Ezi zixhobo ze mycelium - yintoni na le nto? Indlela ukhule mycelia ekhaya

Hamba ehlathini ukuze amakhowa mnandi, kodwa akusoloko sinako ukufumana ixesha ephithizelayo ubomi mihla. Kodwa kukho isisombululo: ongakhula ngayo ekhaya. Oku kuya kufuna ulwazi oluthile, izixhobo kunye nomonde. Umsebenzi ophambili kuba umnyamekeli mushroom kukuba ekufunyanweni mycelium. ukubaluleka kwayo kunganzima ukuba nemikhuba. Hyphae - uhlobo uthungelwano iimpahla eziqokelela izondlo emhlabeni kunye nezithuthi ukuba imizimba iziqhamo ngulo mngundo. Ezidliwayo, ndalisila inxalenye yawo ephuma maqhuqhuva ezithile kulo lonke mycelium.

Amakhowa ngokukhawuleza mazifake yonke indawo, leyo efanelekileyo ukuze ikhule. Olu phawu inika tubular (esifana inkqubo yokujikeleza), isakhiwo mycelium. Ukongeza, le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba uthole ngokukhawuleza ekutshatyalalisweni noba inani elikhulu lwemizimba fruiting.

Umzekelo olothusayo lobuninzi fungi kwiseli inokuba amagwele. Mycelium azinabo ngokunxulumene utshintsho kubomi kumajelo eendaba lulwelo ezityebileyo zizondlo.

Namhlanje siza kuthetha malunga nendlela zokwakha indawo evumela ukwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba bahlala phantsi iimbambano mycelium. Kuthatha ixesha, kodwa umphumo ubaluleke ngayo.

Indlela ukukhula awafanele?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iifeni nkqu nabo bakhule nangeenkowane ngenjongo yokuthengisa, mycelium kusetyenziswa azithenge amashishini ezizodwa. Apho, phantsi kweemeko engenazintsholongwane, ukulungiselela ingxoxo, leyo kamva kwasekwa hyphae. Le yinkqubo efuna microclimate okhethekileyo. Mycelium njengoko kwiinkcubeko enyulu ikhutshelwa engqoloweni zeesiriyeli mycelium inkqubo ezikhulayo iqala. Igumbi kungena kunye umoya ecociweyo, ukongeza, i overpressure igcinwa, ukuze ungabinako kudlula emoyeni equlathe iintsholongwane. Oku iyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkozo hayi zihlawulwa kwi-fungi lokuvunda kunye nezinye eziyingozi kwaye musa konakalisa inkcubeko. Nangona kunjalo, lo mycelium mushroom zingalinywa ezimweni ngakumbi. Ezantsi sichaza inkqubo lonke, ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa le ndlela ekhaya.

Zeziphi iintsinga mycelium?

Le inkqubo ngemibhobho eyayizalwa, hyphae, ukukhula apical kunye eyayizalwa lateral. Kunokuba yiseli kunye acellular. fungi ezininzi ezityiwayo engenazakhiwo osebenza iimpawu conductive. Zixhobo mycelium okanye ngeentambo luqulathe hyphae amalungiselelo ngaxeshanye kunye neendawo esinzulu licinezelwe omnye komnye. On tyazhah fungi filamentous ibekwe nokuqala elizayo. apho Kamva ngokwabo kuvela imizimba fruiting. Amanqanaba isasazwa kulo lonke zeendawana nesigubungelo ngokupheleleyo indawo yonke into elungele ukukhula. Ngako oko, le mycelium kwelo khaya ithatha samenza ntsimi. I elikhulu oko, kokukhona ufumana imizimba fruiting.

laboratory elula

Ngokusekelwe kwinto yokuba ukudala indawo yokusebenza ikhaya akwenzeki, makhe sizame ukuxhobisa iimeko afanelekileyo fungi ngezinto ezilahliweyo. Ukulima mycelium ifuna igumbi elikhulu, ecocekileyo lula ukuyicoca. Kubalulekile ratio ukufuma kunye lobushushu lomoya. indawo eyomileyo kakhulu kwaye cool ukunciphisa imveliso kakhulu, kodwa koko, nobushushu nokufuma eliphezulu ukukhuthaza ukukhula komngundo. Isiqulatho sokufuma ngokupheleleyo 60-70 ekhulwini. zisetyenziswa ezi iinjongo elingaphantsi apha uziva mycelium elungileyo. Le mycelium iye ekukhanyeni low, kodwa abenzi ukufuma ukuseka emi. Kufuneka ubushushu emoyeni kuba degrees 20-24, indlela elilelona zigcinwe usebenzisa isixhobo elula ukufudumeza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba akukho uthuli kunye iidrafti, njengoko lukhuthaza isifo mycelium imbewu eziyingozi micro-eziphilayo nokungunda.

Elilelona yeyona unit indawo encinci wangaphantsi zeplastiki yokubeka 1.5-2 m. Musa ukulibala ukuba logama nje kufuneka ukuba inkcubeko enyulu, leyo ke ngoko bafakwa zeendawana. Ukuze asebenze kufuneka iingqayi yeglasi ezineziciko, ukukhula medium, cooker inzala, kwakunye amashiya, umbala, iikomityi zeplastikhi ecacileyo. Njengoko kufuneka inkcubeko enyulu ukuthatha amaqhekeza imizimba iziqhamo. Pre-azihlambe kakuhle ixabisa.

Amalungiselelo medium kwezondlo

Siya kancane kancane ukuba zikhule njani mycelium. Ngenxa eliphakathi lwezondlo apho ibekwe iinyama nomngundo, esebenzisa itapile-glucose agar kunye mithombo luthathe agar. Baya zingathengwa esele zenziwe okanye uzenze. Wort agar isekelwe ilitha 1 Wort, oko kongezwa-20 iigrem agar-agar wayipheka de nokonakala epheleleyo. I eshushu kufuneka ugalele ezityeni ludlolo, ngoko angenziwa uvale isiciko. Emva kokuba medium lwezondlo lupholile, isiciko uphakanyiselwa yaye yaziswa ziba izihlunu benga umzimba iziqhamo enokutyiwa.

Emva malunga 2-3 iintsuku Lutho emhlophe livela isitya. Le mycelium. Kodwa lo umphumo kunokufikelelwa kuphela kwiimeko kuthotyelo imigangatho yococeko. Noko ke, ekhaya ukuba bazigcine zonke ubuqili nzima, kangangokuba isitya kukho obomvu, oluhlaza, angwevu okanye wulahle amakhowa kunye amathanga Singabhalwa iintsholongwane. Ukuze ukuba esichengeni imixholo ngcono ukuze bamphose uze uzame kwakhona. Noko ke, inclusions ezincinane zivumelekile, logama nje kwisiqingatha kumphezulu iyonke ahlala yesondlo mycelium esulungekileyo yenkcubeko ngulo mngundo. Emva kweeveki 2-3 iza kuya ikhula ngalo lonke ubuso, itsho ifihla- ngokupheleleyo zonke ezinye iintlobo zomngundo. Lo mzuzu ephawula ekupheleni kweqonga zinzima, ngoko - iqhinga.

Yintoni mycelium?

Mycelium kufuna uyibeka kwi inkcubeko medium, kulandele ukwanda iqala. Noko ke, apha kukho ukudideka malunga inkcazelo yoko mycelium. Abanye bathi kuwo zeendawana mycelium abosulelwe ukulima ngakumbi. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, lo mycelium - ngokwaso mycelium, oko kukuthi, umzimba ngundo, emhlabeni, uze utyaleke zeendawana.

Fumana phezu kwento yokuba mycelium - a zeendawana, nto leyo eye kwaku mycelium. Ulindele nje xa uza kuqalisa ukuba sikhule iindiza, kwimbuphu yesarha, ngomhla iinkuni okanye kwikhadibhodi. Oko kukuthi, mycelium kuyimfuneko ngokutshintshelwa mycelium phezu kwezi substrates.

Ukufumana mycelium

Ngoko ke, wena unayo mycelium yenkcubeko ngulo mngundo. Kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa ke kufuneka lo zeendawana apho uya kukhula kunye namaqumrhu ifomu fruiting. Yinto efanayo ngokungathi iimbewu ufuna ukutyala kuzo kumhlaba otyebileyo. Amaninzi, abalandeli bakhetha ukusebenzisa zizala ingqolowa, oko kukuthi, ukuba ahlwayele phezu iinkozo aphezulu umgangatho. Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka amabele, lungathi lube lolwengqolowa, nokuba yemiyo, okanye ezinye. Kufuneka igalelwe amanzi umlinganiselo omnye (amalungu ama-2 zamanzi) ezimbini wayipheka ukuba imizuzu eli-15-20. Emva koko, oko ezaphule ibe ngetawuli ecocekileyo ushiye ukuba zome. Ngaphezu koko, gypsum kongezwe kwi-mali ka-1.3% yamanqaku ewonke, ukongeza, kufuneka calcium carbonate (0.3%). iingqayi Coca ezaliswe umxube kubangele ukuba ¾ imithamo. Amandla adingekayo ukuba azisongele isiciko ngefoyile ye kwaye iintsholongwane kwi-oveni ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini kubushushu degrees 120. Xa ibhanki cool ngokupheleleyo, udibanisa 3-4 izilayi esiphakathi. Emva ezintathu kweeveki bushushu sigqunywa ngokupheleleyo ingqolowa womnatha tubules emhlophe. Ngoku kangangesandla kuloo okuziinkozo ityalwa nayiphi zeendawana, leyo ngokulula.

Ezinye iintlobo zizala

Le mycelium zikhuliswa kwi kwimbuphu yesarha. Kutshiphu kwaye afikelelekayo. Ngokuba lo uthuli kukho iintsholongwane ngokuxuba okanye calcination kwi-oveni. Kunqweneleka ukuba usebenzise naphakathi imithi yeziqhamo kwimbuphu yesarha. Emva nzala kwisingxobo nabo zibekwe eliqela umxube lwezondlo zizibi mycelium Lutho emhlophe. Emva kokuba mycelium esisesweni entle ikoloni kwi iinkuni, iindiza okanye kwikhadibhodi. Amaninzi ekwakhekeni kwimbuphu yesarha ihamile iplastiki ngaphakathi, ukufumana i ityhubhu okanye nemithi oko kumlungele na ukulinywa ngamakhowa. Kwimbuphu yesarha Kuyinto elula kakhulu, kodwa akukho okunesondlo, ke ngoko, ifuna ongeziweyo ezahlukeneyo mycelium yakwazi ukuba ukukhula izidumbu iziqhamo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le iipakethi zongezwa bran okanye nawuphi na umthombo-nitrogen. Kodwa kakhulu zizala ingqolowa okunesondlo, ukulungiswa kwayo sele ichaziwe.

Ukuba ufuna ukuzalisa mycelium weloge, kungcono ukuba kusetyenziswe intonga izikhonkwane okanye mushroom. Le induku enkulu eyenziwe esisesweni licinezelwe, chips iinkuni. Mycelium Kulula kakhulu ukuba ayifake emngxunyeni kwi umqadi. Sele bafunda izinto iinkuni, ukhawuleze kuya uqale ukususa zibe ukukhula. Imeko Ukukhetha eziphambili - kuyinto material zeendawana efanelekileyo. Kuba ibeka ezinkulu izikhonkwane ezifanelekileyo. Mycelium kwimbuphu yesarha okanye ingqolowa entle yokugcwalisa zeendawana ivulekileyo kwimbuphu yesarha, ikhadibhodi kunye nengca. Musa ukulibala ukuba mushroom ngalinye ethanda iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Oyster ikhula kakuhle kakhulu kwi kwimbuphu yesarha neendiza, kodwa mushroom ukhetha medium zizondlo, ezifana okuziinkozo.

Ithekhinoloji mushroom kulinywe

Amaninzi, le mycelium amakhowa likhule phandle. Kodwa uzinze, kwaye ngoko bakwazi ukuqokelela isivuno osisityebi liyi- iimeko kwigumbi. emagumbini efanelekileyo kunye iigaraji, iishedi odaka. Unako ukusebenzisa greenhouse eziqhelekileyo, ekhuselweyo elangeni ngqo. Igumbi kufuneka mfuneko yokuba umoya, ubushushu elilelona ungaphezu degrees 15. Ukufuma kufuneka zilawulwe, ukufuma kwemfuneko kukhokelela asibumbe ukukhula, endaweni amakhowa.

Sele wathi mycelium mushroom uthanda zeendawana kwezondlo. Zintle le umgquba njongo ziqulunqwe ngokwendlela yecash komgquba entsha (akukho ngaphezu kwe-25%), kunye nengca. Kulo mzekelo, qaphela ukuba nje ukuxuba la macandelo akwanelanga. Qiniseka ukuba komgquba, le yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ezinto eziphilayo. Ngexesha oko kwasekwa umcimbi oluxandileyo, ezilungele mushroom kwaye asihambelani kwabadlali yayo. Kakuhle walungisa umgquba - sisiseko sesivuno, ngoko, ukulungiselela umhadi umgquba, igcwalise izithako, ingca kufutshane ngokuqine yemowni ze ukushiye ebusika. Entlakohlaza inokusetyenziswa ezikhulayo obude.

Ngoko ke, lo zeendawana ilungele, elinde igumbi, sikhula kuphela mycelium. Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezichazwe apha, uyakwazi ukuzilungisa ngokwakho okanye ukuthenga evenkileni. Flow Rate - 500 g square metre nganye.

Ukulinywa anika Oyster

Ukuba umtsha kwi mushroom ulimo, kufuneka uqale nalo eklasini. Isibakala sokuba mycelium Oyster mushroom likhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, oko kukuthi, kukho inzuzo ebalulekileyo phezu zomngundo. Nokuba na zeendawana kakhulu ngokomsebenzi kunye zokugxojwa kweemeko kulinywe kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukunika ziziphumo ezisemagqabini. elula kakhulu ukwenza kunye neyunithi zeendawana, kusenokuba ingxowa polyethylene, zipakishwe ngokuqinileyo kunye esisesweni kunye nezinye iimveliso iinkuni. Noko ke, ukuze akhule isivuno esihle imizimba isiqhamo nzima ngaphezu ukulungiselela zeendawana.

Mycelium Oyster ngokwaneleyo ukufuma ngenkani lobushushu lomoya. Ukuze ufumane i nemiphumo emihle, kubalulekile ukuba kuqinisekiswe ufikelelo oluqhubekayo umoya ofumileyo entsha. Khumbula, xa iqala ukukhula Oyster? Ekwindla, xa kusasa sele opholileyo yaye kufumile. Ukuze ufumane isityalo oluzinzileyo, kufuneka uthenge ufakelo ezikhethekileyo - humidifier cuke. Ikhupha umphunga ebandayo okanye inkungu. Abaninzi senze into yokuba iibhloko emiweyo Oyster wazibeka egadini, anike isivuno ekwindla okanye kwimozulu emvula ipholile ehlotyeni.

Sisiseko zeendawana kufuneka kwimbuphu yesarha, pine kunye neetships. Le yongezelela zokondla adla ngokusetyenziswa pearl yerhasi. 2.5 kg zeendawana lidla kucishwe 300 grams okuziinkozo kunye ngeengxam ezabe zidliwa zikajongilanga. Le zeendawana kufuneka kwethumba, umzuzu phambi kokuphela yokupheka, yongeza umgrayo. Xa mxube lupholile, izicoci ngononophelo kwaye endaweni izingxobo zeplastiki, utayi zombini ezinemiphetho. Emva kosuku bachithe kwakhona pasteurization. Ngokuba lo zeendawana iibhloko kufuneka ukumelana phezu umphunga iiyure ezi-6. Emva koko, eli zeendawana zipholile idityaniswe le mycelium. Ukwenza oku engxoweni wenza eziliqela cuts, nto leyo elungiselwe itispuni zizala okuziinkozo. Emva kweentsuku 20-30, i ibloko lonke ajike emhlophe kwaye ukulungele iziqhamo. Ke kaloku, omnye nganeno block weplastiki kuvulwa, kwaye umiselwe nkqo.

Ngamafuphi

Njengoko ubona, akukho nto kunzima ukuba akhule amakhowa ekhaya. Le mycelium zingathengwa kwivenkile okanye umntu omdala ngokupheleleyo wena. Le nkqubo inde kakhulu kwaye inzima, kodwa kufuna inkathalo enkulu ngentlonipho imithetho esisiseko. Ukuze kukukhawulezisa oko, uze ungenise mzuzu elide lilindelwe lokuvuna, sebenzisa mycelium nilungile, apho kuthengiswa ezivenkileni elithile. Oku kuya kunciphisa ixesha atsho imizimba fruiting iiveki ezimbini ubuncinane.

Musa ukulibala ukuba esweni ucoceko le mycelium, isixa esikhulu ngumngundo, ukubola, kunye nezinye iimanyano kwi zeendawana ibonisa ukuba le nkqubo yaqhutywa kunye ukunyhashwa, yaye ngoko, ukusetyenziswa izinto ezinjalo uqhekeko ngakumbi kule zeendawana kunokuba yingozi.

Zama okokuqala ukukhula Oyster mushroom mycelium. Le ngundo nabalulamileyo. Ukuba kuphelelwe kulinywa ngayo kwi zeendawana ukuya ekuqaleni ekwindla, ungafumana isivuno egadini ngqo, ngaphandle ekudaleni iimeko ezizodwa.

Ukuba mushroom ukukha ikakhulu ezinxulumene ne ivumba iinaliti ompayina ihlathi cwaka uya ngcono ukuba uhambe. Esi siganeko ukhunjulwa ixesha elide, nomoya omtsha, esisityebi ioksijini, kuya kunceda ukubuyisela impilo aze azuze amandla elide veki ukusebenza.