Biography Aristotle ngokufutshane malunga sobulumko yamandulo yamaGrike

Aristotle - ke sobulumko inkulu Greece yamandulo, umseki yesikolo Peripatetic, isazi. Umfundi Intanda Plato kunye ngcebiso ye umphathi omkhulu Aleksandra Makedonskogo - naye Aristotle.

Biography ngokufutshane abantwana: kwiminyaka yokuqala

Ngo-384 BC. e. e Stagira, ithanga yamaGrike kufuphi iNtaba iAthos, uAristotle wazalwa - enye zobulumko mkhulu lonke ixesha.

Abazali-nzulu elizayo, lowo udla ngokuba Stagirite waba imvelaphi amanene. Nicomachus, uyise ka-nzulu elizayo, ugqirha ilifa, wakhonza igqirha zenkundla waqeqesha kwiziseko zakhe ezihlangwini yobugcisa zonyango kunye bulumko ngelo xesha alohlukaniswa amayeza. Aristotle ebuntwaneni Wayeqhogene kwinkundla Macedonian, yaye esazi koontanga bakhe, unyana wokumkani Amyntas III, uFilipu.

Aristotle yintandane njengomntwana waza wakhulela proxy isalamane. bokugcina emagxeni abo Ukwacinga ngalo mfana, wanceda kwimfundo, bayakhuthazwa ngamandla umdla elivisayo, wachitha imali yokuthenga le ncwadi ngelo xesha abiza kakhulu, phantse ubutofotofo. Wabonisa iindleko loo karhulumente eseleyo emva kokufa kwabazali bakhe. Biography of Aristotle, isishwankathelo sazo umdla wokwenene phakathi ulutsha lwanamhlanje, iyabakhuthaza ngokwenene intlonelo enzulu umntu, wamthi emagxeni abo uxanduva zemfundo nabanye abantu abanomdla kwikamva elilungileyo kwilizwe labo.

UPlato umhlobo wam

Biography Aristotle ngokufutshane uxelela malunga nendlela ukufunda intanda ngo-367 BC. e. Aristotle bafudukela eAthene, apho wahlala iminyaka engamashumi amabini. Isixeko Greek mfana eyaziwa umsebenzi woqeqesho phantsi kwalo akhademi, vula sobulumko omkhulu uPlato. Mentor, umzobo ingqalelo esiyibona umfundi isidima ngokwasengqondweni, waqala yokwaba phakathi kwezinye abafundi.

Aristotle aqala ukwehla ngokuthe neembono zakhe utitshala kunye neengcinga, aze ke abekele phezu inqubo yabo. Yinto akukho mnandi kakhulu Plato, kodwa umahluko uluvo akabanga ukusebenza nolwalamano phakathi buchopho ezimbini. Uninzi iimbono iingqondo ezimbini ezinkulu hlukile imfundiso izimvo, nto leyo Kukholelwa ukuba Plato, wadala ihlabathi nemizimba. Ngokuba umfundi wakhe iingcamango Aristotle bakaThixo kuphela kakuhle eli nesenzeko eziphathekayo, enxibe ezo iingcamango efanayo. Ngokubhekisele kule mpikiswano uAristotle isaziso ibinzana edumileyo, savakala anegama njenge "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu." Malunga intlonelo amazing Aristotle ekubeni wakhe othandekayo Plato inokubonwa kwinto yokuba lo mfana, owayesele esekwe-nkqubo yehlabathi, kwaye kungoko ke imiqathango lombutho yesikolo yayo bulumko, akazange oku ntoni ngumcebisi ubomi.

Biography Aristotle ngokufutshane sichaza, ngo-347 BC. e., emveni kokuphuma nelinye izwe utitshala omkhulu, indawo yakhe njengentloko yale Akhademi ukuba ilawulwa umtshana wakhe Spevsipom. Aristotle, baba phakathi kwemeko disaffected enikwe, wahlukana uPawulos neAtene kunye nesimemo bakazwilakhe Hermias (umfundi kaPlato) waya kwisixeko eAso, ibekwe eAsia Minor. Emva kweminyaka 2 inkcaso esebenzayo ukuya wasePersi idyokhwe Hermias wayengcatshwa emnqamlezweni, ngokunxulumene noko Aristotle kwafuneka ukuba baphume sandulela ngokungxama. Kwakhona wabaleka Pythias - isalamane Hermia, owathi kamva waba ngumfazi lo bulumko yamaGrike. Ligwiba isibini oselula yafunyanwa kwidolophu Mytilene (saseLesbos Island). Kulapha uAristotle wacelwa ukuba abe mentor ngunyana uFilipu - Alexander, ngelo xesha kunyaka-13 ubudala.

Malunga umfundi Aristotle

Biography Aristotle ngokufutshane ibonisa ukuba yempembelelo bulumko yamaGrike kuhlobo umfundi wakhe kunye indlela acinga ngayo, leyo kamva udumo lwayo njengoko umphathi mkhulu, olugoso.

Aristotle, ayilwe lokumodareyitha iinkanuko umphefumlo wewadi, wathuma indoda oselula iingcinga ezinzulu, iminqweno emihle kuyalelwa ukuba benze izenzo nozuko, wabethelela ukuba uthando "Iliad" - incwadi kaHomer, eyayihamba kunye Omkhulu ubomi bakhe. Alexander wafumana imfundo zoqobo, apho ugxininiso phezu isifundo kwezopolitiko kunye neendlela zokuziphatha. Njengenkokheli oselula owaye- uncwadi, amayeza kunye bulumko.

base school

Biography Aristotle ngokufutshane ithi indlela sobulumko yamaGrike, eshiya kunye nomtshana wakhe Callisthenes Great ngo-335 BC. e. Yena wabuyela eAthene apho wafika wavula isikolo bulumko Lyceum (high school), kungenjalo obizwa ngokuba "Peripatetic" (ukusuka "peripatos" - zagutyungelwa gallery ngeenxa zonke entendelezweni, hambani). Oku luphawulwa indawo kokuqhubekileyo kule utitshala okanye indlela le ntetho lolwazi kwinkqubo - wayehambahamba emva naphambili. Abameli yesikolo Peripatetic, kunye bulumko yokwenza Sciences ezahlukeneyo: physics, ukuma, ngeenkwenkwezi, imbali. Kwi kwiiklasi kusasa, obizwa ngokuba "akroamaticheskimi", ubuhanjelwe abafundi bakulungele emva kwemini ukuphulaphula-sobulumko kungaba nabani.

Eli xesha kwi biography of bulumko yamaGrike linyathelo uxanduva, kuba ngeli xesha kwinkqubo yophando sele kwenziwe ezifunyaniswe ezininzi ezibalulekileyo wadala inxalenye enkulu yale misebenzi, ubukhulu becala uzimisele amabombo kuphuhliso kwicala lasekunene isayensi yehlabathi. Ngexesha le minyaka, umfazi wakhe Pythias wafa. Okwesibini, uAristotle watshata ikhoboka lakhe yangaphambili Gerpillide.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Biography Aristotle ngokufutshane yaye ngokucacileyo ichaza ukuba sobulumko yamaGrike, ngehlombe benza emhlabeni yesayensi, ukuba usekude isuswe iziganeko zezopolitiko, kodwa emva kokufa Alexander Omkhulu ngowama-323 BC. e. kweli lizwe naloo ntshutshiso anti-Macedonian yaye ingcinezelo, eqinileyo izulu phezu kwentloko bulumko yamaGrike. Aristotle watyholwa uyanyelisa nokungabi woothixo, nto leyo eyanyanzelisa njengesazinzulu kakuhle inkundla imbaxa ezizayo, nikhonze abanye abafundi e Halkida kwisiqithi Euboea, ezaba indawo yokuphumla yokugqibela ebomini bakhe. sobulumko nyaka-62 ubudala wabulawa sisifo ilifa esiswini. Xa intloko Lyceum Aristotle xa yena ilandelwa ngu umfundi wakhe uTheophrastus. Rhode Scientist enkulu waqhubeka nomsebenzi intombi yakhe Pifialoy (unyana Nicomachus, ngokutsho kwezinye kuqikelelo, nkqu kwiminyaka bakhe omncinane, wabulawa emfazweni).

Aristotle: ibhayografi elifutshane Umqala wamantla ayo

Eziwudibanisayo banembono yokuba i-Aristotle omkhulu kwakwenzeka kunye umntu egula. intetho yakhe wayelele kakhulu kwaye iziphene:-sobulumko mix ezinye izandi ukuba imke ngegalelo lakhe elizukileyo kwinzululwazi.

Njengoninzi kumaxesha amandulo, abacinga, uAristotle ngaphandle bulumko ziqhelisela bafunda izifundo zenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo yaye waba umsunguli amacandelo ezininzi: nala ubuciko lwenzululwazi, igrama. Kwakhona njengomntwana onengqondo enkulu iseke inani leefekthi ebalulekileyo nokwakheka ngezilwanyana, kuqala wadala kwintanda-art kunye nethiyori kwimibongo. Eyona misebenzi ibalulekileyo kwaye yaziwa kakuhle Aristotle njenge "Politics", "ezikhona", "Poetics", "Physics". Utitshala Greek inkqubo yentanda abachaphazelekayo iinkalo ezahlukeneyo uluntu jikelele nempembelelo uphuhliso olulandelayo yokucinga zenzululwazi.

KwiJografi, uAristotle wacebisa ukuthembeka yobukhulu kwezilwandle. Eziphilayo, isazinzulu ochazwe malunga namakhulu amahlanu iintlobo zezilwanyana kunye wasungula KABLOOM umyezo, okokuqala kwimbali yenzululwazi. Ngokufunda izilwanyana, wabahlula kumaqela 2: notyando kunye nezilwanyana kunye negazi (kwi intloko yabulala indoda), ukuba phantse elungelelene ingcamango langoku: ezinomqolo kunye ezingenamqolo. Ifilosofa omkhulu, ingqalelo nguyise meteorology (okokuqala kule kota kukhankanyiwe ama ezintweni yasezulwini).

Kuzo zonke imisebenzi Aristotle kude ukuze kufikelelwe kuphela ikota imisebenzi. Ngokutsho kwezinye uqikelelo, ithala leencwadi abatyebileyo bulumko emva kokufa akhe agqitha uTheophrastus kunye nenzala yakhe, ngubani, nokuba ngabantu abangafundanga, lwahamba iincwadi kwiibhokisi ivalwe ongaphantsi. Ezimanzi kunye nemibungu kugqitywe umsebenzi.