Engcwabeni Tamerlane: Uphi na, imbali, iifoto

Sogdiana - imimandla yamandulo Central Asia, iziko apho BC lande capital Marakanda kwaye kamva yaziwa ngokuba Samarkand. Timur kwi XIV wenza ikomkhulu lakhe, kodwa yena wayefuna ukuba ikomkhulu kwehlabathi.

Yintoni Samarkand

Esi sixeko singqongwe ngodonga enqatyisiweyo ezinde kunye umsele. It wakha izakhiwo omkhulukazi. Ezi zakhiwo bedumisa lizwe kunye nomlawuli walo. Ngoko ke, lo sakhiwo iithayile omkhulu ephambili, ezikrobeni openwork. Iimbongi, iimvumi, oogqirha, izazi, ababhali-mbali kusebenza kwakhona kweyadi uhombiso Timur. It bamthomalalisa bakhe obungamampunge. Akazange alibazise nokuba ubameme ukuba kokubuyela kwakhe okanye kumazwe kuthinjwa ikomkhulu labo. Timur alawulwe njengoko nokuphuhlisa ubugcisa. Ke wayalela ukuba zonke iinkosi badlula ngokukhululekileyo waya kummandla karhulumente, kodwa emva akwabakho indlela yokuphuma. Nabayili bezakhiwo, ngabapeyinti, potters, abaxholi, zokubhala zamenyelwa ukuba ukwakhiwa, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi ukuba ayethinjelwa kumazwe asemzini. City wambetha ubuhle bayo. Sizoku lwisana isibhakabhaka ezibengezelayo blue ayegcwele blue eliqaqambileyo gilding intabalala ( "kundal" ayibobuchule) omkhulu, izakhiwo isibhakabhaka phezulu. Xa indlela efanayo wakha Gur-Emir, nto leyo likwaneklinkhi engcwabeni Timur (Tamerlane).

ubuntu Timur

Tamerlane (okanye Timur) uyindoda elikroti kwaye ningoyiki. Wayesazi ukulawula indlela yena kungekhona ukutyhila iimvakalelo zabo. Timur ngokuqonda kwaye ngenyameko bazama ngayo yonke into kwaye wayesoloko izigqibo labapostile. Ezi mpawu unesimilo utsale abantu kuye. Kwakhona waba incasa enkulu ubugcisa, leyo kungabonwa ekwakhiweni kwezibonelelo ngexesha lakhe.

imbonakalo lerhuluneli

Wayeyindoda ende. ukukhula kwayo wayelingana 1,72 m. Iinwele, zasemzini njengoko kubonakala kunjalo, kufuneka umbala omdaka Anut nengwevu. Engcwabeni Tamerlane wambonisa look. Wayeqhwalela komlenze wakhe. Kodwa ngokubanzi, ngokutsho izazinzulu, bakhe ubudala begazi ngeenxa iminyaka amahlanu, nangona ngexesha lokufa kwakhe yena 68. Le kwingcwaba Tamerlane, okanye mandithi amathambo akhe, apho kuyo, bathi abaphandi, kwaba umntu emzimbeni enamandla kakhulu, nto leyo alichatshazelwa kukudodobala . Uye yasinda ezininzi amazinyo, omkhulu kwaye zisempilweni amathambo, ebanzi amagxa, umthamo omkhulu wemiphunga zesifuba - zonke ebonisa womdlali. Emva uvula engcwabeni Tamerlane (Ifoto ngentla) ke M. M. Gerasimovu ukubuyisela imbonakalo Timur. umfanekiso wakhe ngokuchaneke kangangoko. Intshebe Mthovu Timur baba, kwakunye iinwele, ubukhulu kunye ebomvu.

Apho wafa Tamerlane

Yavela eentaba of Shahrisabz mihla, Timur phantse ebomini ndayichitha amaphulo. Xa begqiba emva kokuba iimfazwe Samarkand kunye wawumisa, umphathi ayihlasela waya Tashkent, wamngenisa zizityebi okuthinjiweyo. Waza walitshintsha ulwalathiso waya onyuka kwicala wasePersi yaye phantse amagxamesi ayo. Emva koko kwabakho umzabalazo kunye Golden mkhosi mkhulu kunene, niye kwibhanya-Iran, India. Yonke Tamerlan awayezibhokoxa ku Samarkand ubuncwane, enye yazo yaba jade imbasa enkulu. Ngezantsi siyaqhubeka ngayo. Yaba kuphela xa wayeneminyaka emashumi mathandathu anesibhozo ezelwe, waye wagula waze wafa ngexesha lokuya China. Kwakubanda ebusika-1405. Umzimba wayo yabaqholiweyo kwaye wasibeka etyeyeni, leyo ngokufulelwa yiBrocade yesilivere, kwaye yenziwe ezinqabileyo nemisimbithi, yaba sisithabathaba. Ngenxa yoko, Timur wasiwa ikomkhulu lakhe, kuphi na kwingcwaba Tamerlane.

Gur Emir

Ulwakhiwo Lingcwaba Uemir yaphehlelelwa ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ngo-1403, ngokuba wafa, indlalifa wakhe, nomzukulwana. Ukwakhiwa kwale sakhiwo omkhulu ziza kugqitywa kakhulu kamva nomzukulwana wakhe Ulugbek, umphengululi kunye mbongi, kungekhona ijoni ngathi uyisemkhulu wakhe. Kule sidle Gur-Emir sele ufumene kwingcwaba Tamerlane ndawo. Kamva, yena, wayifulela kwipleyiti jade, nto leyo ebangela epitaph. Siyathemba ukuba sinako ngoku ukuphendula umbuzo othi: "Uphi na engcwabeni Tamerlane?" Ngo Samarkand, xa crypt le Timurid.

Ngubani kuqala nobuganga ozakungcolisa ingcwaba

ingcwaba lakhe kwiinkulungwane inviolable. Kuphela phakathi kwenkulungwane XVIII Persian Khan kuphela injongo, kodwa wathabatha slab elixabisekileyo jade. Ngoko ke, kuzo zonke yeengcinga, liye lakhutshwa eMongolia, owayevele China. Ngaloo mini kwabakho inyikima Iran kunye Shah wagula. Ngoko ke wabonakalisa waphula yokuqala ingqibelelo kwingcwaba Tamerlane. Ngokutsho legend, i-Khan yabonakala mentor ngomoya iphupha Tamerlane wathi plate ukubuyela. Khan wayesoyika, waza wathumela kwakhona, kodwa kwipleyiti endleleni zahlulwe phakathi amalungu ama-2. Ngo Samarkand master ngononophelo wafaka kunye, kodwa sibange buqapheleke. Ngenxa yoko, ingcwaba Tamerlane kaThixo, apho ihlala namhlanje jade ipleyiti, wahlala zingabanjwanga de kwekhulu XX.

Umsebenzi kwi leSoviet

Akukho mntu waziyo kakuhle apho Tamerlan. Mhlawumbi ekhaya e Shahrisabz. Kukho khona ingcwaba. Kwaye mhlawumbi e Samarkand. Kwagqitywa ukuba bahlole yamangcwaba omkhulu eGur-Emir kwaye ukuba kumbiwe engcwabeni Tamerlane, ukuba uyifumane apho. A ikhomishini okhokelwa zakudala emerlyn-Niyazov. Kwakhona wawuquka amanani ezifana enkcubeko M. M. Gerasimov, uye wadala umzobo Ivan IV, nengwenya Russian Tsar, yaye umbhali Aini kunye cinematographer Kayumov. Wonke umsebenzi yaqala ngoJuni 16, 1941. Amangcwaba amaninzi, kwaye kwagqitywa ekubeni ungayivulayo ngokulandelelana. Okokuqala ndadibana Ukulahlwa oonyana Timur. kweentsuku ezimbini kamva - nabazukulwana bakhe, kuquka Ulugbek, owafunda ngenxa yokuba intloko yakhe wahlukaniswa ivela emzimbeni (njengoko kwaziwa ukuba wafa ukufa), nokokuba wangcwatywa phakathi iingubo, hayi kwilinen. June 20, ndade ndaqala uvula engcwabeni Tamerlane. Wabona kwaoko, ngenxa yokuba lo ivi skeleton yayonakele, oko kukuthi, wayejingxela. Olu ingcwaba yayikhethekile. Yalala nje kuphela slab iitoni ezintathu-jade, leyo kwabaqhubi, kodwa kananjalo ibhastile ezimbalwa. Kwakufuneka sokutsala into ngentambo ukuphakamisa ukuba ngequbuliso wayaphula. Ngoxa yena wachacha, yena uMeyi.

le teahouse

Kayumov umqhubi waya kusela iti. Kuba dastarkhan wahlala umntu ezintathu ubudala - oku ngumfanekiso Samarkand eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngequbuliso omnye inkonde yomqhubi, wathi ukuba kuyingozi ukuvumela umoya imfazwe engcwabeni. Inyange ukuba ukuba ziphazamise Timur uthuli, kuya kuqalisa imfazwe embi anegazi njalo waya Central Asia. Le ndoda endala kwavula endala incwadi kunye itekisi Arabic ufunde eli ilejendi engancumisiyo. Kodwa, Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, Kayumov ngenxa yesizathu esithile zange akhulule nayiphi na incwadi okanye abadala ezintathu umboniso. Kwaye ke ubungqina kuye, kodwa amazwi akhe, abanye abanawo. Ukubuyela hambo, Kayumov waxelela ingxoxo yakhe onke amalungu ayo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi waqhubeka.

Sebenza kwi kuvulwa sarcophagus

Xa yalivulayo engcwabeni Tamerlane, ukukhulisa iipleyiti ezintathu, ngoko ngaphantsi kubo wabona sarcophagus omkhulu. Ngu yokungcwaba waqhubeka isiselo ngobuqholo sesiqhumiso. Ngesiquphe, ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, umbane waphuma. It ngokuzenzekelayo kwakhona emva kweeyure ezintathu. Umsebenzi waqhubeka: lomngcwabo elimnyama got amathambo Tamerlane kunye ziyimfumba kwiibhokisi. Ngentsasa elandelayo, izazinzulu wafunda kunomathotholo aqala imfazwe. Ihambe okanye hayi, akukho mntu owaziyo. Kodwa ke kuphela emva kokuba kwingcwaba Tamerlane wabuyela skeleton kanye ngembeko wangcwatywa, yaye oko ngoMatshi (19-20) kunyaka 1942 kwakukho yinguquko emfazweni. Stalingrad 19 Matshi ekhubekisayo yaqala, yaye amajoni ethu baqalisa ukukhulula loo ntsimi kakhulu kwilizwe.

Nali ibali obufihlakeleyo ukuqondana emangalisayo ngemihla ezenzeka emva kokuvulwa kwingcwaba Tamerlane. Indlela yokuphatha oku nje ayaziwa. Kodwa ke izibakala zibonisa ukuba kuninzi ukufunda.