Hypopituitarism: iimpawu, iindlela isifo kwaye afumane unyango

Hypopituitarism, iimpawu apho kungekho loxilongo kakuhle kunokuba mazingabhidaniswa iimpawu ezinye ezimbi kakhulu, kukho ukuphazamiseka engaqhelekanga ingqondo yebhinqa. Kulo sifo, lo posa kubangela iihomoni enganelanga, okanye musa ukuvelisa elinye okanye ngaphezulu iihomoni eziyimfuneko eqhelekileyo yokusebenza komzimba womntu.

Posa - a, nobubovu encinane bean-ezimilise imi emazantsi ingqondo, emva impumlo naphakathi ngeendlebe. Nangona ubukhulu encinane, le ndlala ezisebenza umsebenzi ebalulekileyo: kuyo olawula ukusebenza imfihlelo amalungu phantse kuzo zonke zangaphakathi kunye namalungu omzimba. imisebenzi Regulatory wenza hormone - ukungabikho kubo abonisa hypopituitarism. Iimpawu e abantwana badla wabonakalaliswa ngokohlobo ukukhula kwamathuba kunye nophuhliso ngokwasemzimbeni, xa abadala - nokunyhashwa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokusebenza zokuzala.

Ngamana lixesha kwi kuqulunqo isifo enjalo usela iziyobisi, kodwa imiqondiso sifo igcinwe phantsi kolawulo.

iimpawu

pathology kuhlalutywa kwiimeko ezininzi luphucukile ngokwendalo. Oku akusoloko ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuxilonga "hypopituitarism": iimpawu ebantwaneni kunye abadala zombini kwenzeka ngequbuliso okanye ukuphuhlisa ngokuthe ngcembe kweminyaka emininzi. iimpawu kukuwohloka kaninzi wenza isimilo kangako ukuba nomonde kangangexesha elide nje akazange anikele ingqalelo ngokwaneleyo.

Iimpawu izifo iyohluka, ngokuxhomekeke hormone, leyo luswele umzimba ngenxa yebhinqa kwekhono. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ezibukhali kukungabikho into ethile. Isigulane bangaziva:

• imvakalelo chronic fatigue;
• yehle yobuntu;
• anda ubuntununtunu kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, kubanda;
• ukulahleka imnyama.

Ukongeza kwezi iminqweno ukuba iimpawu zokugula zezi:

• ukuncipha komzimba;
• sivakale sidumbile yobuso;
• igazi;
• nenzalo;
• abafazi - komzimba, exesheni mgaqweni, okanye ukungabikho kwayo, zikawonke ilahleko iinwele, ukungakwazi ukuvelisa ubisi lwebele lokondla iintsana ezisanda kuzalwa;
• eyindoda - ukulahlekelwa kweenwele ekhula ebusweni okanye umzimba;
• abantwana - yokukhula.

Xa ukubona ugqirha

Ukuba ukrokrela kwi hypopituitarism, ezi mpawu zidweliswe ngasentla, zicwangcisele kokubonisana kugqirha.

Dibana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba naziphi na iimpawu zesi sifo wabonakala ngesiquphe okanye zikhatshwa yintloko ebuhlungu, ukungaboni, nokudideka ngexesha kunye nendawo, okanye ukwehla okukhulu uxinzelelo lwegazi. Oku akuthethi hypopituitarism - iimpawu ezilolu hlobo kunokubonisa ukuba ingqondo yebhinqa kutyhilwa idabi ukopha (apoplexy), efuna ungenelelo yezonyango engxamisekileyo.

izizathu

Le disorder ezinokubangelwa kwasekuzalweni, kodwa adla kuthengwa. Kwiimeko ezininzi, hypopituitarism okubangwa ithumba yebhinqa. Njengokuba ithumba kokuba enkulu, oko licudisa kunye izihlunu umonakalo zomzimba, ukuba nefuthe elibi kwimveliso hormone. Ukongeza, nethumba nga compress imizwa optic, ngaloo ndlela ebangela iintlobo ngeentlobo ukuphazamiseka kunye nemibono.

Ezinye izifo, ngokunjalo iimeko ezithile nayo zingonakalisa ingqondo yebhinqa kunye umnyele hypopituitarism (iimpawu, iifoto esilishumayelayo kweli nqaku). Iimpawu izifo ngelisiko ezintweni kwabangela uphuhliso ngezifo. Ezi zinto zibandakanya:

• ukuphatheka intloko;
• Ubuchopho okanye yebhinqa ithumba;
• imisebenzi zotyando kwi ingqondo;
• iindlela zonyango radiotherapy;
• ukudumba komzimba (hypophysis);
• ngesibetho;
• izifo zengqondo ezosulelayo (umz meningitis);
• tuberculosis;
• Izifo infiltrative (sarcoidosis - ukudumba kwizigqeba zangaphakathi eziliqela, Langerhans cell histiocytosis - kuphazamiseka apho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezibangela umkrwelo kwizigqeba ezahlukeneyo kunye namalungu omzimba, ikakhulu emiphungeni, namathambo; hemochromatosis - ulwandiso ngokugqithisileyo yentsimbi esibindini kunye nezinye emzimbeni);
• enkulu ukopha phakathi kweenkonzo, nto leyo zingonakalisa yebhinqa sobuKristu (Simmonds isifo-Glinski okanye Kukudandatheka yebhinqa necrosis);
• ezenzeka kwiDNA ezakhokelela ukunyhashwa ngokuveliswa hormone ingqondo yebhinqa;
• isifo hypothalamic - Isiqwengana ubuchopho, apho ibekwe ngasentla nje ingqondo yebhinqa - nako kunokubangela hypopituitarism.

Iimpawu (ifoto ibonisa inkqubo sifo) kuvela kuba le ngxenye uvelisa emzimbeni wayo ukuba elawula ukusebenza "angabamelwane" nobubovu imbotyi-ezimile.

Kwezinye iimeko, nesisekelo esi sifo kuhlala ayaziwa.

Phambi utyelelo kugqirha

Inyathelo lokuqala kukwazi ukuba babhalisele ibhunga lezempilo gqirha. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kuya kwakhona ukuba oyingcali ukuphazamiseka kwamadlala - le endocrinologist.

• Fumanisa kwangaphambili ufuna ukuba ukuthobela nayiphi na imfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka diagnostic tests.
• Yenza uluhlu oluneenkcukacha zonke zesifo izifo ukuba uzigcine ekhaya. Ukuba ukrokrela hypopituitarism, iimpawu zesi sifo, xa uqala ezinganxulumananga yebhinqa kwekhono, kufuneka ziqukwe kolu luhlu.
• ngokubhala ukulungisa i data ezingundoqo yobuqu, kuquka utshintsho omkhulu ebomini okanye ebonakalayo utshintsho ukukwazi kwakho ukujongana ntshikilelo.
• Shicilela ulwazi olusisiseko zonyango, kuquka utyando kutshanje, izihloko kuthatha rhoqo iziyobisi kunye nezifo ezingapheliyo. Ugqirha uya kufuna ukwazi ukuba wasiwa ukwenzakala entloko yakutshanje.
• Vuyisa ilungu lentsapho okanye umhlobo oya nje kuba sikulungele ukunika inkxaso yokuziphatha, kodwa kukunceda ukhumbule zonke izindululo ingcali.
• Yenza uluhlu lwemibuzo ufuna ukubuza kugqirha wakho.

imibuzo endocrinologist

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba benze uluhlu umdla kakhulu kwimibuzo yakho kwangaphambili ukuba ngexesha wokubonisana ukuba singalahlekani iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo. Ukuba unexhala hypopituitarism (iimpawu kunye unyango lwezifo ukuba unomdla), kubandakanya kuludwe lwakho le mibuzo ilandelayo:

• Yintoni ebangela iimpawu sifo yaye imeko yam ngoku?
• Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba iimpawu zesifo kudalwe esinye?
• Yintoni ekufuneka abangalupasanga uviwo?
• Ingaba imeko yam okwethutyana okanye engapheliyo?
• Yintoni unyango ntoni ucebise?
• Ingaba udinga ixesha elingakanani ukuba uthathe amayeza ekucetyiswa?
• Uya esweni njani ukusebenza unyango?
• I unesifo esinganyangekiyo. Indlela ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa ngaxeshanye zonke ukuphazamiseka?
• Ingaba kufuneka athobele nayiphi na imiqathango?
• Ngaba kukho analogue emiselweyo kwakho iziyobisi?
• Ndingathanda ukufumana inkcazelo engakumbi malunga yintoni hypopituitarism. Iimpawu kunye isifo icace; Ziziphi izinto malunga amayeza ezahlukahlukeneyo you luleka?

Musa mathidala ukubuza eminye imibuzo, ukuba ngexesha thethwano ofuna ukwazi into specialist ethile.

Oko ugqirha uthi

Endocrinologist, nto, uya kunibuza imibuzo yayo. Phakathi kwabo, mhlawumbi, iya kuba yile ilandelayo:

• Kutheni ucinga ukuba unayo hypopituitarism?
• Iimpawu kunye ezibangela izifo okufumanayo ngokwakho, uyavumelana nale nkcazelo kwesi sifo kule ncwadi zonyango?
• Ingaba naziphi na iimpawu zokugula zatshintsha apho ngokuhamba kwexesha?
• Ingaba uqaphela ongaboniyo?
• Ingaba uhlaselwa yintloko ebuhlungu kakhulu?
• Ngaba utshintshe inkangeleko yakho? Mhlawumbi ulahlekelwe ubunzima nokuba ufumene ukuncipha umthamo iinwele umzimba?
• Ingaba uphelelwe ngumdla ekwabelaneni ngesondo? Ingaba cycle okuba sexesheni zatshintsha?
• Nokuba uza kwindawo yokucocwa mzuzu? Okanye, mhlawumbi, wegqitha unyango kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo? Ziziphi izifo ziye unesifo?
• Ngaba uye wazala umntwana?
• Ngaba wafumana mva yokwenzakala intloko? Yenza unyango neurosurgical ziye phantsi?
• Ukuhlola ukuba izihlobo zakho yebhinqa ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuphazamiseka hormone?
• Ucinga ntoni, kuyanceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu?
• Yintoni, Ngokoluvo lwakho, kuba negalelo zisiba zimpawu?

ekuxilongweni

Enoba ugqirha wasola hypopituitarism? Iimpawu kunye ebangela ezingani mpilweni lokutyhala eyodwa wakubeka, esi sifo okokuqala, ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ufuna ukuphumelela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukujonga amanqanaba hormone ahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Isizathu sokuba ucwangcisa ukuxilongwa olunjalo kuba ukwenzakala entloko yakutshanje okanye ikhosi epheleleyo radiotherapy - ezi zinto olusemngciphekweni kakhulu unako kukhokelela kuphuhliso sifo.

Inani leemvavanyo ezisemgangathweni diagnostic ziquka:

• iimvavanyo wegazi. Gqitha Iimvavanyo ezilula uyakwazi ukubona ukuswela hormone athile, ezivele ngenxa yebhinqa kwekhono. Ngokomzekelo, iimvavanyo zegazi kunokubonwa kumanqanaba asezantsi zamadlala eziveliswa nobubovu lengqula, neuron adrenal, okanye zokuzala, - ukunqongophala ezi zinto unxulunyaniswa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe ingqondo yebhinqa.
• Ingqondo okanye iimvavanyo linamandla. Nokuba ukuba ingcaphephe kunzima ukubona hypopituitarism; iimpawu umntwana kwi bonke kufana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ukuphazamiseka yemfuza. Ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo zokuxilonga, ugqirha ungathanda kakhulu akuthumele kwikliniki eyodwa izifundo endocrinological, apho uthatha khona umnikelo yokuqala amachiza ekhuselekileyo ukukhuthaza imveliso iihomoni, uze ukhangele ukuze ubone umthamo indlela nangakumbi secretion.
• ukwenza umfanekiso isifundo ubuchopho. Magnetic intlokoma umfanekiso (MRI) yobuchopho uyakwazi ukubona ithumba le yebhinqa kunye nezinye ukungaqheleki zezakhiwo.
• iimviwo Eye. Iimvavanyo ezizodwa ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba ifuthe ukukhula yebhinqa ithumba kwi ukukwazi ukubona okanye umbono.

unyango

Hypopituitarism, iimpawu ezahlukileyo ezinokuqwalaselwa kunye ezichazwe ngasentla, phantse lonk yoko kunokuba sisifo abahlukene. Unyango kubanga zawo ingcambu, kwiimeko ezininzi, ishenxisa zonke iimpawu ukuphazamiseka kwamadlala ezinxulumene kwekhono le ingqondo yebhinqa. Ukuba nothomalaliso isigulo sokuqala ngenxa yesizathu esithile yajika engenakwenzeka okanye singasebenzi, babacukucezela unyango kwamadlala ukuba hypopituitarism. Phezu neziphumo ezifanayo emzimbeni ayikho unyango kakhulu njengoko ukutshintshwa izinto ezilahlekileyo. Lwendlela kufuneka amisele kuphela endocrinologist abanezakhono kakhulu, ekubeni zibalwa qho ngamnye kubuyiselwa ngokungqongqo ezo hormone nangokomthamo apho zithiwe thaca kwi umzimba usempilweni. replacement therapy nobuhlala ixesha elide.

Ukuba Ithumba eye yabangela hypopituitarism, iimpawu, unyango kunye nonyango yesiqhelo elandelayo iya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo noshowo nangezilonda. Ngokuqhelekileyo emiselweyo utyando ukususa iseli engaqhelekanga. Kwezinye iimeko, unyango radiation.

amalungiselelo

Imithi substituents angamelwa amayeza zilandelayo:

• Corticosteroids. La machiza (imizekelo zingasebenza hydrocortisone kunye prednisolone) hormone endaweni zikarhulumente eziqhelekileyo eveliswe uthinte adrenal. Abazi kwanela ngenxa intswelo adrenocorticotropic. Corticosteroids athathwa ngomlomo.
• "Levothyroxine" ( "LeVox" et al.). Ichiza ithatha hormone ndlala na ukuphazamiseka efanelekileyo.
• hormone Sex. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba babantu testosterone kwabasetyhini - estrogen okanye indibanisela estrogen ne yiprogesterone. Ukuba ucinga ukuba hypopituitarism, iimpawu, kunye nokuthintelwa ukuphazamiseka ze ingqondo yebhinqa inokuba efanayo iimpawu kunye neendlela zokuthintela ukuphazamiseka ezinxulumene hormone ngesondo. Ukuba nemvelo kwafunyaniswa ugqirha, endaweni amachiza hormone elishiyiweyo ezisetyenziswa iintlobo ezithile: gel okanye testosterone inaliti amadoda nezidanga, gel okanye amabala - kwabasetyhini.
• hormone Growth. Le nto ibizwa zonyango somatropin nenzululwazi iingxaki ezidalwe, engena emzimbeni inaliti ongama. Ukukhula hormone ivumela umzimba ukukhula, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okuqhelekileyo ebantwaneni. Abantu abadala utyumbe inaliti ngokuzibona, kuphucula imeko jikelele yomguli, kodwa ukukhula yesiqhelo abuyi ibuyiselwe.

esweni

Le endocrinologist iya kubeka esweni kumanqanaba hormone egazini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imali eyaneleyo, kodwa hayi ngokugqithiseleyo izinto ezibalulekileyo.

Kusenokufuneka ukuba ukunyenyisa ithamo corticosteroids, xa ugula kakhulu okanye baya konxunguphalo ngokomzimba. Ngamaxesha anjalo, umzimba uvelisa enye hormone cortisol. Ukutshintsha oyidlayo kuya kufuneka kwezo meko, xa uganga ebandayo, uya uphethwe lurhudo okanye ukugabha, okanye wolahlekelwa uqhaqho okanye unyango lwamazinyo. Izigulane ezininzi emiselweyo CT ngamaxesha athile okanye MRI.