Archimedes - yezibalo Greek, wathi "Eureka"

Archimedes - a yezibalo Greek, wathi "Eureka." Ngomnye kakhulu izazinzulu odumileyo ukususela mandulo. imisebenzi yophando Archimedes ingafiki nje yezibalo, njengoko abantu abaninzi becinga. Scientist wazibonakalisa kwicandelo zemvelo ngeenkwenkwezi, nezixhotyana bade. Wadala izinto eziye zasetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zabantu, ukusuka kwezolimo kwimicimbi yasemkhosini. Ezinye iinxalenye oluphuhliswe kaArchimedes asisiseko ezininzi izixhobo zanamhlanje. Umzekelo, "Archimedes Screw" lisetyenziswa ngabenzi eziphathekayo kunye ziyeke iintokazi inyama. Le Isazinzulu yamandulo yamaGrike wayengomnye amanani angumqondiso kwi inkcubeko kunye nembali jikelele.

A biography kangako

Archimedes, sezibalo yamandulo yamaGrike, wathi "Eureka", wazalwa ngo-287 BC yaseSyracuse. Nguyise wale ndoda Phidias - ngeenkwenkwezi wezibalo. Yaba Pope ukususela ebuntwaneni ekuqaleni owafaka inzala yabo uthando lwezenzululwazi, ingakumbi ngeenkwenkwezi, imathematika nezixhotyana.

E Egypt, Alexandria, ingcali yezibalo yamaGrike, yena wathi "Eureka", sadibana izazinzulu ezaziwayo-kakuhle ngaloo mihla: Conon kunye Eratosthenes. Kamva, ngaphambi kokuba isiphelo sobomi bakhe Archimedes kwakuhambisana ezi zidalwa. yamachiza Greek owayehlala zebhola Library of Alexandria. Yaba engaphezu kwama-700 amawaka ngqangi. Ngokucacileyo, oku kulapho Archimedes wayefunda imisebenzi Democritus kunye Eudoxus, kwakunye nezinye geometry eyaziwayo Greece yamandulo.

Kodwa e Alexandria, ISAZINZULU ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Kungekudala wabuyela eSisili. YaseSyracuse, yena, kunye ingqalelo kumntu, kunye nenkxaso-mali. Njengoko kaArchimedes waphila ixesha elide, uninzi izibakala ngobomi bakhe ngokusondeleyo edibene amavo neembono, ngoko ke kunzima ukuqonda inyaniso noko ayikho. Yamandulo Isazinzulu isiGrike Njengomhlaziyi elihle oomatshini kunye nogqirha, kodwa kwimathematika wayenza ubomi bakhe bonke.

Ilizwi adumileyo sisazinzulu

Bonke abantu bayazi into yezibalo zamandulo zamaGrike wathi "Eureka", kodwa ingakumbi kakuhle yaziwe ngabantu abaninzi, phantsi kweziphi iimeko kwenzeka. Okumangalisayo qambo sesayensi ibe imbangela ukuba amavo neyavela ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Ngoko ke, kukho ibali ethandwayo indlela Archimedes wakwazi ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba Hiero ukumkani isithsaba wenza ngokupheleleyo ngegolide okanye ilwela othengisa yayo indalo ezixutywe izinto ezixabisekileyo nesiliva.

igolide ihlukane wayesaziwa, kodwa nokubanzima umbuzo ukuya mlligrams elikufutshane ukuqinisekisa isixa isixhasi, ukususela emise okudodobalisa isithsaba. Archimedes ayikwazanga ukusombulula le ngxaki. Ngenye imini, xa ehlamba kwigumbi lokuhlambela, waza wawabetha ingcamango: Thambisa imveliso, uyakwazi ukucwangcisa umthamo wayo, Walinganisa umthamo ulwelo abalahlekelwa nto.

Ngokutsho legend, Archimedes kwi benganxibanga wabalekela esitratweni ngonkqangazo olukhulu of "Eureka!", Oko kukuthi "Found nto!". Yiloo nto ke umthetho iphambili hydrostatics liye lavulwa ngawo lo mzuzu.

uphando lwezenzululwazi

Ubukhulu becala isayensi wenze sezibalo zamandulo zamaGrike. "Eureka" wayedume ingxelo yakhe kuphela. Kwakhona, bonke basixelela amavo: Hiero njengesipho kukumkani waseYiputa, Ptolemy wakha inqanawa obutofotofo ebizwa ngokuba "Sirokosiya". Kodwa inqanawa ayikwazanga ukungena emanzini. Archimedes owakha wokuphakamisa izinto chain - inkqubo iibhloko, awangqinelwa ngawo ukuba enze umsebenzi ngentshukumo ngesandla mnye. Nje lo mcimbi yaba namkhusane omnye binzana yakhe edumileyo: "Ndinike indawo fulcrum kwaye ndiza kuhamba eMhlabeni!.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga sezibalo

yezibalo Greek, wathi "Eureka", Archimedes, waba yimbangi lwezinto ngaphezulu kwe ezine elinesibini. Ngoko ke sungula isilinge elifutha amatye 250-kilogram. Abanye abaphengululi mihla bakholelwa ukuba lo mntu liqulunqe umpu.

Imbeko kulo mntu elikrelekrele emgodini, eli litye kunye nezitalato kwizixeko ezifana Amsterdam, Nizhny Novgorod, seDonetsk, i Dnieper, kwaye, kakade, ummandla yaseSirakuse.

Leibniz kanye wenza ibinzana ukuba ukufunda ngenyameko imisebenzi nzulu, ezifunyaniswe wew kuphinda kuthathwa njengento entsha. Kwaye ngenene, omnye iwaka enesiqingatha iminyaka, uninzi izibalo yamaGrike amandulo yaphindwa yi Newton kunye Leibniz ngaloo ndlela.

buchopho ukufa

Ihlabathi liphela uyayazi into yezibalo yamandulo yamaGrike, wenza ezininzi ezeza nezi. Ngubani na Archimedes, nkqu abantwana bayazi. Kwaba ngokwenene yingqondi. Ubomi bakhe enxitywe iimfihlelo namabali. Noko ke, ukufa ISAZINZULU ayikho ngaphandle iimfihlelo yayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukholelwa amazwi Ioanna Tsetsa, a sezibalo ukuphakama enye mlo kufutshane nekhaya lakhe waza wacinga imizobo eyenziwe nguye phezu kwentlabathi, leyo elele endleleni. ijoni laseRoma wabaleka ecaleni waphumela kumzobo. Emva koko Archimedes kuhlatywa "Musani ukubachukumisa imizobo" indulumbane nejoni. Ngenxa yoko, eli joni endala wabulala kwimathematika ezibandayo egazini.