Armenia Garni (itempile). The Republic of Armenia ezinika

The Republic of eArmenia kunye ezinika apho inani kumawaka, kuba impendulo liciko - "Ilizwe Museum". Kweli lizwe ephucuke yamandulo kanye nempumelelo ukuba washiya kwiitempile zobuhedeni. Kodwa sites zamaKristu engcwele ezininzi eArmenia. Ojikelezayo ezweni lonke onokufaniswa kusiyiwa - kukho imizi emininzi kangaka kunye amabandla kunye icon ngokungummangaliso.

Ikomkhulu Armenia - Yerevan. Esi sixeko mandulo kakhulu. Kodwa ngaphandle kwi State azikho iindawo umdla ingqalelo. Akwenzeki ukuba ufihle ubuhle bendalo Armenia. South Caucasus ne Ararati (apho, ngokutsho legend, lawela emva koMkhukula, Inqanawa kaNowa), Ichibi Sevan, komwonyo ka Garni - oku uluhlu olupheleleyo ezinika. Bonke bephela kuye kwatsala ngabakhenkethi abavela kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga izinto, nto leyo uyazingca Armenia - Garni.

udonga

Igama enjalo kweli lizwe, kukho izinto ezininzi. Okokuqala, kwilali Garni. Kuyinto eekhilomitha ezingamashumi amabini anesibhozo kuphela Yerevan. Le kufuphi kwikomkhulu kwenza kube zawo ezingqongileyo kubakhenkethi kakhulu batyelela. Ifunyanwa kwilali kummandla Kotayk (Armenia). Garni - nayo gorge emazantsi ophuma umlambo Azat. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba kukho imiqolo emihlanu kwaye ezinamacala phezulu. Le gorge idume iitempile zayo zombini. Azikho ezinxulumene omnye asiyonto unqulo olunye okanye ukulandelelana kweziganeko.

Omnye wabo - itempile yamandulo yobuhedeni. Kwakhona uzalela igama Garni. Itempile yesibini - lamaKristu. Ibizwa ngokuba Geghard. Ekubeni bobabini izakhiwo sacral ibekwe kufuphi enye kwenye, ukuba kutyelelwa kwinkqubo tour. UNYE umdibanise - ubukho kufuphi kwemiwonyo ndawo yokudlela. Njengomgaqo, ukuhamba-arhente, ngezinti kwiitempile abakhenkethi bemisa apha lesidlo sasemini. Ukongeza izitya emnandi kwase Armenian, apha unako iingoma esizwe nemidaniso eyenziwa ngamaqela abaqeqeshiweyo.

Garni lamaqaba: imbali

Armenia lamkela ngamaKristu okuqala kakhulu - ngenkulungwane yesithathu. Kodwa kweli lizwe, ingaqhelekanga, waqhubeka amaqaba. Kuye kwanikezelwa Mithras - uthixo kwelanga. Ekutshatyalalisweni kwetempile usindiswa kukuba oko kwindawo qhinga. Temple womelela yamandulo (Hellenic) era ekuqaleni. Kuye kusetyenziswa inqaba kumaXesha Aphakathi de inyikima 1679 zange ziziqhuqhe iindonga yamandla. Kumaxesha Soviet, kwinqaba iShushan yabuya yaphila, yaba imyuziyam.

Ngokutsho kwibhodi ngoonobumba efumaneka Garni, phambi kokuba itempile Mithras kwakukho sele inqaba. King of Urartu Argishti (lowo wakha enqabeni Erebuni Yerevan elizayo) waphumelela oko kwisiqingatha sokuqala BC ngenkulungwane yesibhozo. A itempile Garni wamisa ngukumkani Armenian Trdat kuqala ngo-76 AD. khona uNero ukhankanya. Xa itempile labakhonzi injongo eyenzelwe yona, oko kukuthi, ngokungafaniyo iitempile ezininzi zabahedeni zange zitshatyalaliswe okanye iguqulelwa ibandla lamaKristu. Yakha nje yafakwa iinqaba. ookumkani Armenian wenza Garni yakhe yokuhlala ehlotyeni ngezizathu yemozulu onobabalo gorge nokungafumaneki ndawo. Kumawaka eminyaka inqaba waziphendulela abemi balo ukusuka ayehlasela iintshaba.

Iimpawu ze indawo inqaba Garni

Temple of Mithras kumanyelwe mmandla. Le ise komwonyo of Garni eArmenia, apho umlambo Azat yenza ijika elibi kwaye yenza a ekapa ngunxantathu. Kule wamvusa iqonga waza wamisa itempile. Kumacala omabini kweendonga imixawuka le gorge zezona ukhuseleko isebenzayo izakhiwo. amathambeka Amazing yale nomtsalane zendalo, ekhangeleka ngathi kwenziwe zizandla zabantu prism amathandathu, ebizwa zizikhokelo eziza SaseArmenia "Symphony of Amatye".

Apho utshaba uza bangaya inqaba, oko wakha udonga kungenakugqithwa kunye elinesine iinqaba ukuzithethelela. Akha edyokhweni. Apho utshaba ukubabona ukusondela iindonga, ezinde bebekwe leemitha ezilishumi, yaye apho kunzima - kwi 25-30 m Nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba ikampu enkulu ubukhulu, ukuze ngaphakathi kwinqaba iShushan kungaba kuphela ngokusebenzisa elimxinwa enye. isango ububanzi wenqwelo omnye.

Garni inqaba

sisondela nje le kwinqaba iShushan, njengoko kunjalo "iimpukane" phezu komhlaba ejikelezileyo, omnye ehlaselwa nezigcaliselo abakhi ephakathi. Nkqu okumangalisayo ngakumbi kufika xa usondela nqaba ngokusondeleyo. iinqaba zayo kunye neendonga ezakhiwe ukusuka iibhloko emikhulu kakuhle aqingqiweyo abangelwe oluhlaza. Iibhloko zange abe eqiniselweendlwini, isisombululo kunye ezityiwa enxulumene kuphela beentanda yaye zizaliswe ilothe. Ububanzi beendonga nqaba kweemitha ngaphezu ezimbini! Ecaleni odonga ukomeleza twa ezimakhulu mathathu elinesine eemitha. Oku kwandisa ukhuseleko zaye zibangelwa imo eliphezulu kwinqaba iShushan, leyo wakhonza kuyo ehlobo ookumkani, kwakunye ekuhlaseleni, ngelo xesha yathotyelwa kwimeko Armenia. Garni ngenkalipho kwawona onke amabango zonke iintshaba.

indlu ka Mithras

Esi sakhiwo yamandulo yakhiwa kwi isimbo lamaGrike. Temple Gurnee sisigqeba encinane ebuxande engqongwe ngaphandle nenkundla. Embindini kwesakhiwo kukho iholo kunye ose- apho lamaKristu era oqingqiweyo ka Mithras. Etempileni kukho kwevaranda encinane, umnyango apho eli laziwa alkhuni. Ukuze enyukela amanyathelo olungaphambili ebanzi, ukuphakama ngamnye kubo - iisentimitha mathathu. Le ubume itempile ibe komthendeleko kunye nobuhle. Ke ukuba izinto ezincinane lokubhalela, ukuphambuka ezandothusayo izimiso yomhombiso yamaGrike izakhiwo ezingcwele. Kunye Atlanteans phezu imikrolo ye iipayiloni namagqabi acanthus, imihlathi Buzz, laqalisa mibala zesizwe: iintyatyambo, neediliya, amagqabi Hazel, neerharnate.

sesigodlo

Le nkqubo ibandakanya Iihambo itempile Garni yi hayi isiqwenga kuphela. Ngapha koko, ecaleni izakhiwo engcwele ezinye izinto ezinomdla ngokulinganayo. Kwelinye icala lisuke emnyango kwinqaba iShushan yi ibhotwe, hayi kanye mandithi, into eseleyo kuwo. Ngomhla umzila ipeyinti ebomvu kwaye pink ezindongeni nga uzakhela lobungangamsha nasemagumbini zasebukhosini. Ngelo eweni yi iholo enkulu. izakhiwo ezikufutshane, owaba lokuqondisa kaNdikhoyo ekampini kunye nezindlu abakhonzi nodonga esemantla inqaba. Bekukho phakathi ebhotwe yamandulo iibhate. la maqula zakhiwa ungadlulanga ngenkulungwane yesithathu, yaye ibe amagumbi amahlanu. Ngomhla emgangathweni maqula ezigcinwe mosaic yamandulo.

Gegard

Lo - enye yoonongendi idumileyo kwiRiphabliki Armenia. Garni kunye Geghard zikufutshane noko omnye komnye. Ngoko ke, abakhenkethi, siyokundwendwela kwitempile yamandulo, uze tyelela weemonki lamaKristu. Isigodlo bazi phantsi kwephiko le-UNESCO. Oku kuvele ekuqaleni esingokwamkelwa ubuKristu eArmenia. Ngelo xesha, ngowe-301, kwaba eziliqela emiqolombeni, zaba nemikrolo waya engxondorheni ngaphantsi iseli, apho kwakuhlala hermits. Kukholelwa ukuba woonongendi babehlala kunye uGregory i Illuminator. Ekuqaleni ibandla ilitye ngenkulungwane weshumi sakhiwa Mkhargrdzeli abathetheli imali apha. Kodwa emva kwenkulungwane yesine eweni kwamanye amabandla bathathu oqingqiweyo kuye. Woonongendi lidume ukuba amangcwaba neenkosana.

The Republic of Armenia ezinika

Garni and Gegard - hayi kuphela kweli lizwe umdla kubakhenkethi. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo abaninzi Armenian ziqwalaselwa xa imali yayo. Yerevan kufuneka ubone Grand Cascade, Blue Mosque, Erebuni Fortress. Ukuya kwidolophu encinane Areni, uya kuvuzwa kunye nokungcamlwa of the best iwayini Armenian. Kukho iitempile ezininzi zamandulo nezigodlo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kutyelela - Noravank, Haghpat, Gegardavank, Tatev, Sevan kunye Khor Virap.