Intsomi "I Swan, Pike kunye nomhlaza." Moral: ityala kufuneka enze ndawonye

Yiba I. intsomi Krylov kaThixo "I Swan, Pike kunye nomhlaza." Moral kodwa aziyi kuqwalaselwa. Masikhumbule ibhayisekile mihla. isofa New wathenga umntu ezama umzise indlu. Wanamathela esofeni - akukho phambili okanye ngasemva. Ndabuza ummelwane kwisiza uncedo. Ngokuzithandela wathatha. Ngoku etsala ndawonye. Bazama abut, kutsala, umbilo ephalazwe isichotho - kwakunye esofeni ilize. Ekugqibeleni isingqengqelo Master uthi: "Yonk '. Kwanele. Ndivakalelwa kukuba engazange wangena endlini. " Assistant umbuzo emangele: "?! Ngoko, zenza kube thina" ihlala intsomi kakhulu mlonyeni "I Swan, Pike kunye nomhlaza." Salo kwinkulungwane xxi kuba ezifanelekileyo njengoko XIX.

Enye iintsomi edume

Ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini zintsomi babhala umbhali isigqebelo. Kuyo nayiphi na umzuzu ikhona nobomi, wakwazi ukubona ukuba kukunyaba, ukuyigculela. Ukuba ucela nabani na odlulayo akanankathalo yi esitratweni, yintoni na intsomi IA Krylov uyakhumbula, ayithandabuzi ukuba igama ezimbalwa. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba kusekho intsomi "I Swan, Pike kunye nomhlaza." Similo, ukuba sikucela, siyazi ngokukhawuleza sirhoxe. Le ngxowa-mali ngegolide Russian Classic. Kodwa ngexesha lethu, oku yaba kaFaina Ranevskaya ukuba gnomic ngokuchanileyo, xa isivakalisi esinye, unako ukubeka phezu show uzizukise zomnye, njl Oku ke abafa ekuqaleni Z Filatov. Nendlela aphorisms ezininzi epigrams ezibhaliweyo Valentin Gaft! Not yaguqulelwa abantu Russian kwehlabathi ungabona nombono ezahlukeneyo iziganeko.

Indlela ukuqalisa ukubhala fabulist okuqaqambileyo?

Andizange noyifumana uhlobo apho akayi iya kulingana, IA Krylov. Okokuqala wabhala mdlalo of the opera, ntlekele, comedy - nemidlalo. Kwelinye zikwenza kubonakale ngathi wenza umlinganiswa ophambili (phantsi elinye igama, Kakade, kodwa kwacaca ukuba bexesha) edumileyo umbhali JB Knyazhnin. Xa comedy ophambili ikhonjiswa nge indida. Le ipowusta cartoon edlamkileyo funny ngonaphakade baxabana ekuchubekeni. Krylov iinzame aluphumelelanga ukupapasha iphephancwadi satirical, yaye waqhubeka ukubhala imidlalo, izincoko, iiphamflethi. Engaqondanga, kuyabonakala ukuba, uye wahlanganisa ngamava zoncwadi.

kuyabulala

Kwiminyaka 36 Krylov eMoscow wabonisa fabulist II Iinguqulelo Dmitriev yeentsomi La Fontaine kaThixo. Kukho ezimbini kuphela, kodwa Ivan Krylov inkxaso umdla kule uhlobo, esithi ekugqibeleni akuyifumana lwayo. Ivan Andreyevich waba Connoisseur olukhulu ulwimi Russian. Ukongeza, awayecinga bahlekwa kunye okubi kunye ukubalisa amabali yimizekeliso yamandulo. Nature wadala ukuba ukubhala zintsomi, yaye iye yapapashwa imisebenzi emithathu nehlekisayo ngo-1906, kwakhona wabhala imidlalo satirical waza waya comedy kwivesi. Ekugqibeleni ngo-1808 waya cinezela elinesixhenxe iintsomi yokuqala. Kunyaka olandelayo ipapasha umthamo eliquka zintsomi ezingamashumi amabini anesithathu. Wafumana impumelelo kakuhle nelilifaneleyo phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe, abaya kuqhubeka kunye ebomini ngaye. Nangona ugxekwa, NA Zhukovsky, uluntu ukufunda iye yayiqwalasela Krylov yantlandlolo, evelela ngayo kwezinye amanani zoncwadi siphiwo. imisebenzi yakhe abazange random imizobo iphefumlelwe. Wasebenza ngenyameko yonke intsomi, ngokunzulu eziguquguqula onke amazwi kunye neenkcukacha. Wayefuna ukuba nkulu emifutshane aphoristic, ngokugcina ngenyameko amazwi umchaze Russian. Abahlohli ekupheleni wentsomi eyenziwa ngocoselelo ukuze ngokukhawuleza wangena amaqhalo.

iimpembelelo zezopolitiko

Ngowe-1814, intsomi "I Swan, Pike noMhlaza" kwathiwa, ukuba isimilo lithathwe kwi tercet yokuqala. Kuye abazinikele kukuba uluntu Russian Ijalele yi sisenzo Alexander I, Amanyeneyo emva kwemfazwe ngo-'12. Intsomi yabhalwa kwi olwandulela Congress of Vienna, esenzeka emva, ngokucotha kakhulu, phantse ezisithoba iinyanga esina, iintsizi, esicacisa imida kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Kukho enye indlela. Ibonisa somahluko kwiBhunga State. uvuthondaba Indlela elibukhali kwi imeko yangoku Ekwazi oku emfutshane awayephila isincoko fabulist. Namhlanje, akukho kwezopolitiko ukufunda intsomi "I Swan, Pike kunye nomhlaza." Livuselele, njengokuba umthetho, ukwinqanaba indlu. Kodwa kusoloko kufuneka kufundwe njengokuthi ezibukhali ngezihloko kwezopolitiko.

intsomi Krylov kaThixo "I Swan, Pike kunye nomhlaza '

Lo msebenzi lwapapashwa ngo-1816 kwincwadi ethi "New Iintsomi." Kukho imiqolo elinambini. Kukho abalinganiswa ezintathu - intaka, intlanzi kunye સંસાધક isisebenzisi. Kufuneka baphathe inqwelo kunye nempahla kancinane. Yena enzima. Yonke kufuneka uye ngokukhawuleza kakuhle. Ngamnye ngendlela yakhe uzama kangangoko. Yaye musa ukuhamba. Ingxaki yeyokuba Swan liyachuma esibhakabhakeni. Kwaye ngenye indlela asikwazi. Umhlaza into ihamba ngendlela ekumele Raku - umva. Umhlobo wesithathu, Pike, Kakade ke, sibhekiswe emanzini. Yintoni na ukulunga yentsomi "I Swan, umhlaza kunye Pike?". Umbhali ke ufuna ityala. Uthi ngokucacileyo ukuba andimgwebi thina. Nokuba WHO, njengoko imi ndaweni-nye, umzamo, kungenxa yokuba eqhelekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe rhoqo, ngokubhekiselele kwisicwangciso enye. Kwaye ndidinga intloko, lowo uya kukuphulaphula bonke. Ukuba wonke umntu uya kwenza into ingqiqo yazo, ngoko akukho nto yenzekayo. Njengoko kwaye kuhle kunye unfortunates ezintathu. Leyo ke ubomi intsomi yokuziphatha ezilula "I Swan, umhlaza kunye Pike."