Itanki "Merkava" - iinqwelo IDF

kwamatanki bakwaSirayeli zithengwa ukuba IDF (Israel yoKhuselo Forces) phesheya, akazange ukwanelisa ngokupheleleyo iimfuno emkhosini, uyilo lwabo alisayi kuwathathela ngqalelo iimpawu ezithile abaninzi yakuMbindi Mpuma imfazwe yeqonga. Ngowe-1970, ubunkokeli eli lizwe bagqiba ukwenza isikrweqe yabo. Kuba okokuqala kwimbali yentloko kweprojekthi yobugcisa zange kukucwangcisa kunye nejoni, Jikelele Tal, ijoni ungquzulwano Arab-Israeli, owayesazi konke malunga iingxaki evela itanki kwi edabini.

Zisuka nje, le abayili ezo bakucaphukele isicelo kuphela yengingqi wesithuthi entsha yokulwa. "Inqwelo" - njengoko iguqulelwe kwi igama lesiHebhere elinikiweyo itanki Israeli "Merkava". Wayemelwe ukuba kusetyenziswa kuphela kuMbindi Mpuma, ngokunjalo nemfuneko kwi kaloliwe okanye iihambo ngomoya izakhono yokuhamba yayo kubethwa ngoyaba. Kuyenzeka ukwandisa ubunzima imodeli, leyo, emva konke, iitoni ezingama-65.

Isibaluli yesibini engundoqo esebenze abakhi itanki yamaYuda, waye ukhuseleko ubuninzi aba belungu bayehluthe kubo. iye yenziwa Yonke into yokulwa isithuthi ngokoyiswa firepower utshaba ukunciphisa amathuba detonation emthethweni kunye amafutha ucinezelo. Ukuphumeza oku, itanki "Merkava" kwaba ilungiselelo olwahlukileyo classical: iyunithi yayo amandla usiwe zangasemva phambili (kunye nobunzima babo ikhusela itanki ukusuka projectiles ukoyiswa weentonga ukugqojozwa ngokungqalileyo). Yonke into ngexabiso layo! Ngoko ke, lo ukubonakala sibi kakhulu, kodwa ke le ngxaki isonjululwe ngokusebenzisa elektroniki kunye ngokukhanya ngokuyinxenye. Eli qela ehleli etankini kwaye likhupha ngomnyango kwi ngasemva, leyo, kwakhona, kunciphisa sengozini kwabantu kwimeko apho kufuneka ushiya imoto ovuthayo.

Itanki "Merkava" uye izixhobo kakhulu: umpu-mm 120 ukuvuleka udaka, evela kuyo agxothwe ngaphandle ungqiyame ngaphandle kwezindlu vehicles, imipu ezinamandla.

Yokukhetheka kwalo matshini kukuba lixhotyiswe gumbi zabronevym, evumela amajoni ukuba bathwale okanye fihla bayilimaza, zakubona edabini. Le Isisombululo design ukhetheke ukuvelisa kwitanki ihlabathi, asifanele uphume nesantya neempawu, kodwa nkcukacha yakuMbindi Mpuma theatre imisebenzi kunye indlela ekhethekileyo ukulwa ilahleko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwamkelwa yayo.

Ukususela ngo-1979, itanki "Merkava" iguqulwe izihlandlo ezine, kunye nexesha ngamnye ubuthathaka ezichongiweyo ngexesha impi. Le ndlela yokugqibela (Marko 4), ingqalelo ogqibeleleyo kakhulu kuyilo yayo kusetyenziswa izisombululo ezininzi zobugcisa, ukusuka kakhulu elula wawabulala e ngokuphuma yayo, ezifana iibhola yentsimbi phezu isikrweqe, isebenze ngendlela lokwaluka ezalwe lwezinto yolu izixhobo entsonkothileyo kakhulu zobugcisa. Le yokugqibela ziquka nokuthintela ekuthatheni ekujoliswe izixhobo kweenkqubo isikhokelo kungenelela imijukujelwa antitank kwaye inkqubo yokhuseleko esebenzayo "Trophy", ibhaqa kwaye khipha ATGM. Noko ke, malunga iziqhushumbisi anti-itanki iqhelekileyo izindululi ukuba akanamandla.

Itanki "Merkava" ayibanga ngokupheleleyo, izixhobo zomkhosi ezifana ayikho. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuba wenza abayili Israeli - kunye ngokoyiswa ngenene ukufa kwamalungu enqanaweni liye lathotywa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.