Umbhali Scottish Ien Benks: engobomi, ubuchule kunye neencwadi

umlobi yesayensi Scottish, idweliswe amahlanu best ababhali British Tarantino iincwadi, ngokutsho nabagxeki zoncwadi kunye iintatheli Ien Menzis Banks wazalwa ngoFebruwari 1954 kwidolophu Scottish ka Dunfermline. Bambalwa abantu abaye baphila iminyaka nje 59 ekhohlo kubo njengoko imemori kangangoko Benks Ien. biography emfutshane yokuhlala iincwadi kuphela. Igama Iena Benksa ogama asteroid.

Umbhali wayephila ngendlela efanayo njengoko wabhala - ngokunyaniseka. Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kuyo emhlabeni, nkqu siganeko obo-, zonke zenzeka ezimibalabala esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo - yesayensi. Noko ke, kangangethuba yesikolo eqhelekileyo ngokoqobo, wasebenza lukhulu. Zamabali umbhali wasayina njalo - Iain M. Banks, kodwa yokwenene - nje Ien Benks. izinto ezinjalo ukuba liqhekeke.

Izigaba ezinkulu

Ien Benks waphumelela kwiYunivesithi Stirling (University of Stirling), apho wayefunda IsiNgesi, ngezengqondo bulumko. Emva koko, wayephila eLondon de 1988, wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe ngowe-1992, batshata. Umtshato wayonwabile, kodwa sahlala iminyaka elishumi elinamine kuphela. Emva komtshato, Ien Benks ixesha elide ayikwazanga ukufunyanwa kunye neminyaka emine akazange ukupapasha imisebenzi yakhe.

Ngo-2013, waye wagula, ubone ugqirha wakho, yena wafunyaniswa umhlaza senyongo. Bendiya baziphatha njani umntu oqhelekileyo? Nzima ukutsho. ekugcineni abantu abaninzi khumbula ngayo ezinye iinkcukacha. Ien Benks wenza into eyahlukileyo. Azisa abalandeli umsebenzi wakhe, ukuba wayesifa ukufa, waza washiya ukuphila kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, ngoko ke bambuza nabaFarisi, ukuba ukuphazamisa.

Singayeki imisebenzi yoluntu, yena ngesiquphe watshata intombi yakhe yakudala. bekhubeka mhlawumbi uThixo, wawenza on Good Friday 2013, xa uYesu Kristu ebethelelwe emnqamlezweni. Kwaye mhlawumbi, phezu koko, eli nyathelo bestselling umbhali Ien Benks wayefuna ukunika uvuyo eminye le ndoda uThixo. Ukususela ngoMatshi 31 umbhali etshatile, yaye ngoJuni 9 layo sele iphelile. Too washiya ixesha elincinane ke ukuba nemihlali. Ien Benks akazange afune ukudanduluka ngosuku.

nokhetho eceleni

isicwangciso ezinjalo izenzo ome ngaphambili. Umzekelo, kwimeko yokundwendwela ngo-2003. Umbhali Scottish Benks Ien ingabaginyi ekhohlo-iphiko kwezopolitiko, oko kukuthi, imigaqo washumayela yi yezabaSebenzi Party of Great Britain, abazange amazwe kuye. inkokeli yabasebenzi Party no Prime Minister of England ngelo xesha Toni Bler - irekhodi, ngasendleleni, ixesha yokuhlala e eqeqesha naye kuphela Margaret Thatcher kungathelekiswa.

A isenzo yinqaba ngesizathu esihle. Ien Benks bephoxwa nkqubo kulandelwa yi-ofisi Toni Blera kaThixo. Njengoko khumbula, ngo-2003 ephawulwe kabuhlungu ngenxa ngokuhlaselwa Iraq i-United States kunye mfelandawonye, inxalenye eye, kunye United Kingdom. Umbhali edumileyo Benks Ien waphuka incwadi yakhe zoqhankqalazo kunye wathumela amaqhekeza Blair. Ukongeza, umbhali bekusoloko ukuba ukuzimela of Scotland waza wabeka isiginitsha yakhe kwesibhengezo, nto leyo umqalisi le Scottish Socialist Party.

humanoids Banks

Ngaphezu koko, abanomdla kwiincwadi zamabali, simanyene ngumbhali of "neNkcubeko" mjikelo. Thina ke waphuma apho sithetha supercivilization ngokupheleleyo imvelaphi irobhothi komhlaba, engeyiyo abantu ngengqiqo eqhelekileyo yeli gama. Basemoyeni zehlabathi kakhulu zagqitha kwabantu.

Ekuyileni bangalawuleki ityhila umbhali Benks Ien, ogama iincwadi yenza ukuba umfundi ukuba bafudukele kwilizwe starships esiphilayo, drones, Razumov (oomatshini abakrelekrele kakhulu ezihlala orbitalische ngalinye) kunye, Kakade ke, abameli iintlanga ezikrelekrele ivela eziphilayo.

Osisigxina Banks zehlabathi ngamakhubalo: apho awufi, akukho izifo, ehleliyo yoyiswa, ke ngoko, ukhenketho kunokuba nakanjani zikude, elifumileyo mali incinci ixesha, hayi umhlaba orbitalischa kwaye zamntu lwakhiwe izijikelezi-space apho ngokupheleleyo wonke mnqweno. Power njengokuba enjalo akakho, wadala njengoko kuyimfuneko (adhocracy) emihlabeni, nangeziphekepheke, emihlabeni, izijikelezi-langa.

Iingxaki kwesakhiwo

Xa wakha uluntu ntle yendyebo nendyebo (bona. Le nkqubo endala Yabasebenzi Party of Great Britain, kwakhona, isigama ngamaphupha abo, wangcatshwa undilibele), ibali umdla akayi kuba nako ukwakha kakubani Umbhali enye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, Banks, kakhulu, ayikwazanga ukwenza ngaphandle adventure kumaphepha iincwadi zakhe.

Umfundi baphathwa kwinoveli "Cinga Phlebas" iinkcubeko nobudlova, kwi "ukuzinkcinkca" - neziganeko, abeza kunye ne "ihlabathi ngaphandle", kwi "inversion" - kunye neempucuko anele ezikrelekrele. Umdla loo ngongoma, xa iinkcubeko amazwe usenjalo 1977, apho wahlangatyezwa kwethu ( "ubuchwepheshe yakutshanje"). Akukho iinoveli ngaphantsi umdla "isixhobo failsafe", "Beyond Ubumnyama", "algebraists" kunye "utshintsho" alibhekiseli kumjikelo "Culture".

"I Bukanomeva Factory"

Lo wokuqala bapapasha iincwadi Banks (1984), ikhadi lakhe ishishini. YaseRoma inkanuko, nzima kakhulu. Kubafundi nabagxeki musani idibana ngokuphathelele le ncwadi, kunye ngesimbo eziphambili ubuhle bali kukho ngokwayo zibonelelwa izigcawu sebali inkohlakalo nogonyamelo.

Apha ebalini, elivisayo ogama uFrank kudala ihlabathi yakhe encinane, nto leyo arrogates kwakuyo ilungelo ukubulala izinambuzane. Kwaye wenza ukuba emangalisayo kunye umlaza. indawo igadi yemifuno, koko wathi Island, uFrank ilawula abantu siphantsi Bukanomeva mveliso. Umntakwabo uEric ulibalekayo yabagula ngengqondo yaye uthembisa ukuba kungekudala. UFrank babemlindile, behamba bejikeleza siqithi, kunye umfundi, lowo ufunda ngakumbi nangakumbi malunga bazalwana, yaye ngengqondo kufuneka izizathu zabo icace. Kodwa ke umfundi uya endleleni yonke - ngokupheleleyo.

"Unomyayi Road"

Le ncwadi yapapashwa kwiminyaka-12 emva kokuba "mveliso Aspen", kwaye ngeli xesha Banks yaba zingabonakali ukusuka imigca yokuqala. Le inoveli enabantu kakhulu ngakumbi - a Saga usapho, apho umlinganiswa ngamnye indlela yakhe ngokusebenzisa ezahlukeneyo adventures - ekufeni xa uqhele ukuba abalinganiswa Ian Banks.

Ukongeza yokuvulwa ihlabathi zengqondo obusezintongeni ezo heroes, Banks izisa ukuchaza imizobo ezininzi ezintle Scotland, eziku iintetho ngokwaneleyo malunga imfazwe e-Iraq kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Nohlolo "Unomyayi Indlela" Kwakhona izimvo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa zonke uphawu inzala. Ngokwale ncwadi kule minyaka 90 yenziwa loo manqaku.

"Ukuhamba ku Glass"

Apha ibali uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu njengako izihloko, yonke enxulumene umdlalo, apho oluntu nokuphila, kunye nezesondo. Lokuqala - ibali weendawo malunga zesiqhelo uthando unxantathu, okwesibini phantasmagoric, ixelela ibali amagqala emfazwe ezahlukeneyo intergalactic ukuba ungakwazi ukushiya inqaba ude uphendule umbuzo obuzwa kubo. Kaloku, nowesithathu, njengesiqhelo - phezu psyche.

Nangona ngokungaqheleki nokubhaleka kunye whimsicality sokwakha ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga abalinganiswa, umfundi ngcembe icacise chain ubhalo, kuza ukuqonda ukuba ngenye nabantu ngokwabo le yokugcina yaye musani akhokele. Iba umdla kumfundi ukuba bana phandle ngokwakho ukuba uhlobo kweenkqubo ziya kutsiba kuso phantsi iimeko zangoku kakhulu ngendlela efanayo?

"Ingoma of Stone"

Eli xesha, umbhali ukhethe abalinganiswa ezifanelekileyo yangasemva uphando ngokwasengqondweni - apha imfazwe, apho kulula kakhulu ukuba awe izimilo kunye nabantu lukhuni ukuba irhamncwa-ngokufana. War kakhulu kangako zasekhaya kunye yoluntu, njengoko nengcwangu sonke thina siyazi,. Siqwalasela ezimbini hero ombambazelayo - uAbheli kunye nomfazi wakhe Morgan, abangazange ukuphatha ukuba abaleke ngamajoni. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuba esihogweni, nangona ukuba ekhaya, enqabeni yakhe. Zombini oonobumba benza njengoko kufanele abantu umbutho yokuziphatha: kumlukuhla kwaye yokulahlekisa nabanyuliweyo, ubuxoki, amnikele kwaye ufekethe kubalungisa, omnye nomnye.

"Isidlali"

Lo msebenzi - iincwadi zamabali Iain M. Banks zakutshanje. I inoveli yesibini malunga super-ephucuke i "neNkcubeko" series. Kwakhona, umdlalo intergalactic, ophambili yenoveli - Gurdjieff. Iqhuba umsebenzi egameni leSebe iimeko ezizodwa yaye kufuneka athathe inxaxheba adventure engakholelekiyo. Empire imidlalo - Azad, yaye lowo uphumeleleyo somdlalo iya isithsaba asebukhosini. Kuziwa Ubonakalisa ingqikelelo lwekamva. yonke Umjikelo we "nenkcubeko" isimbo nokuba ngokubhala zahluke kakhulu kuzo zonke ezinye iincwadi ezibhaliweyo Ien Benks. Ukuphonononga ababodwa liciko kunye neencwadi amaninzi phantsi onke lamagama awo.