Há oat umxube - umehluko jikelele

Iminyaka ukuzabalaza umxube ingca esetyenziselwa ezidla imfuyo eluhlaza kunye hay njengoko umgquba oluhlaza. umxube grass-oat sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ujikeleziso kwiifama ezininzi lizwe. imidumba ababili Excellent kunye nokutya okuziinkozo ikunika umphumo egqwesileyo nayiphi na ukusetyenziswa kwayo.

umgquba oluhlaza

umxube grass-oat isebenza kakuhle nje umgquba oluhlaza - Izityalo, ukwakha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu oluhlaza. Banceda umhlaba lulama, ukusebenza wokucoca: isichumiso yendalo.

Zihlwayeleleni, ngeendlela ezimbini:

• Phambi kokutyala inkcubeko olimekayo. ukutyala spring Early bakwazi ukucombulula iingxaki ezimbini: ibonelela umhlaba kunye nezondlo kwaye akavumeli ukhula ukuze zikhule. Isibini iiveki phambi kokutyala isityalo umgquba engundoqo eziluhlaza ukuchetywa ngokupheleleyo, nakhandiweyo bamngcwabela emhlabeni kwangoko. Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokubola obuphalazelwe.
• Emva kokuvuna. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, usondeze izityalo ilungileyo kweentyatyambo karhulumente. Ngeli thuba, apho imali mkhulu mziba ukukhula, izondlo. Bakhawuleza ukubola, ekwandiseni umhlaba. Asinako ukuvumela ukuyilwa rough akubangelwa - nje ibole kwaye abe ngumthombo imingxunya nezifo wentsholongwane egazini.

Kwiindawo ezisezidolophini ukongezwa okanye iigadi ezininzi ezifanelekileyo na umxube ukutya ngazo-oat. I imboni Izinga - 350-400 grams ngehektare 1 nganye (70% wiki imbewu kwi-30% iimbewu oat). Ngokutsho iimpawu zayo zesondlo a umgquba eluhlaza onokufaniswa kwintshayelelo emhlabeni ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-35 ngumgquba ha 1 nganye.

Imigaqo ukuhlwayela nokuvuna

umxube grass-oat ityalwa ekwindla, intlakohlaza nehlobo. Sihlwayelwa kubunzulu cm-2 ukuya kwezi-5, kunye bekhefu phakathi kwemiqolo ka 8-12 cm. Sele ngomhla 6 kuvela emthini. ukunakekela ngokukhethekileyo. Izityalo ukubathwala ngokukhuselekileyo imbalela, ukungabikho zokukhanya (emthunzini unako ukukhula), baqhubeka emkhenkceni ukuya ku 7 ⁰ C.

Emva kwenyanga, uyakwazi ingca ngenxa yeConvenco emhlabeni, yaye ehlotyeni oko kungenziwa kabini. Ukuba mxube bukhulileyo ngenxa ifula, koko lindela ekuqaleni ukuyilwa iimbotyi, silage - esinobunzima yemfundo yabo, ubunzima eluhlaza - ekuqaleni kweentyatyambo. Xa ikhule kwi indlela wokucoca imbewu usebenzisa Browning yokulinda eyahlukileyo kunye ekukhuleni iimbotyi kwiinxalenye oluphakathi nolusezantsi kwezityalo.

soilage

imveliso olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kakuhle ezidla ixesha amadlelo kuthiwa swa eluhlaza. impumelelo yayo ixhomekeke inkcubeko yokhetho.

Oats - enye izityalo ezidla ixhaphakileyo. Yeyona iqabane ilungileyo ukuzilolonga kunye legumes. Há oat umxube kwindawo oluphakathi kunye Nechernozemie na ixabiso kakhulu kwi yokuthutha eluhlaza kwegazi.

Enesiqingatha okanye iinyanga ezimbini esele ukutya ingca. Umahluko phakathi ixesha lokuhlwayela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo iiveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu evumela ukusetyenziswa ndawo ezidla ngokufanelekileyo. Kuba ixesha kumaxesha loo kunokuba ezimbini ukuya ezintlanu, kuxhomekeke kummandla sezulu.

ukusetyenziswa Ise amadlelo lixhomekeke kukhetho eyiyo ingca yodaka. I mixube cereals kunye nokusetyenziswa izondlo legumes nenjongo kunye ukufuma komhlaba. Oku kungenxa yokuba zicwangciswe inkqubo root (ezinezikhondo kunye nentonga) ngokufanayo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Loo grass-oat umxube. Isantya imbewu-1 m 180 kg yembewu, i-oats kufuneka-80 kg, kunye grass - 100 kg. mass eluhlaza excess ezisetyenziswa silage okanye hay.

buhle

Ukongeza, ukuhlanganiswa wiki kunye oats zikhuliswa phantse kulo lonke eli lizwe, lo mxube lineqela eziluncedo:

• idliwe kakuhle zizilwanyana. Ngenye inkomo ngosuku ethintela malunga nama-50 kg ubunzima eluhlaza, kwaye ngexesha indlebe kokuhluma oats nezidubula wiki - 65 kg.
• Fast kucingwe ngokuphinda emva Ukuchetywa okanye amadlelo. Ngeli xesha amadlelo kwi ndawo enye ityalwa ukuya izihlandlo ezihlanu.
• Kuye isivuno esihle kakhulu. Isivuno into eluhlaza kunokuba ukuya ku-180 kg / ha, hay - 50 kg / ha.
• Ikhusela umhlaba. Kuphucula nesakhiwo sayo, oko likhusela ngokuchaseneyo yemozulu kunye leaching, etshabalalisa ukhula.