Dzheyn Ostin wafa ngenxa eziyityhefu esiyityhefu? mhlambe

nesazi kwaqashwa Dzheyn Ostin eyaziwa ngokuba wit bakhe ilenze isakhiwo sebali engalindelekanga, kodwa ityala lokufa kwakhe ibe kufana sentsomi ngaphezu kwabo bonke mabali akhe.

Kungenzeka ukuba ukufa umbhali yaseBritani, umbhali kweenoveli ezifana "Ikratshi kunye Prejudice" yaye "Bonse enengqondo", yaba sisiphumo yityhefu esiyityhefu, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni uphuhliso seengxangxasi esemncinane (41 ngonyaka) - batsho abaphandi kwithala leencwadi British.

Noko ke, le mbono ayikaqinisekiswa kwaye nguye kuphela zakutshanje kuthotho yeengcinga malunga nendlela wafa Dzheyn Ostin. "Kuyinto 100 pesenti kwiingcamango olusulungekileyo," - wathi uGqirha Mark Blecher, ugqirha care amehlo zaseprayimari Wills Hospital Eye e Philadelphia, ngubani na inxaxheba kolu phando.

Njani hypothesis lobuthi esiyityhefu

Ingcamango yityhefu esiyityhefu wathabatha ingcambu emva kokuba abaphandi acazululwe izibini ezithathu izibuko zokufunda, kusolwa engeka Dzheyn Ostin. Xa umbhali wafa 1817, udade wabo UCassandra ukuba ilifa edesikeni yakhe laptop. Usapho igcinwe kude kube 1999, xa yanikwa nokunyamekelwa kwezi Library yaseBritani, ngokutsho post blog, eyapapashwa ngoMatshi 9, Sandra Tuppen - ephambili omlawuli mpepha mihla kunye ngqangi zombutho.

Xa kwithala iye yafumana itafile, iye ukufikelela imixholo yawo, kuquka izibini ezithathu ngezibuko kuthiwa abenaso Dzheyn Ostin. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngezi iiglasi, banikela wafunda e Birmingham Optical Company, owenza uvavanyo kunye isixhobo ebizwa Lensmeter.

Bonke izibuko kwakukho lens khaxa, nto leyo eyayibonisa ukuba Dzheyn Ostin presbyopic, kunye iindondo yakhe ezifunekayo kwezi ntlobo zemisebenzi, efana nokufunda. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ngababini ezintathu iindondo - omnye tortoiseshell wire-zibiyelwe kwaye ezimbini - waba lens eyahlukileyo.

kwankqu ubukho amanqaku andibanga isimanga: Dzheyn Ostin wakhalaza iliso lakhe "ubuthathaka" ngoonobumba eziliqela. Kodwa lens kunye magnifications ezahlukeneyo kuSimon Barnard, London eye ugqirha abahlola iiglasi, ingcamango umdla. Mhlawumbi umbono Austin sibi ngokuba yena ityhefu esiyityhefu.

Imiphumela esiyityhefu

Abantu uyazi ngeziphumo yityhefu ye iarseniki - metalloid crystalline, nto leyo uqulathwe kolu qweqwe lomhlaba - ukususela kumaxesha zamaRoma. Inxulunyaniswa eziliqela iingxaki zempilo, kuquka umhlaza eluswini, wemiphunga, isinyi, sezintso wesibindi, ngokutsho National Institutes of Health. Ukuboniswa kwezinto iarseniki nawo malunga nophuhliso seengxangxasi - clouding lens iliso.

Noko ke, eNgilani ngenkulungwane ye-19, iarseniki yayisetyenziswa njenge "amayeza" kwiinkqubo zobonelelo ngamanzi. Kwakhona lasetyenziswa iyityhefu.

Nomsindo cataract esiyityhefu?

A cataract kwenzeka xa lens iliso uba enamafu ngaphantsi bhetyebhetye. Ngaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini abantu seengxangxasi emva kweminyaka 65, ngokutsho Centre Eye, University of Michigan.

Noko ke, oku akwaziwa, ngokwenene Dzheyn Ostin waba yokongulwa. Mhlawumbi wasebenzisa amanqaku iseti ezintathu ukwenzela imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo: isibini ngokuba umbono umgama; omnye, ukufunda esinamandla kancinci; yaye okwesithathu, i kakhulu ngenxa yomsebenzi omhle ezifana oyimfakamfele ocoliweyo - Barnard.

Kodwa ukuba Dzheyn Ostin ale kodwa kuphuhliswa kukho isizathu ngakumbi mhlawumbi oku, ngokutsho Professor Barnard, na ityhefu ngempazamo yi enzima ezifana esiyityhefu.

Yini engabangela seengxangxasi

Noko ke Blecher Akuthandabuzeki ukuba ingcaciso kunye iarseniki ngokwenene yinyaniso. Kukho iqela kwezinye iimeko ezinokubangela cataract kubantu abatsha - yofuzo, ukwenzakala iliso, isifo seswekile, kunye izifo ezithile yemfuza. Ngako oko, ukutyhefa ezingapheliyo esiyityhefu asiyiyo indawo yokuqala kolu luhlu.

Kwezinye iingingqi zehlabathi apho amanzi okusela iqulethe iarseniki, kukho nezinga eliphezulu kwamehlo. Ityhefu oluhlala kwi lens iliso mkhulu kunayo nayiphi na enye inxalenye yaso. Kwaye ke ngenxa yeso sizathu ukuba inxulunyaniswa ezinezinga eliphezulu kwamehlo.

Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko ezininzi, cataract akuthethi ukuba utshintsho ngesiphumo ekufuneka zilungiswe iindondo kagqirha. Xa cataract luphuhlisa, sukube kwandisa imfuneko ngezibuko kukuvumela ukuba ubone mgama. Nakuba kunjalo, akucacanga ukuba ngeglasi kanye ulandelelwano Dzheyn Ostin abakhutshwa.

ezibangela kangangoko ngokufa Dzheyn Ostin

Ngoko ke, imfihlelo ukufa Austin iselelona engekasonjululwa. Ezinye iingcali ezinxulumene kokufa kwakhe sisifo Addison kaThixo (disruptors ezidalwe), kwakunye nomhlaza kunye nesifo sephepha. Loo nto inika umdla umbhali Lindsay Ashford inkxaso ingcamango iarseniki yityhefu ngo-2011, emva esazi ukuba Dzheyn Ostin yaba nombala angaqhelekanga ebusweni, leyo kwaziwe ukuba ifuthe esiyityhefu ityhefu.

isilumkiso

Ithiyori ezintsha ezinxulumene ngezibuko, inika inkxaso eyongezelelweyo ingcamango yityhefu esiyityhefu, kodwa ithala iqaphele ukubaluleka isilumkiso. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba Dzheyn Ostin akazange ubhale iindondo kagqirha, banyula ngomumo, nokuba ukuba ngaba ngokupheleleyo ngokuhambelana nombono wayo. Ngaloo ilayibrari kubonisa ukuba umntu kufuneka baqhoboshele ukubaluleka kakhulu ukuya divergence kwi zokupheka.

Points wababhali kunokubonwa waboniswa Library British.