ECG uxinzelelo: yintoni iziphumo zibonisa eqhelekileyo?

Ukuchonga ukungaqheleki intliziyo ezahlukeneyo badla emiselweyo i electrocardiogram. Indlela liyi- ilula kakhulu. Noko ke, yena ingqalelo omnye kakhulu ulwazi. Ukuba le nkqubo akuthethi ukubonisa iziphumo ezicacileyo, isigulana ilawulwa i electrocardiogram kunye umthwalo. Le ndlela ivumela ukuba atyhile pathology efihliweyo kwaye ukumisela unyango ngokwaneleyo.

inkcazo ngokubanzi inkqubo

Phantse wonke ubuncinane kanye ukuba bapase i inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba electrocardiography (ECG). Kuyinto ukurekhodwa ngamaza ombane (imisinga) xa izivumelwano intliziyo. Khusela data kwaye iwubonise kwigrafu ivumela isixhobo ezikhethekileyo - i electrocardiograph. Le yoko ikhangeleka ngathi egopheni ezintsonkothileyo. Abawacazululayo amaxabiso ezifunyenweyo zidla benza ngugqirha.

indlela Pretty ezilula isifo nesifo sentliziyo ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo. An electrocardiogram yenye yeendlela libiza kancinane kwaye afikelelekayo. Uncedo nayo ngokuba akukho ukunyhashwa ingqibelelo kwesikhumba.

Electrocardiography nentshukumo

Kukho iindlela ezininzi electrocardiography, yenye apho umthwalo wezifo. Inkqubo yesiqhelo xa isigulane Liphumle, ayisoloko ukubonisa zonke izinto ezinxaxhileyo entliziyweni. Intliziyo yoBhaliso sazi ngexesha umthambo ikuvumela ukugqiba unobangela ngqo esi sifo ngenxa umsebenzi ebonakalayo imisipha yenhliziyo yonke eziphilayo.

ubuchule

Yenza electrocardiography ne umthwalo ngeendlela ezininzi. Enye iindlela efanayo zePCR ezisebenzayo. Akukho isixhobo olulodwa ayisetyenziswa, isiqaqa Istopwatshi cardiograph. Izigulane bacelwa ukuba enze imisebenzi elula. Kusenokuba squats okanye anganyathela eqongeni inyathelo.

Veloergometry ingqalelo enye yeendlela ezininzi efundisayo kuxilongo ukusebenza imisipha yenhliziyo. Ngokusebenzisa i ibhayisekile umthambo axhotyiswe boluvo ezizodwa kunye ikhompyutha enamandla. Xa ECG umthambo yonke idatha ziya kudluliselwa kwikhompyutha ukuze zifake nohlalutyo.

A indlela efanayo zokufumanis uvavanyo treadmill, esetyenziswa kuphela umthambo treadmill. Ukuba isigulane iqalisa ukuba azive embi, uxilongo epheleleyo iza kubonelela unyango kuyimfuneko.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba ukusetyenziswa

Le nkqubo ivumela ubhaqo iingxaki ezikhoyo kunye ngonyamezelo imisipha yenhliziyo kwangethuba awunakucwangcisa umphakamo ukuba isigulane ngasinye. An electrocardiogram yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyo diagnostic kubantu abasebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.

Yabela nkqubo kwiimeko apho ECG esezantsi akazange ukubonisa nayiphi na ukungaqheleki, kodwa ukuba isigulane ikhalazela imbonakalo ngamaxesha iimpawu ezingemnandi. ebonisa ngqo ukuze zisetyenziswe ndinyana kunye umthwalo ngokwenyusa kancinane yile ezimbi zilandelayo:

• imfuneko ukujonga uhlobo kunye nobungakanani kwemithambo;
• fibrillation atrial ;
• izikhalazo rhoqo buhlungu intliziyo;
• wegazi;
• yesifo sentliziyo azalwa nayo;
• arrhythmia, tachycardia;
• imbonakalo cyanosis ulusu okanye ubuthathaka ngesiquphe.

Ukuba uxilongo lokuqala lokufumanisa electrocardiograph lubonisa ubukho isifo sentliziyo, ngoko ukwenza uvavanyo kunye umthwalo akwenzi ngqiqo.

Izimo

Ingcali kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba akukho-izinto ezibonisa contra phambi kokuba isigulane afumane ECG kunye umthwalo. Ngenxa yokuba kwezinye iimeko, olu hlobo Uxilongo kuba ezisongela ubomi. Xa yezonyango, kukho Izimo ngokugqibeleleyo isalamane ukuze zisetyenziswe. Iqela lokuqala luquka ngezifo enzima:

• wombuso emva iposi engabalulekanga (Inkqubo wambamba akakwazi kweentsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba kuhlaselwa);
• arrhythmia, hayi efanele sesichengeni lwezonyango;
• izifo ezosulelayo ezimbi;
• pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis;
• senhliziyo congestive;
• Embolism pulmonary ;
• stenosis aortic ngendlela kakhulu;
• ukusola i kwemithambo ngesitya bundle.

Ukuba Izimo isalamane nomonde ugqirha kufuneka ukufumana imfuno electrocardiography ne umthambo.

Uxilongo idla kunikwa kuphela njengecebo lokugqibela xa ezinye iindlela ziye akuphumelelanga. Olu didi lubandakanya iimeko zophendlo lwezifo ezifana ezifana nokunqongophala magnesium calcium, isidanga kakhulu seswekile, isifo sentliziyo kunye stenosis oluphakathi, arrythmia ventricular, hypothyroidism, ventricular kwemithambo ngasekhohlo, ukuzalwa isisu.

Njani na indlela?

Ukuze wenze electrocardiogram kunye umthwalo, kuyimfuneko ukuba umntu onjalo cardiologist kwaye bangenele uviwo lokuqala. Ukuba isigulana Akukho Izimo, oko unganika uvavanyo kwi ibhayisekile emileyo (ergometry ibhayisekile) okanye treadmill. Eyona ulwazi kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ke lwalo lokuqala.

Phambi kokuqala kwesifo ukuba ulusu isigulane uyanamathela yingcali woluvo. Le nkqubo iya kwenziwa ngaxeshanye nitrogen wegazi. Nabenzi boluvo zifakwe kule ndawo collarbone, iincakuba zamagxa sehlise umva. Ebudeni imizuzu ezintathu zokuqala kuyimfuneko ukwenza lo mshini 180 rpm (60 ngomzuzu). Emva kwemizuzu emithathu de umthwalo uya kwandisa de kuvele ukudinwa, isiyezi okanye intlungu.

Isigulana kufuneka azise ngeemvakalelo zabo kunye nogqirha ngokupheleleyo inkqubo ECG. Emva kokuba data umthwalo irekhodwa okwelinye imizuzu eli-10. Eli xesha idla elaneleyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinga intliziyo lubuyele kwisiqhelo. Iziphumo ithunyelwa ugqirha moshilongo.

Ngokuchanekileyo ubachazela iziphumo

ECG kunye umthwalo inika ulwazi inokuthenjwa malunga nobume imisipha sentliziyo imithambo yegazi. Isiphelo iqulethe ezi zikhombisi zilandelayo:

1. umsebenzi (J) eyenziwe sisigulane.
2. umbundu amandla (W).
3. Izizathu yokuphelisa yokuqala isifundo.
4. Isiphelo intsebenzo.
5. Le Dynamics izinga lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
6. Nexesha olisebenzisileyo ukulungisa amazinga sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
7. Ubukhulu uxinzelelo igazi umthambo incopho.
8. arrhythmias wentliziyo (ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka kube).
9. izifo Uqhaqho (yenkcazelo eneenkcukacha uhlobo bezityholo, ixesha ivela khona).
10. iklasi isifo ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba amandla umthambo apho kutenxa khona.

Kuphela wenza nokutyhilwa lweengcali kweziphumo ECG ukulayisha. ukusebenza uNorma yahlukile ngokuxhomekeke kubudala kunye nesini isigulane. Ukuphambuka nayo nesithethe nangoku musa ukuthetha malunga kukho imeko zophendlo lwezifo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, le nkqubo iya kuphindwa emva kwexesha elithile.

test isiphelo

ngobuwena okugwenxa kubonisa ukusebenza ophezulu kunye nokungabikho utshintsho ECG kunye nomthwalo. Isampulu ingqalelo ethandabuzekayo ukuba kwicandelo offset fixed ST (utshintsho kwi lokuphumla igrafu phakathi kwamazinyo S kunye T). Isizathu sokuba le nto ke igqunyiweyo ekwandeni umoya yemiphunga, ntshikilelo rhoqo, ndoyolula unyango iziyobisi antiarrhythmic, potassium ukunqongophala emzimbeni.

Kunye isampuli HIV ogulayo atrial fibrillation, ibetha rhoqo ngaphambi kwexesha, ST ingxenye shift abangaphezu kwe-2 mm. Kulo mzekelo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ixesha xa kwakukho iimpawu ezifanayo, umthwalo ubuninzi, izinga intliziyo.

Ntoni umthwalo kwi intendelezo ekunene?

I-ECG abhalwe zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo izihlunu zentliziyo. Enye syndrome eyingozi a hypertrophy ye intendelezo ekunene. Le ngezifo sivame yezifo amalungu nokuphefumla, ngokuba le nxalenye entliziyweni inxibelelane kwi inkqubo miphungeni. Izigulane Umthambo bekhubazekile yemiphunga nezengekho ibonakala tye sindisa atrial.

Ivelufa ngezifo kunokubonwa ngexesha electrocardiogram. A uphawu ecaleni iguqulelwa P. wave diagnosis ngexesha iya kuvumela ukuba ukuqala unyango ejoliswe bayeke esi senzeko.

Ukulungiselela inkqubo

Ukufumana iziphumo ezithembekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela ECG sithwele umthwalo. Phambi kovavanyo ngaphandle uxinzelelo ngokweemvakalelo emzimbeni, wabalahla esebenzisa iziselo ezinxilisayo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle ukuthatha amayeza ezichaphazela imisipha intliziyo. Yiba nefuthe elibi result kwisampula ukuze ukutya enzima.