Braille - system yokurekhoda oyivileyo ezisetyenziswa iincwadi, imibhalo, iimali kunye nezinye izinto abantu abaziimfama abangaboni kakuhle. ukubonisa ngenxa eyenzelwe ngokusekelwe kwi Braille, abantu abaziimfama angasebenzisa iikhompyutha kunye nezinye iindlela ze-elektroniki. Gcina irekhodi kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nencwadi ephathekayo okanye Braille keyboard.
Braille ithiywe emva kumdlali - i Frenchman nguLouis Braille, obe eyimfama ebuntwaneni ngenxa yokwenzakala. Ngowe-1824,-15 ubudala, waba ifonti ukuba oonobumba French njengoko ukuphuculwa ebusuku-ukufunda ubugcisa emkhosini. Ukupapashwa kwale nkqubo, apho kamva kuquka notation emculweni, kwenzeka ngo 1829. Uhlelo lwesibini, eyapapashwa ngo-1837, yaba kuqala inkqubo binary irekhodi.
Alphabet kuba iimfama i imiqondiso, ukuba ngohlobo iibhloko uxande (iiseli) kunye amachaphaza khaxa. Inani kunye nendawo kwezi ngongoma ukwahlula unobumba omnye komnye. Ekubeni braille ibhalwe iinkqubo Ukuloba ezikhoyo, i-odolo kunye inani loonobumba kuyahlukana nedlela lwimi. Ngenxa software, ukukwazi ukubhala ngokutsha isandi yesicatshulwa, ukusetyenziswa font iye yehla kakhulu. I-ABC eemfama iyaqhubeka ukudlala indima enkulu kuphuhliso lwezakhono zokufunda kubantwana abaziimfama, kunye nokubhala kungandisa umgangatho zengqesho phakathi kwabantu abakhubazekileyo.
Braille yayisekelwe kwi cipher emkhosini,-ebizwa ngokuba 'ukubhala ebusuku "eziveliswe Sharlem Barbe ukuphendula imfuneko abelane ngolwazi ebusuku, ngaphandle etsala ingqalelo utshaba ngokusebenzisa isandi okanye ukukhanya. Inkqubo Barbier iseti yamaqhuqhutya 12 ingqamana ukuya kwenye izandi 36. Le ndlela iye sakhatywa ngumkhosi, njengoko kwaba nzima kakhulu emkhosini. Ngowe-1821 Barbier batyelela Royal Institute for the Blind eParis, apho wadibana nguLouis Braille. Braille waphawula ezimbili ebalulekileyo yale cipher. Okokuqala, utyikitya ohambelana kuphela izandi, kwaye ngoko ngeke ukubonisa upelo ongobhalo. Okwesibini, imiqondiso 12 amachaphaza waphakamisa yayimikhulu kakhulu ukuba nobaqonda kwebala ngaphandle ezihambayo umnwe wakho, nto leyo umzimba osezantsi kakhulu inkqubo yokufunda. IBreyile kwako apho iseli iingongoma 6 kunxibelelana iileta ngamnye be-alfabhethi.
Ekuqaleni, Braille yayiquka kuphela oonobumba be-alfabhethi French, kodwa kungekudala kukho iseti izifinyezo, igama elakhiwe ngoonobumba kunye logograms eye yenza ukusetyenziswa kwale nkqubo lula ngakumbi. Namhlanje Braille yinkqubo nokubhala ngakumbi kuba iimfama, kunokuba ikhowudi ukubhala amagama zopelo. Kukho imiphakamo emithathu yombhalo. Okokuqala kusetyenziswa ngabo abaqala nje ukufunda Braille, kwaye iqulathe iileta iziphumlisi. Avamise kakhulu ngumphakamo wesibini, apho kukho ukwehla ukuze ugcine isithuba kwiphepha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unako ukufumana umgangatho wesithathu, apho amagama yonke bancipha amagama ambalwa okanye ebhaliweyo kunye nabalinganiswa ezikhethekileyo.