Apatity. LeZimbiwa. Inkcazelo, izakhiwo, amabala, kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Apatity - izimbiwa phosphate kunye nendalo, aziwayo kakhulu ehlabathini weqela labo. ngokubanzi asetyenziswe ngayo ukuvelisa izichumisi kwezimbiwa, yaye kangangexesha elithile zisetyenziswa inxaxheba ekudalweni ubucwebe. ezimbiwa nesindindeneyo izuza nenkangeleko entle kakhulu kwaye amaxesha amaninzi wadlula off njengelitye exabiseke kakhulu semi-anqabileyo, umzekelo, netopazi. Hayi ngelize amaGrike ebizwa apatite «ἀπατάω», leyo yaguqulelwa isuka kwisiLatini lithetha "ukudlala."

Chemical ukubunjwa

izimbiwa abaliqela kwiklasi ye phosphate zibizwa ngokuba apatite. Formula compound bokwakha izimbiwa - Ca ₁₀ (PO _{4) 6} (OH, Cl, F) _2. Eyona idumileyo ke kweentlobo ezintathu: hydroxo, chlorine kunye fluorapatite. Kuxhomekeka kule olungumgubo baya iyohluka kuchazwe ngasentla. Umxholo ikhalsiyam oxide (cao) kunye phosphorus imalunga 53-56% ne-41% ngokulandelelana. Okunye kuvele kwi inani elincinane fluorine, chlorine, ngamanye amaxesha carbonate, kunye ukungcola ezahlukeneyo.

Ngendlela esulungekileyo apatite akukho mbala. shades ezahlukileyo yezimbiwa sakuba adlulisela ukungcola. Umzekelo, manganese nendibaniselwano ezahlukeneyo imibala ziikristale in pink, ezimfusa, ezibuhlazarha-mthubi, neodymium kunye nesinyithi - nokugqithisa nomsi tone ebengezelayo.

iipropati ngokomzimba

Glass ayenechaphothi, ukwaphulwa mgaqweni, texture olunamafutha kwi iitshiphusi, ubu - iimpawu eye apatite. Class izimbiwa on the Mohs isikali yi 5. uxakeke gqitha, kodwa akwanelanga ukuba izacholo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. iglasi ke ubunzima obukhulu nga phina okanye imela usiko. Ubunzima ezithile yi 3.2 g / cm ^3. Kwenzeka ngokwemvelo ngendlela ziikristale exonxiweyo ezi prismatic ngokubanzi, tabular okanye inaliti-ngaphantsi njalo na kukhuhlwe nkqo emiphethweni. Lidla yakha lokubolekwa okuziinkozo-crystalline ashinyeneyo kunye concretions, ubunzima ngokomthamo esiqinileyo zodongwe.

Apatite: imvelaphi wokumbiwa

Izimbiwa evela kwiqela apatites na isincedisi esele ifakiwe kule ekwakhiweni kwi imali encinane yamatye (ngaphantsi kwe-1%). Ngoko ke, lo engundoqo ke, aluchaphazeli yokuhlela. Crystallization kuba phantse zonke igneous, ingakumbi ialakalin acidic. Apatites - lamprophyres icandelo uphawu Carbonatites. Zinyamezela kwiimeko supergene. Apatites ezi esiku rocks clastic ngentlenga kunye neeminerali placers.

Le ziikristale nga akhule ubukhulu. Le iisampulu inkulu kwafunyanwa Quebec (Canada), elinye lawo ubunzima 5443 kg yaye malunga nobukhulu 2.13 ukuya 1.22 m. Bezimbiwa yenye iisimboli zesizwe eli lizwe.

idiphozithi

Apatity - minerals iidipozithi leyo kwi isikali mveliso - into kunokuba inqabile. Oyifake inkulu ukwakweli Kola Peninsula yaye ubizwa ngokuba "Khibiny". Kule ndawo iveliswa apatite esikrwada, enamakhulu ngokuyintloko na fluorine apatite kunye nepheline. Ukongeza, kukho intsimi e Yakutia (Seligdarskoye), Buryatia (Beloziminskoe, Oshurkovskoe), Urals (Ilmen Iintaba), kummandla zamanzi.

Apatites rock ngentlenga (phosphate rock) i-90% yetotali oovimba behlabathi ekrwada phosphate. iidipozithi zabo eMntla Afrika: Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia, Western Sahara, Morocco.

Le ziikristale ezifanelekileyo imveliso izacholo iya geni Finland, India, eJamani, Norway, Czech Republic, eUnited States, Myanmar naseBrazil. La mazwe mabini yokugqibela baziwa ngokuba kwiintlobo entle iliso ikati bezimbiwa ngayo.

Apatite in ubucwebe

Apatite - iimpawu izimbiwa kunye nenkangeleko leyo evumela ukusetyenziswa kushishino jewelry. Lubonakala yi brittleness, nobulukhuni phantsi, ukuze ndingangi ezomeleleyo njengamatye semi-anqabileyo, kwaye ifuna sengqondo ngenyameko. Ukongeza, yezimbiwa ezibuthathaka kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokukhanya kwelanga (asiqhubeki, kuphelelwa).

Ngokwenza izinto usebenzisa apatite transparent, ngokufuthi emthubi okanye oluhlaza. Kwathi izimbiwa Pure ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ahlabayo. Hayi cabochon ilitye transparent ngokupheleleyo phantsi. Le ndlela ethile aqingqiweyo, apho oko unenxaxheba imilo khaxa kunye kumphezulu kakuhle egudisiweyo.

UMhombiso ne apatite ezi kunokuba iimveliso ubuhle enomtsalane original ixhomeke kumgangatho unyango. Bezisa izacholo, namaso, nemisesane, namacici, namajikazi, nezidanga, njl wayedla ngokudibene matye wambi, esebenzisa amatye anqabileyo. Noko ke, umntu kufuneka uliqaphele fakes phandle. Beryl, tourmaline, netopazi, njl -. Kumnandi ke kubo ngezinye nesindindeneyo ngaphaya bezimbiwa apatite elungileyo.

Ixabiso le mveliso

Iindleko kundikhumbuza adornments apatite kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, umgangatho ilitye, indlela yayo inkqubo, wonqanyulwa, ukuxhasa izinto. Ngokomzekelo, amaso njengoko kwifoto, ubude ka-40 cm ezi ngaphakathi 1000-1500 engange. Stone ayikho selubala, lo cut kakhulu elula, walondoloza ubuhle bendalo, kwaye ukungafani le imibala kwezimbiwa.

Noko ke, ezinye apatite ebiza kakhulu. E Ontario (Canada) geni gem-umgangatho bezimbiwa eluhlaza (ngamanye amaxesha ngokundibamba emsi okanye umnquma) umbala. Wathengisa ngayo phantsi igama lorhwebo ezaziwayo-kakuhle "Trillium". Stone enobunzima carats-10 emva kokuba kusikwe ubukhulu kuqikelelwa kwi ngaphezu kwewaka eerandi.

Iimpawu omlingo apatite

Zeenkwenkwezi ngokomoya bayathanda ukuba bathi ezinye iimpawu omlingo yezimbiwa ezahlukeneyo. Apatite Sililitye uxolo nenzolo. Wayesithi ngokweempawu ezizodwa nokuzinziswa isimo sengqondo kunye nasemphefumlweni umntu, esizisa ilizwi e-nervous system. Kulo mba, abavumisi ngeenkwenkwezi bacebisa ukunxiba imiqondiso yakhe lomlilo lasezulwini, umlinganiswa ezahlukeneyo ugonyamelo kunye eshushu: Lions, Aries kunye Sagittarius. Kodwa sele ukuzola Pisces, Aquarius kunye imihlaza ayikhuthazwa. Apatite uzenze zezenzi, ecubhukile kalujaca.

Sebenzisa kwezolimo

Kudala kwaziwa ukuba apatite - wenzala izimbiwa, ukuze indawo engundoqo sicelo ezolimo. Phosphorus - yenye yeendima eziphambili Imichiza, njengoko kutshiwo ngasentla. Njengoko usazi, lwesi sakhi kubalulekile nje kuphela abantu kodwa izityalo. Ukumila iibhloko zokwakha izinto eziphilayo, oko libandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezininzi eziphilayo.

Apatity - izimbiwa, kuba ukuvelisa izichumisi phosphate yezimbiwa yendalo umbandela iqala. okubonakalayo zisetyenziselwa le njongo ixesha elide. Ukususela kwinkulungwane yama-20, yakhiwe kwaye isebenza iintlobo zezityalo xa kusingathwa kwezimbiwa. Enye yezona zinkulu - yi Hibinsky ukudibanisa "Apatite", waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-1929 ngokusekelwe inkulu yasendle oyile ehlabathini.