Amanani aseGrike kunye nolwalamano lwabo kunye neencwadi

Sonke sisebenzisa amanani: sibalwa iminyaka edlulileyo, iimpawu zemali, inani leentyatyambo kwi-jubilee kunye namacwecwe etafileni. Ngaphandle kwabo, ubomi akunakwenzeka. Ukukwazi ukubala kufundiswa kuthi kwi-kindergarten, nangaphambili.

Abantwana bafunda ukubala ezintongeni, ngoko-ngemizekelo elula, ke itafile yokuphindaphinda iya. Abantu abadala baguqulela ngokulula iimali, iimilinganiselo zobude kunye nobukhulu, ukubala uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ukutyalomali kwishishini okanye ikhulu kwisakhelo sabucala.

Ngendlela, amanani kunye namanani anxulumene, kodwa iindidi ezahlukileyo. Isalathisi sithatha ngokwazo ukutyunjwa kwenani, eliza kubonisa ukulandelelana kwalo (okanye uphawu) kwaye limela ukuqokelela kwamanani.

Imbali yamanani kunye namanani

Uyazi ukuba amanani abonakala njani? Emva kwesi siqhelo esivela kwiimpawu zobuntwana ibali elipheleleyo, elixutywe ngumoya wexesha elidlulileyo kunye nemveli yamandulo. Ukuba ulandelela imbali yokubonakala kwamanani, unokucinga ngezithethe kunye nenkcubeko yabantu abaninzi ababephila ixesha elide phambi kwethu.

Ookhokho bethu, endaweni yamanani, bashiya i-nicks ngendlela yokujonga ngokucacileyo kunye nezicatshulwa kwimithi eqinile, amathambo kunye namatye ukubonisa ukutya okugcinwe, izixhobo zokuqala kunye nezinye. Inotshi enye - iyunithi enye, inyeyunithi eyiwaka-iiyunithi eziliwaka. Enyanisweni, ookhokho bethu bebanolwazi oluncinane nje kuphela "lunye", "ezimbini" kunye "ezininzi."

Kuphando lwabo, amadoda afundayo adideka ngokukhawuleza, kuba imbali yokubonakala kwamanani kunye namanani kudideka kakhulu. Kuyaziwa ukuba iimpawu zokuqala ezibhalwe eMesopotamia naseYiputa yaseYiputa. Ngelo xesha, i-cuneiform yayisetyenziswe eMesopotamiya, nakwii-jeroglyphics zakudala zaseYiputa. Abantu baseMesopotamiya babeka amabheji kwiiphilisi ezikhethekileyo zobumba, kwaye amaYiputa ayisebenzisa ipapyri ngale njongo. Kwaye amaYiputa aboleke amaxabiso kumaGrike asendulo, awakhuphe ngendlela yabo.

Ukufundisa evela eGrisi

Ziziphi izibalo zamaGrike? KwiGrisi lasendulo kwakukho iinkqubo ezimbini zamanani kunye namanani - I-Attic ne-Ionic. Kubonakala ukuba oku kubangelwa umsebenzi wengqondo ngababalo kunye nefilosofi abahlala kwilizwe leengcali kunye neengcamango kwaye banomncintiswano ngokuphandle kwimathematika.

I-attic inkqubo ifana nesigidi esisodwa, kodwa isibalo siphezu kwayo. Amanani aseGrike abelwe yi-Attic calculus amele ukuphindaphinda amanqaku kunye kunye neMesopotamiya. Inombolo 1 yonyulwe njengomgca, 2 - imigca emibini, imizila emithathu-emithathu, imigca emi-4 ukuya kwe-4 ngokulandelanayo. Inombolo 5 ibonakaliswe yileta yokuqala yegama lesiGrike elithi "penta", kunye ne-10 - ileta yokuqala yegama elithi "deka".

Ngaphambi kokuba kufike eGrisi iAlexandriya yafika, i-Ionic calcus system yabonakala - iinombolo zamaGrike, ezimele umlinganiselo wendlela yokugqibela yamanani kunye nendlela yaseBhabhiloni. Amanani ayimidwebo yemizila kunye neeleta, kodwa kwakunzima ukusetyenziswa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo. Inkqubo enjalo isetyenziswe ngabakwa-Archimedes kunye nabanye abantu abadumiweyo bexesha.

Umbutho weencwadi kunye namanani

Okwangoku, ngezinye iimeko i-numbering ionic isetyenzisiweyo - ngoncedo lwayo kunokwenzeka ukuba ubhale amanani ukususela kwi-1 ukuya ku-99.999.999, usebenzisa i-alfabhethi yesiGrike nokwazi ukuba yiyiphi incwadi enokubaluleka kwamanani, amashumi kunye namakhulu. Ngendlela, loo manani kulula ukufunda ngamazwi aqhelekileyo. KwakungamaGrike awayeba ngoovulindlela, apho le ndlela yokubala yafunyanwa ngama-Arabs, amaSemites namaSlav.

Incwadi yamandulo yesiGrike yayineentsimbi ezingama-24, zongezelelwe iileta ezi-3, ezazingasetyenziselwa iminyaka eyiwaka emininzi. Ngenxa yoko, yafumana iileta ezili-27, ezahlukana ngamaqela amathathu, nganye iquka iileta ezili-9.

Iqela lokuqala lalingamanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9, ngelixa inani elingu-1 likhethwe yileta yokuqala ye-alfabhethi "i-alpha", 2 - iteksi yesibini "beta", njalo njalo ukuya kwinombolo 9, echazwe yileta ethi "theta."

Iqela lesibini libandakanya amanani aseGrisi ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kwe-90, kwaye isithathu-ukusuka kwi-100 kuya kwe-900.
Amanani avela ku-1000 kwaye ngaphezulu akhethwe njengolu hlobo: owokuqala wabhala ileta ehambelana neqela lokuqala (inombolo enye), wabeka i-comma kwaye wabhala iileta ezivela kumaqela okuqala neyesibini. Inombolo enkulu - 10.000 - ibizwa ngokuba yodwa kwaye yachongwa yileta "M". Emva kwexeshana, ileta yatshintshwa kuphela yicatshulwa.

Ngeli xesha ngeli xesha, iilfabhethi zesiGrike ziquka iileta ezingamashumi amabini kuphela. Ngaba kufuneka usebenzise, makungabikho nisela amanqaku aseGrike? Ukubhengezwa kwamagama akubalulekanga. Kule nto udinga ubuncinane ulwazi oluncinane lwealfabhethi. Eli nqaku liyakunceda ukuba uliqonde. Ukuze kube lula, senze ietafile ezimbini, apho zingekho iileta kuphela, kodwa kunye neenombolo zesiGrike, ukuguqulela kwisiRashiya kunye nokubhaliselwa (ukubiza).

Ukuqhelana ne-alfabhethi yesiGrike

Ukubala ukuya kumashumi amabini ngesiGrike

Abasebenzisi beLizwi ngenqaku

Ndiyincoma ntoni kubasebenzisi abakhutheleyo beMicrosoft Office abafuna ukuzama ukuguqulela iinombolo zesiGrike kwiLizwi? Into yokuqala yokwenza ukufaka "iLizwi" ngokwalo, kwaye ke i-MS Office Proofing Tools SP1. Oku kuyimfuneko ukusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwe-MS Office Word.

Kufuneka kwakhona uqwalasele ukulungiswa kwekhibhodi yesiGrike. Njani ukwenza oku? Hambisa isikhombisi se mouse kwisalathisi sebhobhokhi esisekhoneni elingezantsi lasekunene lenkqubo, kwaye nqakraza ngakwesokudla kuyo. Emva koko kwimenyu ebonakalayo, khetha ezi zinto zilandelayo: "Izicwangciso" -> "uLwimi" -> "Uhlobo lwebhodi yekhibhodi" -> "IsiGrike" -> "IsiGrike Polytonic". Ukuba uyazi ngokwaneleyo ukusekwa kweNgesi ngokuqhelekileyo, ngoko ukusetyenziswa kweGrike kuya kuba nzima.