho emibini ngexesha elifanayo:

• Umbutho wezorhwebo weTransatlantiki.
• Intsebenziswano ye-trans-Pacific kunye neAsia neMelika.

IRashiya neChina zishiywe ngaphandle. Kwaye ukuba sinokuqwalasela izigwebo ezinxamnye neRashiya malunga ne-West, ngoko ke ukubaluleka kwe-SCO kufumana intsingiselo ehlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Indima ye-BRICS kwizoqoqosho zehlabathi ayikho isizathu esilungileyo.

Indima ye-SCO kunye ne-BRICS

Isakhiwo se-SCO siquka iRashiya neChina, iKazakhstan kunye neKyrgyzstan, iTajikistan ne-Uzbekistan. Kwixesha elizayo elisondeleyo, i-tandem iceba ukuzaliswa yiNdiya nasePakistan. Ngokweburhulumente waseRashiya, ngulo mbutho oya kuvumela ukuxazulula iingxaki zekhaya zangaphakathi. Ubume beChina buyazi ngokucacileyo imeko kweli lizwe, kuba lona ngokwabo lijongene neziphazamiso ngenxa yezohlwayo ezivela eMelika naseYurophu. Imiqobo ebekwe ngo-1989 yayiphakanyiswa nje.

Iinjongo ze-BRICS, ezibandakanya iRashiya neChina, eBrazil naseIndiya, eMzantsi Afrika, iya phambili. Isicatshulwa senziwa kwisiNgesi se-BRICS - iileta zokuqala ze-grouping states (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa). Ubuchule bezoqoqosho kwezo mazwe buphezulu kakhulu, kuba benesiqingatha somveliso wehlabathi. Kulawulo lweemarike zehlabathi, ngokuhambelana nemibutho yezemibutho, ayihambeli. Umcimbi wemibutho uthinta kuphela isihloko sokuzimela okupheleleyo kwi-Europe naseMerika.

Ababikezeli bathi kwikamva elisondeleyo i-SCO kunye ne- BRICS, ukuchithwa kwento echazwe ngasentla, kuya kubangela ukuba i-world elity economy ibe yindalo ngenxa yobutyebi bemithombo yendalo, isiseko esisisiseko sokuvelisa kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezolimo. Kwakhona kufanelekile ukufaka ubungqina obunengqondo.

Sakhiwo se SCO

I-Shanghai Cooperation Organisation ilawulwa yiBhunga leeNtloko zikaRhulumente, elibandakanyayo. Naziphi na izigqibo zithathwa kwisikhokelo sentraki esenziwa minyaka yonke kwintsimi yelizwe lamazwe ombutho. Lo nyaka, umhlangano we-SCO kunye ne-BRICS iya kubanjwa ngoJuni ngo-Ufa. Le ngqungquthela iya kuxubusha imiba yokusebenzisana kwamanye amazwe. IBhunga liceba ukuvuma uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nokuseka ubudlelwane kunye neminye imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe. Ibhunga elilawulayo lombutho ngu-nobhala. Enye yeziko ezisisigxina yiRATS kwiTashkent, umsebenzi ogqithisileyo we-antiterrorist.

Ingqungquthela kwimbali ye-BRICS

I-BRICS iquka amazwe amahlanu athathwe njengezoshishino ezintsha. Azibonakalwanga nje kuphela ngamandla kodwa zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwezoqoqosho, iimpembelelo ezichaphazelayo kwiimarike zommandla nakwihlabathi. Elinye lamalungu ombutho lilungu leG-20. Sekudlulileyo ngo-2013, i-GDP yamanye amazwe ifikelele kwi-dollar eyi-16,039 yezigidigidi. Ingqungquthela yokuqala ye-BRICS, amazwe ayo akwazi ukuthonya uqoqosho, yabangela ukuba idola liwele, njengoko iinkokheli zombuso ziphakamisa umba wokudala imali ezinzileyo kunye ezinokuqikelelwa. Umbutho ukhuthaza uqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko, intsebenziswano yamasiko phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu koko, namhlanje amazwe eelungu leyamanyano athathe amanyathelo asebenzayo ukuseka iziko labo lezemali, eliza kubhala ukuncintisana ngokufanelekileyo eNtshona.

Intsebenziswano yoqoqosho

Imibutho ye-SCO kunye ne-BRICS, i-decoding ebonisa ukuba zibandakanya amazwe anokubakho okukhulu, isayine isivumelwano sesakhelo. Injongo yalo kukuphucula umkhiqizo wobambiswano kwezoqoqosho. Emuva ngo-2004, isivumelwano sisayinwe malunga nokubunjwa kwendawo yokurhweba yamahhala, enokulinganisela ngokukhawuleza ukuhamba kwempahla kwimimandla.

Ngama-2005, amazwe eelungu lamaqela avunyelwene kwiiprojekthi ezidibeneyo kwicandelo leoli kunye negesi, ukuhanjiswa okunengqiqo kwemithombo yamanzi kunye ne-carbon car stocks. Ukuze kuhlaziywe imisebenzi edibeneyo, iBhunga le-Interbank laqulunqwa.

Umhlangano ngamnye we-SCO kunye ne-BRICS ivelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kwaye ixela utshintsho lwehlabathi. Ngaloo nyaka, ngo-2009, abameli baseChina bafumana isiluleko sokubonelela ngee-10 ezigidigidi zamaRandi kumazwe asebenzisanayo ekuphuhliseni okusebenzayo, okwabavumela ukuxhasa uqoqosho lwabo kwiimeko zehlabathi.

Ubudlelwane kunye neNtshona

Ngokombono weendaba kunye neengcali ezininzi zehlabathi, yi-SCO kunye ne-BRICS kwindawo yokuqala ekufuneka ifaneleke ukukhuphisana kungekuphela kweMelika, kodwa ne-NATO. Oku kuya kuthintela inani leengxabano ezinokuvula indlela yokuba i-US ibe ngoqoqosho lwamazwe athi umda we-China kunye ne-Russia. Abameli bemibutho bajonga iliso kwiimeko zehlabathi. Nangona kungabikho ukugxeka okupheleleyo kuMerika ngokubanzi kunye neWashington ngokukodwa, iifomiti zihlala zixoxa ngeengxaki zale nqanaba. Ngokomzekelo, ngowama-2005, umba wokufumana umkhosi wase-US kwintsimi yase-Uzbekistan naseKyrgyzstan yayikhuliswa ngamandla. I-SCO yacela iU.S. ukuba imise ixesha lokugqibela lokuxothwa kwemikhosi evela kummandla weelungu lamazwe ombutho. Ngaphezu koko, ukuvulwa kwe-airbase K-2 kwavuselelwa.

I-BRICS States

Amazwe-amalungu e-BRICS ahlala kwiindawo ezihamba phambili kunye nokuphuhlisa iimakethi zehlabathi. Umdla oyintloko ubangelwa yiNdiya, iBrazil kunye neChina. Kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo ukubaluleka kwabo kuya kwanda kuphela. Amazwe afana ne-Indonesia kunye noMzantsi Afrika ngaba ngabaviwa abangenako ukujoyina umbutho. Iinjongo eziphambili ezibekwa ngamazwe alungu lembambano azinako ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, kodwa ukubunjwa kwesiseko sezinto ezifanele ukukhuthaza impumelelo yesikhathi eside kwiimarike zelizwe. Iivolontiya ze-SCO ne-BRICS zithatha inxaxheba ephandleyo kuphando kunye nokuhlalutya ukwenzela ukuba intsebenziswano ivelise ngakumbi.

IBhanki yophuhliso - ukuguqulwa koqoqosho lwehlabathi

Kwiminyaka emininzi ngoku, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-SCO kunye ne-BRICS, ukucaciswa kokubonisa ukuba bavikela imfuno yabo phambi kweNtshona, bajolise ekudaleni isikhungo esisodwa sezemali. Ngokumalunga nemeko kwihlabathi ngo-2014-2015, le ndawo yentsebenziswano iyasebenza. Le projekthi, eyaqala ngo-2009, ngokusekelwe kwimibandela ekhoyo, ekugqibeleni ifika kwisigqibo sayo esengqiqweni. IBhanki yophuhliso sele ivunyiwe. Ngaphezu koko, imiba eninzi isonjululwe: ulawulo lukhethwe, igalelo kwiziko lemali elivela kuwo onke amazwe athatha inxaxheba liye lamiselwa, indawo yombutho kunye nekomkhulu layo lokuqala liye lamiselwa. Okwangoku, isakhiwo sizaliswe ngokunyanisekileyo kunye nabameli belizwe ngalinye lilungu lombutho. Amazwe e-SCO kunye ne-BRICS, uluhlu lwawo olunqongophele kakhulu, lusetyenziswe ngolu hlobo kule ngxaki. Kwi-ajenda kwakuyimisebenzi yesibini, ngokukodwa ngokumalunga nelungelo lokuthatha inxaxheba kumaziko eemali angabandakanyekanga kwimihlangano yemibutho. Okuphambili kunikwe ubuncinci iinkqubo zobungcali kwiinkqubo ezikhawulezileyo zokuqwalaselwa kunye nokwamkelwa kweeprojekthi zophuhliso. Ukuba isicwangciso siphumelele, iimarike zehlabathi ziya kutshintshwa ngokubanzi.