Annensky Innokentiy: engobomi, ilifa lokudala

Ziyahlelwa imbongi Annenskogo Inokentiya Fedorovicha (1855-1909) ngokukhethekileyo ngohlobo lwayo. Wapapasha ingqokelela yakhe yokuqala yemibongo (kwaye kuphela ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi) eneminyaka eyi 49 phantsi mbumbulu UNick. T on.

Imbongi ekuqaleni wayenenjongo ethi "Ukususela emqolombeni Polyphemus 'ukuya kwisihloko kwaye khetha isibizo Utis intsingiselo in Greek" hayi "(njengoko Odysseus laqalisa Cyclops Polyphemus). Kamva ingqokelela ngokuba "Iingoma Angawokuphumla". Alexander Blok, ubengamazi ngubani waba yimbangi le ncwadi, ingqalelo kuyathandabuzeka ezinjalo lithiwe pahaha. Wabhala ukuba imbongi ngathi ungamngcwabi umntu phantsi imaski, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba ulahlekile phakathi iincwadi ezininzi. Mhlawumbi, kule ulahliwe uthobekileyo kufuneka zijonge "Intlungu ibuhlungu?" Kakhulu

Imvelaphi wembongi, kwasebutsheni bakhe

Imbongi elizayo wazalelwa eOmsk. Abazali bakhe (cm. In the photo ngezantsi) Kungekudala safudukela eSt Petersburg. Innokentiy Annensky e ngobomi bakhe wabhala ukuba wachitha ebuntwaneni kwindawo idibanisa abaqeshisi kunye nezinto ingenalo novelwano. Wayemthanda ndisemncinane ukuba abandakanyeke uncwadi kunye nembali, waziva Ukwehluleka yonke banal, ecacileyo sabaqalayo.

Le vesi yokuqala

Innokentiy Annensky waqala ukubhala umbongo ekuqaleni. Ekubeni ingqiqo ka "umqondiso" kwi 1870s, ke ndingaziwa kuye, wacinga yena oyinqaba. UAnn itsale "uhlobo lonqulo" B. E. Murillo, ngomzobi Spanish kwenkulungwane ye-17. Wazama olu hlobo, "ukuba amagama."

Imbongi entsha, icebiso umkhuluwa wakhe, yena waye intatheli odumileyo kunye yezoqoqosho (N. F. Annensky), wagqiba ukuba kwiminyaka engama-30 kufuneka ukushicilelwa. Ngoko ke, amalinge zakhe zesihobe azizange ziyilelwe ukuba aprintwe. Innokentiy Annensky wabhala umbongo ukwenzela ukuphucula izakhono zabo bazenze sele njengoko imbongi oqolileyo.

Kwezemfundo kwi-University of

Uphononongo lidala neelwimi yamandulo kwiminyaka yakhe eyunivesithi ngexesha ebekubhalwa athathelwe indawo. Njengoko wavuma Innokentiy Annensky, kule minyaka wabhala nto kodwa zomgunyathi. "Zokufundiswa-zolawulo" izinto zaqala emva eyunivesithi. Ngokutsho antichnikov-oogxa, yena ephazamisa Innocent Fedorovich ukusuka kwizifundo zenzululwazi. A novelwano yesihobe bakhe babecinga ukuba aphazamise umsebenzi.

Bt njengendlela umhlalutyi

Innokentiy Annensky wangenela njengelithi umhlalutyi. Wapapasha ngo sharing-1880-1890 inani lamanqaku ezisingelwe iincwadi ikakhulu Russian ngenkulungwane ye-19. Ngo-1906 kwakukho "incwadi ukukhanya," yokuqala ngo-1909 - owesibini. Le yingqokelela ugxekwa, esibonakala ngokuba umbono impressionistic uayldovskim subjectivism kunye neyethu associative-ezimile. Innocent Fedorovich wagxininisa ukuba umfundi kuphela, hayi umhlalutyi.

Iinguqulelo neembongi French

UAnn-imbongi yeengcaphephe bakhe bakholwa Symbolists isiFrentshi, ngubani ngokuzithandela iguqulelwe lukhulu. Ukongeza ekwandiseni ulwazi lolwimi lwabo, wabona emagqabini ekuphuculeni inovakalelo ubuhle ukuba baye banda isikali ukushukumisa wobugcisa. A icandelo elibalulekileyo le-Inxalenye yokuqala yemibongo Ann wenza iinguqulelo neembongi baseFransi. Of Russian ekufutshane Innocent Fedorovich waba KD Balmont, okubangele omangali- umbhali "Cwaka Songs". Ann kakhulu musicality kunye "bhetyebhetye omtsha 'kolwimi lwakhe lwemibongo.

Zincwadi cofa symbolist

Innokentiy Annensky baqhubeka ubomi ngokwanelisayo wedwa zoncwadi. Ngexesha Ukuhlasela esiphangweni, yaye akazange waluthethelela ilungelo ubukho ubugcisa "entsha". Ann akazange inxaxheba iimbambano vnutrisimvolistskih ngakumbi.

Ngo 1906 kubandakanya upapasho lokuqala Innocent Fedorovich kumaphephandaba symbolist ( "Sondelani" magazini). Enyanisweni, ekungeneni kwakhe bume symbolist i kwenzeka kuphela kunyaka ophelileyo wobomi.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Umgxeki kunye mbongi Innokentiy Annensky emandiyenze ngo "zemibongo Academy". Kwakhona yaba lilungu le "Society of amarhamente yokuvakalisa zobugcisa", esebenze lo magazini "Apollo". Kumaphepha eli phephancwadi wapapasha inqaku ngu Ann, leyo kubizwa inkqubo - "The lyricism mihla".

ihlelo Kubala "sihlahla Chest"

intlokoma Wide e Symbolist kwizangqa yabangela ukufa kwakhe ngequbuliso. Kwisikhululo Tsarskoye Selo Innokentiy Annensky wafa. ngobomi bakhe kwagqitywa, Noko ke, ubomi lokudala kuphuhliswa ngakumbi emva kokufa. Phakathi iimbongi abaselula, kufutshane "Apollo" (orientation ikakhulu Acmeist, leyo ugxeke Symbolists ngenxa yo- Annensky), waqalisa ukuba yehlelo lakhe Kubala. iinyanga 4 emva kokufa Innocent Fedorovich yaba ingqokelela yesibini kwizibongo nemibongo yakhe. Nyana imbongi, VI-Ann Krivich, owaba umbhali yakhe, umhleli kunye umsasazi, iye yagqitywa "sihlahla ibhokisi" (ingqokelela wabelithiyiwe kuba ngqangi Ann zaphinda agcinwe ibhokisi ngemisipres). Kukho isizathu ukucinga ukuba ukuthanda yombhali, walandela uyise akusoloko ixesha.

Innokentiy Annensky, ogama imibongo ekudleni kwakhe ubomi abazange babe ithandwa enkulu kunye nokukhululwa "sihlahla ibhokisi" soyisiwe udumo kakuhle yayibafanele. Blok wabhala le ncwadi ungena nzulu entliziyweni aze amxelele lukhulu ngaye. Bruce, ngubani ngaphambili wakhankanya kwi "amathayara" yeenguqu, uthelekiso, iziphawuli kunye nje amazwi ezikhethwe kwincwadi ethi "Songs Angawokuphumla", sele sabonisa indlela merit ukuqina akunakwenzeka ukuba bangazi le Innocent Fedorovich ezilandelayo iivesi ezimbini iindinyana zokuqala ezimbini kunye nesiphelo isebenza phezu kwalo. Krivich ngo-1923, epapashwe kule ncwadi othi "Le mibongo Kubala uYohane. Ann", imibhalo eseleyo wembongi.

sikhethekileyo

beqhawe lyrical - umntu elisombulula i "iingubo zokukhululana ezithiyekileyo yobukho." Ann ngenyameko i "Mna" Mntundini, leyo angathanda ukuba ihlabathi liphela, omkulu, ukunyibilikisa oko, yaye ohlukunyezwayo ingqondo isiphelo engaphephekiyo, wedwa lithemba kunye ubukho zavela.

isihobe-Ann inika isazisi esisodwa "isigqebelo yokukhohlisa." Ngokutsho V. Bryusov, waba ngumntu yesibini Innocent Fedorovich abe yimbongi. Brushwork umbhali "sihlahla ibhokisi" yaye "Iingoma Cwaka" - kabukhali impressionistic. umqondiso ezokunxulumana wambiza Vyacheslav ivanov. Ann wayekholelwa ukuba isihobe akuthethi Mifanekiso. It nje lubonisa ukuba umfundi ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ibe ngamazwi.

Namhlanje ubuchule Innocent Fedorovich wafumana udumo eyenza ikufanele. Ikharityhulam kwakukho iimbongi ezifana Innokentiy Annensky. "Phakathi imihlaba", uhlalutyo Nokubekwa ukubamba abafundi - mhlawumbi umbongo yayo idumileyo. Qaphela ukuba ukongeza kwimibongo uye ebhalwe nemidlalo ezine umoya UEuripides kwizifundo ezibuhlungu yakhe elahlekileyo.