Aster IsiTshayina (callistephus): inkcazelo, ukulima kunye nokhathalelo

Garden Aster yaziwa kakuhle abantu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Ngelo xesha, ukuba uyotywe ubuhle bayo nabemi Greece yamandulo neChina, Korea, kunye Mongolia. La mazwe ekhaya kule mbali.

Namhlanje, le isityalo ikwafunyanwa kwi kwiipaki ezidolophini, kwisitrato intyantyambo-iibhedi, kwaye emiyezweni. Astra isithandwa hayi nje kuphela ngenxa yobuhle bayo, kodwa ke ixesha kweentyatyambo. Oku uncoma imibala yayo ekwindla, xa isibhakabhaka rhoqo iintsuku lisibekele yaye ndiyingwevu zisiba nde.

asters History

Aster chinese has a lot of abalandeli ehlabathini lonke. NgesiGrike eli gama lithetha "nkwenkwezi", ngalo amavo ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, amaGrike amandulo ayekholelwa ukuba iinyembezi kwisithuba Virgin, wajika waya uthuli apho iintyatyambo ezintle bakhula. Ekubeni le constellation iye yanxulunyaniswa isithixokazi uthando Aphrodite, intyantyambo waba uphawu wayo.

Bathi ngokunyanisekileyo bakholelwa ukuba xa ubusuku wammisa phakathi asters, uyakwazi sibeva bethetha ngokuzolileyo kunye neenkwenkwezi.

E China, kususela kwimihla China Aster yamandulo umele esobukhomokazi ubuhle, lobuhle nokuthozama. Iintlanga ezininzi eYurophu, liye laba uphawu lonxunguphalo ukuba ube yiparadesi elahlekileyo, ke ngoko, zithathwa ukuba isiqwengana a kweenkwenkwezi kwaye ukude kum.

Abaninzi babekholelwa ukuba amagqabi Aster, uphoswe emlilweni, yakwazi ukuba azigxothe iinyoka, kodwa inkoliso le ntyatyambo ekwindla wavuka, njengoko zizityalo kakhulu ecacileyo kwaye mhle, kweentyatyambo kweli xesha.

Inkcazelo plant

Aster chinese iingcambu ebanzi kakhulu limise oluhlaza nokuba zifuna ukuba ngqombela iziqu. Nomphakamo cm-20 cm ukuya kwi-90, bangafumana zombini kumagqabi straight and branched. Amagqabi enye, okweqanda, green wona aqoqiwe.

Yokudubula i tubular okanye ibhaskithi yeengcongolo ezinamagqabi shiyana terry. flower eliphakathi nganye, tyheli, lo gama Kwicala elingaphandle kunokuba pink, neengubo ezimfusa, iBurgundy, emhlophe, magenta okanye Violet umbala.

Kweentyatyambo iqala ngoJulayi kuqhube de yeqabaka. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Aster yaseTshayina endle ayikho nje enomtsalane njengoko ntlobo hybrid, ezahluke ubungakanani kunye nombala, kunye nexesha kweentyatyambo.

Ukuba uyibeke emyezweni, kuya kuba kuhle ukuba ukhethe indawo evulekileyo lilanga, nokulolonga ukufuma komhlaba kunye nomoya.

iintlobo

Kukho ngaphezu 4000 neentlobo asters, ezo zohlulwa ngokwendidi-40. Phakathi iintlobo enjalo China Aster limi. Ichonge njenge uhlobo olwahlukileyo phantsi kwegama callistephus, bona bubonakala evela lesiGrike njenge "intyatyambo entle." Iintlobo ezininzi ezithandwa phakathi kwazo zezi:

• "Abalandeli" - series, ngokwenene kuzo iintyatyambo iintyatyambo. Le yokudubula ukuba itsheke ngasembindini, kwaye imbonakalo yangaphandle ke kuhlala ulixhoba. Enobubanzi ka 10-12 cm lukhangeleka Kuhle kakhulu. Sikhula isityalo "kwikholam" high 8-10 strong iziqu. Flowers elide ugcinwe emva kokuvuna.
• Anomxholo othi "balun" omkhulu, ukuya kwi-13 cm ububanzi, iintyatyambo globular ezinamagqabi amaninzi. isimo sabo etsobhileyo kuthintela lamanzi embindini, nto leyo ethintela ukubola. Bush ikhula 6-8 eziqwini.
• Series "Nkosazana" imelwe ngamagama ababhinqileyo, afana Veronica, likaHilda, Alexander kunye nabanye. Bona lubonakala ezinkulu (12 cm) iintyatyambo eziphantse-kabini ezinamagqabi ifukame kwityhubhu obhityileyo. Ehlathini Kuphendula 10-12.
• "Pompons" series ngamnye (5 cm) iintyatyambo incinane, kodwa ngokukhulu egubungele etyholweni. Kudla kukho iintlobo ezimbini umbala.

Ezi ntlobo ze asters zonyaka ivame kakhulu kwi seedbed e begadi ngenxa yobuhle labo kunye lula.

Ukukhulisa asters

Callistephus Chinese ityalwa ngqo egadini, apho sele bulawula ukuqanda, okanye entwasahlobo, kuhlawulelwa ukhuseleko imilibo film. Nasemakhaya, ityalwa izithole. Imbewu yale sityalo lincinane kakhulu kwaye ukukhanya, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukuya ku-1 g lamaqhosha 450-500. Ukuthenga imbewu, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo umhla wokuphelelwa, njengoko ukuntshula asters kwiminyaka-2 kuphela.

Xa ekhetha seentyatyambo umyezo, kufuneka ucinga kwangaphambili malunga ndawo kubo. Asters ukhetha icala enelanga kunye Isiqulatho sokufuma umyinge komhlaba kunye emoyeni, nangona kusenokuba kuyinyamezela kakuhle umthunzi buso. Mhlaba ulungele ezi imibala - ochumileyo kunye iasidi cala okanye ialakalin kancinane.

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kwaleya yokutyala kufuneka kwakheke umhlaba kunye wamatye iinkuni uthuthu. Kuba iintlobo ezinkulu kufuneka ligcine umgama phakathi kwamatyholo kwi-30 cm, ngokuba sredneroslye - 20 cm, ngokuba encinane ngokwaneleyo ukuya kwi-10 cm.

Ukunyamekela Aster

Nangona ngokubanzi Aster Chinese ukhetho, ukufumana amatyholo aluhlaza zokuhomba kufuneka ngokubafekethisa nje kancinane.

• Xa imozulu owomileyo, kufuneka ukuba nibe wankcenkcesha, uphambuke ezintethweni kungekho kukhula amanzi.

• I lokunxibela yokuqala eyenziwa izichumisi ezintsonkothileyo, kufuneka kwenziwe kwiiveki ezi-2 emva kokuba kutyaliwe, phantsi kwelungiselelo elithi isityalo kuba ngci.
• Ukulandela kuqhutywa nexesha lolu nezidubula ukutya. Ungasebenzisa isichumiso echaphazela njengokukhazimla umbala kunye nokukhula kwesityalo.
• amatyholo Tall nohlaza kufuneka alibophe up.

Oku zonke iimfuno wenza Aster Chinese. Ukukhulisa ayithethi nto ibangele inkathazo, kodwa unokufumana emandlalweni 'iinkwenkwezi' entle eqaqambileyo, kweentyatyambo ide iqabaka.

buphindwe

Olu hlobo iintyatyambo Akwandise kuphela imbewu. Ekulimeni ingaba ekhaya ngeembiza okanye gases kwaye endle.

Emva kokuba imbewu kufuneka walitshiza, nakhandiweyo wamatye owomileyo, ugalele zonke iimbewu baze alumuniyam eliqinileyo. Baya kuza phezu elesihlanu Ngemini yeshumi, kodwa kude amagqabi yokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukugcina lobushushu ukuya degrees 20. Emva koko ke kufuneka incitshiswe ku-15, ukuze isityalo luphuhliswa kakuhle.

izithole ukufakelwa kwindawo evulekileyo ukuba ngoJuni, xa ubushushu sele imiselwe, ngoko ke iintyatyambo ziya okwentyatyambo ngasekupheleni NgoJulayi okanye ngoAgasti kwaye sibambelele kude kube sekupheleni kuka-Oktobha. Ukuba wenza oku ngaphambili, kufuneka uzilungiselele ngenxa yokuba ixesha eneentyatyambo yena lifinyele.

isifo

Zifo zixhaphakileyo ukuba anokugaxeleka asters - yi Fusarium. Iimpawu zenzeka izityalo ngexesha ukuyilwa yaliqhina okanye yintlahla. iindlela ezinkulu ekulweni esi sifo ezinzwaneni akakho, kodwa unako kubaphepha ngokuthatha inani izinyathelo.

• Okokuqala, ezi ntyatyambo ayikwazi ukubeka ngaphambili kwi ndawo enye ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 kophazamiseko.
• Okwesibini, xa ulungiselela umhlaba awusebenzisi umgquba entsha okanye umgquba, zokubatshintsha ngabanye wamatye.
• Okwesithathu, kungcono phambi kokutyala iimbewu ukunyanga isisombululo nokubola.

• Okwesine, musa ukubeka izityalo kufuphi enye kwenye ukuze bakwazi ukungena nokuphuma kakuhle.
• Okwesihlanu, qiniseka ukuba amanzi angaxingi malunga ingcambu khola.

Ukuba isityalo wayesifa, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukususa kwangoko kwaye zivutha. Ukongezelela Fusarium, asters abe 'ngamaxhoba' of botrytis kunye angumgubo nangexoshomba, nto leyo eya kubasindisa ukusuka wokutshiza isisombululo fundazol.

nezilwanyana

The main izinambuzane asters zezi:

• Uhlume intwala, ehlasela sisityalo isithombo kwibakala, ukuba 3-4 we gqabi lokuqala kuphela. It deforms amagqabi kunye nendlela aliqhawule kubo. ulawulo Inkathazo sokutshiza hlorofosom, depisom okanye karbofosom phambi intyantyambo ivela amagqabi ngaphezulu kwe-4.
• intothoviyane icuba imigca ugcine amalungiselelo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana "Yathetheka" kunye metaldehyde.

Ukuba ukufeza umsebenzi zothintelo kwaye uqinisekise ukuba asters kuba akukho ngxi amanzi emhlabeni, ngoko ke abanye yeyona iintyatyambo ilungele ukuba negadi. Zinhle, eqhubela phambili elide yaye engazicingeli kakhulu.