France ubudala kaMadame de Pompadour

Isibakala sokuba abasetyhini maxa wambi olawulwa eFransi, owayibonayo le sobulumko kunye nombhali Bernard de Fontenelle, nalowo wahlala kanye-100 leminyaka ubudala kunye nohlobo ngexesha lam kakhulu bangathenjwa. Eyona nto iphawulekayo inganga ubukumkani Mam de Pompadour (1721-1764) owabangela ukuba isaqunge ngexesha elinye ngenxa profligacy zabo, nisikrokrele ngamagosa kunye bacule laudatory abangcwele. Ngubani lo mfazi imangalisayo, kwaye wavumela ukuba buguqulelwe isiphelo abantu kweli lizwe?

Mam Pompadour ngomdla abomvu imfihlelo lemvelaphi yabo, ngoko ke kunzima ukuba mbali ukuya ezingcanjini zawo emilibeni yokuzalwa. Jeanne-Antuanetta Puasson wazalwa usapho footman owayesakuba, owaba intendant. Kamva, utata Wabanjwa eba waya bazimele. Noko ke, Jeanne omncinane wayenomdla kwabantu a Norman De Turnem - olinene kunye wezimali. Ngubani lo - umnini, oye waba lackey le uJoan uyise, owayemele wakhe, okanye uyise lenene, njengoko ibango yi nabagxeki, wayebhekisela yokuba inkosikazi ukumkani - isiqhamo uthando ukukrexeza? Kule akhawunti amaxwebhu abazange ukunika impendulo ecacileyo.

Noko ke, kukho into malunga apho Mam de Pompadour yena wayethanda ukuxoxa, kukuba lwesigypsy okuqikelelwayo ulwalamano elizayo kunye nokumkani intombazana eneminyaka eli-9 ubudala. Esi sihlabo wanika ufakelo noJeanne ebomini. Emva indlela ende kwaye olunameva ukuthanda noLouis XV, ususe zonke angi kunye isiseko elide e Versailles, sultana ayikatshintshi lwesigypsy yaye wahlawula yokuhlala kude kube sekupheleni imihla yakhe. Ekubeni bafumana imfundo yekhethelo, uJeanne watshata umtshana wakhona yakhe. Umyeni waye ugly, kodwa izityebi, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba uyazi. Umkhonzazana Poisson ngovuyo similise Mam d'Etiol.

Kodwa bafuna Mam de Pompadour, kakade, ngaphezulu. Nokufikelela ekukhanyeni ephakamileyo, yena uyabazi bonke uhletywa kweyadi, imikhwa kunye ukuthabatheka kumkani. Ngelo xesha ngumlawuli France gqitha neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya de Chateauroux. Ilindele lokufa kwakhe lingekabi lilixa layo, Mam d'Etiol waqalisa ukusebenza. Xa ibhola azenza, waba nethamsanqa ukuhlangabezana Louis oneminyaka eli-35 ubudala ngokwaneleyo. ubuhle bakhe obutsha ayenziwa kuye kubonakale efanelekileyo - uthando xa uqala engenzekiyo. Ke zangena Jeanne wathenga indawo kwindawo yokubonela phambi kwibhokisi yasebukhosini. Kodwa ke ebusuku emagumbini yobukumkani, ukusebenza emva, hayi "ukubamba" ukumkani.

Ke uJoan baya kuba besuka: ngokwenza indlela yakhe ngasese lokulala likakumkani, wadlala ibali yonke melodramatic, uthi, yena umngcipheko intloko yakhe ukubona umntu omthandayo, kwaye ukulungele awe ezandleni anomona-umyeni. Kodwa esi senzo wasondela kwiikumkani nokuva kunokuba amgxothe hussy, Wayinika ke ngentsika intendelezo lady umfazi wakhe, kancinane emva koko kwaye isihloko Marquise. Mam de Pompadour wayesazi ukuba omnye ubuhle bakhe akwanelanga ukubophelela intliziyo ka-Louis, ngoko wabetha begxeka ukwazi loluthando yokumkani ukuya arts. Xa igumbi lakhe lokuphumula kwakukho Moliere, uMontesquieu, Bouchardon, Fragonard, kunye nezinye ngezafobe yiEnlightenment.

Sasiyintoni Marquis de Pompadour? Makhe ngexesha ezi umlimi Interface blonde ezityebileyo, nangona le nto ngaphezu kokuba irhafu ukuya fashion. inkcazelo yomlomo ababephila phambi kwakhe, ndawonye umfanekiso womfazi wobukhulu elifutshane iinwele ezimdaka kunye amehlo umbala bengasiqondi. Musa ukuvumela yena ubheka ukuvala i-Order wamaJesuit eFransi ukuya ukususa nemeko Prussia, ukuba ayizise kufutshane Austria. Wahliwa sisifo unyana wokumkani, wahlala iminyaka emi-5 kuphela ubudala, kodwa kwakukho abaninzi kangangoko 20 oyithandayo!