I-keratitis entle: iimpawu kunye nonyango

Izifo ze-ophthalmic zihlala zithwala nzima kwaye zibangele uxhala. Emva kwayo yonke into, amehlo - le ngenye yeengongoma ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kwaye ukunqotshwa kwabo kungakhokelela ekulahlekelweni kombono. Phakathi kwazo zonke izifo ze-ophthalmic, i-keratitis iyaqhelekileyo-ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea. Zingabangelwa zizizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye ngaphandle kokonyango olufanelekileyo kukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu. I-keratitis ye-viral katalate, eyabangela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Esi sifo sikhula ngokubanzi kubantwana nakwiintsholongwane, ngoko kubalulekile ukuqala unyango ngexesha lokugcina umbono womntwana.

Iintlobo ze keratitis

I-cornea yeliso yile membrane ebonakalayo. Ukususela kwimeko yakhe kuxhomekeke kumsebenzi obonakalayo. Ngako oko, ukwehla ekuhleni kwayo ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvutha kudla ngokukhokelela ekwenzeni ukuphazamiseka kwimbono ebonakalayo. Le meko icatshulwa yi-keratitis-isifo esichaphazela i-cornea. Ubuninzi ngokuqhelekileyo banesifo esithintekayo: babangelwa yiibhaktheriya, ii-virus, i-chlamydia, i-fungi okanye i-parasites.

Kukho ne-keratitis ephazamisayo, apho ukuvuvukala kubangelwa ukuphulwa komgangatho we-cornea. Oku kungakhokelela kumonakalo owenzela umonakalo, ukuchithwa kweekhemikhali, ukushisa okuphezulu. Yaye uhlobo lokugqibela lwekeratitis luyaxhamla. Iyenzeka nge-hay fever yonyaka, i-rhinitis, okanye njengengxaki ye-drug conjunctivitis.

Ekubeni iindawo eziqhelekileyo ziyizilonda zamachiza ezithintekayo, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ummahluko phakathi kwe-viral keratitis kunye ne-bacterium. Ungakwazi ukwahlula ngokubonakala kwazo. Ifom ibhakteria ibangelwa rhoqo nge-cocci okanye i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Kubonakala ikakhulu emva kwexinzelelo okanye nge-blepharoconjunctivitis engapheliyo. Isici salo simboko siyilo lesilonda esizaliswe ngumbhobho.

I-Keratitis inokukhula njengengxaki kwizigulane ezine-TB, i-syphilis, ngelixa zifake ii-lens ezinxulumene nazo zingabangela i-microorganism efana ne-acanthamoeba. Iifom ezingafakiyo ezithathelwanayo ze-keratitis ziqhelekileyo, ezibangelwa zizifo ezixubileyo, umzekelo, isifo okanye isifo sikashukela, okanye ukuphuhliswa njengengxaki yezifo ezizimele, ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis.

Keratitis

Ifoto yamehlo achaphazelekayo kwesi sifo kubonisa ukuba le nkalo inzima kakhulu, kwaye ingozi yokuxinzelela iphezulu. Le fom yekeratitis ibangelwa yintsholongwane yentsholongwane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuvela ngesifo esisasazekayo. I-keratitis enentsholongwane kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo ibetha kakhulu, kunye nabantu abane-immunity unit.

Intsholongwane ifika kwi-cornea yeliso ngokukhupha umoya okanye ngeendlela zokunxibelelana. Kubantwana abancinci, i-keratitis ephambili ye-viral keratitis isoloko ifunyaniswa. Iqhubeka ifom elula. Kodwa intsholongwane inokuthi ibe emzimbeni ngendlela evulekileyo kwaye phantsi kweemeko ezithile kusebenze. Kule meko, lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-keratitis yesibili. Le fomu inenkambo engapheliyo kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuyiphatha.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ze-keratitis yentsholongwane: indawo, imetaherpetic, dendritic, vesicular, disco and others.

• Ifomu enjengomthi yile keratitis. Ibonakala ngokubonakala kwemibhobho emincinci, leyo, emva kokuvula, ishiye iipatheni kwi-cornea ngendlela yamagatsha omthi.
• I-keratitis ye-Metaperpetic yinkxalabo enzima yezobunzulu be-cornea. Ubunzulu buyangena ekuphuhliseni, ngokuthe rhoqo kuthintela inxalenye yegazi.
• I-keratitis engekho nto ibangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu. Emva koko ujikelezo olujikelezayo luyaqhubeka. Ngamanye amaxesha kunye nale fomu yesifo, i-opneal corneal kunye ne-visual acuity decrease.

I-viral keratitis evamile

Into eqhelekileyo yile keratitis eyenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo, ebangelwa ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane. I-Herpes i-virus ye-neurotropic. Ininzi kaninzi, ingena emzimbeni womntu njengomntwana ngenxa yokhuseleko olukhuselekile. Ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-herpes ayinakwenzeka, ngokukhawuleza iyancipha ngaphantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezinokubangela. Kwaye enye yeendlela zokubonakalisa kwayo i-viral keratitis.

Kukho ezininzi iintsholongwane ze-herpes, kodwa ezinye zazo zibangela izifo ezinjalo, ubunzima bezinto ezihlala zikhula keratitis. Ukongeza kwi-herpes simplex, yinkomo yenkukhu kunye neenkukhu.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezi sifo: i-keratitis eyona nto ivela xa i-virus ye-herpes isifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho abantwana abaselula. Ifom ye sibini i-post-primitive keratitis, xa i-virus "yokulala" isebenze phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezichukumisayo. Ukongezelela, i-keratitis ye-herpetic ingabonakali, xa kuphela inxalenye yangaphandle ye-cornea ichaphazelekayo, okanye ingqongqo, xa intsholongwane ifinyelela kuzo zonke iigoboliso zeso.

Ukongeza kwi-herpes virus, i-keratitis ingabangelwa yi-adenovirus. Kananjalo lukhula nezifo ezinjalo eziqhelekileyo zobuntwaneni njenge-influenza, i-ARVI, i-mumps, imasese kunye nerubella. Ifom ephezulu kakhulu i-adenoviral epidemiological keratitis, esasazeka ngoqhagamshelwano. Isici se-keratitis esibangelwa yi-adenoviruses kukuba ixhaphaze iimbini zombini, ihamba ngefomu eqaqambileyo, kodwa inyamalala ngaphandle kokulandelelana emva kokuphulukana, ngaphandle kokubangela ukuhla kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Izizathu zokubonakala

I-keratitis enobuchopho kweso likhula ngokuthe rhoqo kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zezifo zentsholongwane, kunye nokungabikho kwonyango lwe-conjunctivitis. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-cornea kungavela njengengxaki ye-influenza, i-SARS, i-chicken pox, i-mumps, imasel, i-rubella okanye i-shingles. Kodwa ukuze intsholongwane ingabi nje kuphela ukuba ifike kwi-cornea, kodwa iphinde ihlale apho, ibangela ukuvuvukala, izinto ezinokubangela ukuba zifuneke. Kungaba:

• Supercooling;
• Ukukhutshwa komzimba;
• Iimeko ezihlala zixinzelelekileyo;
• Ukulimala kombane kwi-cornea;
• Beriberi;
• Ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo zeempawu;
• Isifo somzimba esomileyo;
• Ukugqoka ii-lens zokuxhumana.

I-keratitis entle: iimpawu

Ukubonakaliswa kwezonyango zezilonda ezinjalo ze-cornea ziqhelekileyo kwaye zibonwa zizigulane ezinzima. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-keratitis yentsholongwane ichaphazela iso. Zonke iintlobo zesifo zineempawu ezifanayo:

• Izihluthulelo iimbumba zeliso;
• Iingqungquthela zizele;
• Iso lijongene nokukhanya kunye nokuthinta;
• Intlungu ibonakala, isigulane sinomuzwa wokuthi kukho umzimba wangaphandle kwiso;
• Kukho ukulahlwa kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi;
• I-cornea iyancipha;
• Kulo mhlaba kubonakala iibhola ezivulekileyo, ezithi, emva kokuvulwa, zishiye emva kwazo zibuhlungu;
• Ubuninzi bokubonakala buyehla.

Ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo

Xa iimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo we-corneal zibonakala, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela ngokukhawuleza. I-ophthalmologist iyakwazi ukuxilonga ngesiseko sempawu zangaphandle, kodwa isasebenzisa iindlela ezongezelelweyo zoviwo. Okokuqala, ubugcisa obubonakalayo kunye nemida yendawo ebonakalayo iphandwa. Qinisekisa ukuqhuba i-keratometry kunye ne-biomicroscopy, misela uvelwano lwe-cornea. Uvavanyo oluthile lwe-fluorescein lokugxilwa kwezinto zokufaka umtshini olubonisa imida yendawo echaphazelekayo. Ukongezelela, kuthathwa iimvavanyo zegazi, ezihlolwe iindiza ezinqamlekileyo kwiintsholongwane, kunye ne-PCR smears ukusuka kwikhernea.

Unyango lwe-keratitis yentsholongwane

Ukuba kukho imiqondiso yomonakalo okhulayo, kufuneka uhambe kwiziko lonyango. Ugqirha kuphela uya kukwazi ukucacisa iimpawu ze-keratitis yentsholongwane kwaye anikeze unyango olufanelekileyo. Ezi zifo ziphathwe esibhedlele. Ulwaphulo lufanele lube lubanzi. Imisebenzi yayo eyintloko kukuba: ukutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane, ukuqiniswa kwesigulane kunye nokubuyisela izicubu ezinamafutha.

Njengonyango lwe-antiviral, "Acyclovir" ilawulwa ngomlomo, amaconsi "I-Interferon", ioli yololin okanye i-gel "iZirgan". Izilwanyana ze-gamma globulin zingasetyenziswa. Ukususa iimpawu zendawo: ukuvuvukala, intlungu kunye nokuvuvukala, "Analgin", "Indomethacin", "Atropine" imiselwe. Kufuneka ukuba usebenzise ama-vitamin amalungiselelo kunye nezikhuthazo ze-biogenic.

Inkqubo ye-Physiotherapeutic nayo isebenza ngempumelelo: i-electrophoresis, i-diathermy, i-streadynamic currents. Ngezilonda, i-cryoapplication okanye i-laser coagulation isetyenziswa.

Ukuba unyango olulondolozayo lungenakusebenza kwaye ukubandakanyeka okubanzi kunokucetyiswa, unyango olucetywayo lunconywa. Ukutyunjwa kwezicubu ezichaphazelekayo kwenziwa, nge-keratoplasty, nakwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu-ukufakelwa kwe-corneal transplantation.

Thintelo

Ukuba unyango lwe-viral keratitis yelihlo aluqalwanga ngexesha, okanye isigulane alithobeli iziphakamiso zegqirha, iingxaki ezinzima zinokwenzeka. Ukongezelela ekunciphiseni ubuncwane obubonakalayo, kunokuba yimfama, i-glaucoma, i-cataract, i-abscess. Ngoko ke, yonke into mayiyenze ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo. Ukukhusela i-keratitis, kufuneka ugweme ukulimala kweso, ukukhusela kwaye ungabathinti ngezandla ezingcolileyo. Ukongezelela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphatha zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo ngexesha kunye nokuqinisa umzimba.