Aksenov Vasily: biography kunye neencwadi ilungileyo umbhali

Aksenov Vasiliy Pavlovich - eyaziwa kwizangqa ebanzi ngumbhali Russian. imisebenzi yakhe igcwele ngomoya simahla, nzima kwaye echukumisayo, maxa wambi surreal, musa ukuyishiya bengenamdla akukho umfundi omnye. Eli biography nqaku Vasily Aksenov kunye noluhlu yemisebenzi yakhe umdla zoncwadi ziya kuqwalaselwa.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Ngowe-1932, ngoAgasti 20 e Kazan Pavel Aksenov, usihlalo Kazan Council City, kunye Eugenia Ginzburg, umfundisi Kazan zokufundisa Institute, yena wazalwa unyana ka Basil. Ngokutsho kwe-akhawunti entsatsheni yena umntwana wesithathu, kodwa kuphela eqhelekileyo. Xa wayeneminyaka lalingekafiki kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala, bobabini abazali (ekuqaleni unina, ngoko uyise) wabanjwa waza wagwetywa, ngamnye iminyaka elishumi entolongweni. Ukuba iinkampu Stalin kaThixo, Eugenia Ginzburg koko ikhala ngendlela incwadi memoirs ngexesha zocindezelo "isivunguvungu", nto leyo ithetha iminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo awayichitha entolongweni, elubhacweni, iminquba Kolyma. Kodwa ngoku ngaloo nto, sinomdla ngobomi Vasily Aksenov na.

Emva kokugqitywa abazali babantwana abadala - Alyosha (unyana Yevgenia Ginzburg) kunye Maya (intombi Pavel Aksenov) - ndasiwa bekhulisa usapho. Kwaye Vasya ngenkani ithunyelwe leenkedama nabantwana igweba (noninakhulu inkwenkwe wayefuna ukuba amgcine, kodwa akazange avumele kuzo). Ngowe-1938, umzalwana Petra Aksenova, Andreyan, wafuna ukuba umntwana kwikhaya Kostroma abantwana waza wathabatha kuye. De-1948, uBob wayehlala nezalamane kwicala zooyise, Motti Aksenova de wakhululwa entolongweni ngo-1947, unina womntwana uAkenzelwanga imvume ukuba unyana wakhe ukuya Kolyma. Kamva, umbhali Vasily Aksyonov ukuchaza ulutsha lwabo Magadan kwinoveli "Burn."

Education and nomsebenzi

Ngowe-1956 waphumelela iLeningrad Medical Institute amanye kunye nokuhanjiswa kwafuneka asebenze njengoko kwagqirha kwiBaltic Shipping Inkampani kwi imikhumbi. Noko ke, ukunyamezelana Tamare wayengekanikezelwa, nangona abazali babo ngexesha kwisimo. Kukho ubungqina bokuba Aksenov Vasily onesifo wayesebenza ugqirha Karelia, kwi Far North, esibhedlele TB eMoscow (ngokutsho kwezinye iinkcukacha, waba ngumcebisi kwi Research Institute of nesifo e Moscow), kwakunye kwi kwizibuko yorhwebo lwe eLeningrad.

Ukuqala Umsebenzi wokubhala

Umbhali Professional Aksyonov nga kuqwalaselwa ngo-1960. Ngowe-1959, wabhala inoveli "nabo" (on umboniso yakhe self-osihloko 1962 wadutyulwa), ngo-1960 - imveliso "Star ithikithi" (phezu kwayo ngo-1962, yathathwa "mzalwana wam omncinane"), ezimbini kwiminyaka kamva - inoveli "orenji eMorocco", yaye ngo-1963 - inoveli "Lilixa, umhlobo wam, lixesha." Emva koko kwafika incwadi Vasiliya Aksenova "ixhayi" (1964) kunye "Halfway eNyangeni" (1966). Awudlalayo "Soloko athotyiweyo", nto leyo kulo nyaka ukwambatha eqongeni "Contemporary" yayibhalwe 1965. Ngowe-1968 wapapasha ibali elingeyonyani satirical uhlobo "imiphanda Packaging Overstocked". Xa gqira iincwadi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ka Vasily Aksenov ngokufuthi eprintiweyo magazini "Youth". Umbhali iminyaka eliqela wayesebenza umhleli ebhodini kule ncwadi.

yoma

"- isikhumbuzo umkhulu," ngo-1972 - kwinxalenye yesibini - inxalenye yokuqala Iinoveli adventure abantwana yapapashwa ngowe-1970, "A buti apho into sinkqonkqoza." Ngowe-1971 wapapasha inoveli "Uthando ombane" (malunga Z Krasin), ibhalwe ngohlobo kwimbali-buqu. Emva konyaka, kulindixesha "Yehlabathi Elitsha" umsebenzi Esalingwayo igunyazisiwe epapashwe phantsi kwesihloko "Ukukhangelwa uhlobo." Ngowe-1972, le inoveli "Dzhin wagqabhuka - Untouchable" lwadalwa kananjalo, nto leyo lumo of action movie malunga iintlola. Ngaphezu kwakhe Aksenov Vasily basebenza kunye Gregory Pozhenyanom kunye Oleg Gorchakov. Le mveliso weza ibhalwe Grivadiya Gorpozhaks (mbumbulu ye indibanisela yamagama neefani ababhali ezintathu). Ngowe-1976, umbhali eliguqulelwe ukusuka inoveli IsiNgesi "Ragtime," Doctorow Edgar Lawrence.

imisebenzi yangaphandle

Biography of Vasily Aksenov ezele ubunzima kunye nobunzima. NgoMatshi 1966, lo gama uthatha inxaxheba yokubhikishela ukuzama lineenjongo kwisimo Stalin eMoscow ku Red Square, umbhali avalelwe bafo. Kule minyaka mibini izayo Aksenov wabeka isiginitsha yakhe imingcelele wathumela incwadi ukhuseleko uso, yaye wangxoliswa kuba yi isebe eMoscow of Union Writers 'kunye bangene kulo ishishini.

Nikita Khrushchev kwintlanganiso kunye koongqondo ngo-1963 kabukhali bagxeka Vasily Aksenov kunye Andrey Voznesensky. Xa ugqibile "nobudlelwane", imisebenzi yombhali abasekho ukupapasha ekhaya. Ngowe-1975 kubhaliwe kwathiwa inoveli "Burn", oko sele kukhankanyiwe. Xa ncwadi yakhe andizange ndiyathemba Vasily Aksenov. "I Island of eCrimea" - inoveli kwi uhlobo iingcinga - njengoko ekuqaleni wadalwa ngumbhali ngaphandle kulindeleke ukuba imveliso ziya kukhutshwa print ubone ihlabathi. Ngelo xesha (1979) amadlala umbhali waba yondele kakhulu, kwaye kwaqalisa ukuba akahexa epithets ezifana "anti-yesizwe", "non-eSoviet". Kodwa ngo-1977-1978 Aksenov imisebenzi yaqala ukuvela kwamanye amazwe, ingakumbi eUnited States.

Kunye ne Erofeev uViktor Iskander Fazil, Belloy Ahmadulinoy, Bitovym Andreem kunye Evgeniem Popovym Aksenov Vasily waba co-uxhase kumququzeleli we lwencwadi "Metropol" ngo-1978. Zipapashwa kumaphepha-ndaba eSoviet lihlolwe akazange omkhulu, kodwa wapapasha eUnited States. "Ingcaciso" koko phantsi bonke abathathi-nxaxheba zonke lwencwadi. Oku kwalandelwa ukugxothwa Writers 'Union Yerofeyev kunye Popov, kwaye bekhalaza Vasily Aksenov, kunye Semenom Lipkinym kunye Inna Lisnyanskaya kwakhona umemezele zokurhoxa wayo ukusuka joint venture.

Ubomi e USA

Xa isimemo kwehlobo ka-1980 umbhali wemka ukuba eUnited States, yaye ngowe-1981, kuba lobumi ye-USSR. Aksyonov owayehlala eUnited States de-2004. Ezili apho, wasebenza uprofesa iincwadi Russian kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo Melika: Kennan Institute (ukususela 1981 ukuya th-1982), iYunivesithi yase Washington (ukususela 1982 ukuya th-1983), Goucher College (ukusukela 1983, yi th-1988), Mason University (ukususela 1988 ukuya ku-2009). Njengoko intatheli ukususela ngo-1980 ukuya 1991. Aksenov Vasily iye yasebenzisana "Radio Liberty", "Voice of America" lwencwadi 'isenzi' kunye magazini "kwiZwekazi". Umbhali Radioocherki zapapashwa "elishumi intlebendwane" ukuqokelelwa epapashwe ngo-2004.

EUnited States wabona ukukhanya ezibhalwayo, kodwa yapapashwa kwimisebenzi Russian "Burn", "Golden lronburg zethu", "I Isiqithi of eCrimea", nengqokelela "ekunene ukuya siqithi." Noko ke, eMelika waqhubeka ukudala Vasily Aksenov "eMoscow Saga" (Trilogy, 1989, 1991, 1993), "iqhawe okugwenxa positive" (yingqokelela yamabali amafutshane, 1995), "New Sweet Style" (inoveli malunga nobomi lamanene Soviet eUnited States, 1996) - konke oku kubhaliweyo xesha ebomini eUnited States. Imisebenzi Umbhali wadala nje kuphela Russian, ethi "I sac beqanda" (nangona kamva yaguqulelwa ngumbhali) yayibhalwe IsiNgesi ngo-1989. Xa isimemo ka Jack Matlock, i-US nozakuzaku, ixesha lokuqala ukusukela ngokuya phesheya (iminyaka elithoba) Aksenov weza eSoviet Union. Ngowe-1990 umbhali wabuyela ngummi lakhe eSoviet.

Umsebenzi eRussia

Ngowe-1993, xa iBhunga Ephakamileyo lunikezelo, Vasily Aksenov wabuye wathi wavakalisa iinkolelo zabo wavakalisa solidarity kunye labantu abasayinileyo ukuxhasa ncwadi Yeltsin. Antonom Barschevskim ngo-2004 trilogy "Moscow Saga" yenziwa eRashiya. Kulo nyaka kulindixesha "Oktobha" epapashwe umsebenzi zombhali "Voltairiens and Voltairiennes", kamva imbasa i Prize Booker. Ngowe-2005, Aksyonov wabhala ngohlobo lwencwadi idayari siqu memoirs ngokuba "njengokhozo lweliso lakhe."

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Kwiminyaka yokugqibela umbhali kunye nentsapho yakhe babehlala eFransi, kwisixeko Biarritz, eMoscow. E Moscow, Januwari 15, 2008 Aksenov waziva egula, yena esibhedlele kwi esibhedlele 23. Xa umbhali kwafunyaniswa ngesibetho. Emva kosuku lwe Vasily Pavlovich yatshintshelwa Hospital Sklifosovsky, lwakhe utyando ukuze ususe ihlwili igazi kwemithambo carotid senziwa. Kangangethuba elide imeko zombhali kwakunzima kakhulu. Yaye ngoMatshi 2009, iingxaki ezitsha. Aksyonov yadluliselwa Burdenko Institute kwaye lwaphind esebenza-. Emva koko Vasily Pavlovich kwakhona abalaliswe Hospital Sklifosovsky. Yaba Julayi 6 apho, 2009 umbhali wafa. Vasily Pavlovich wangcwatyelwa eMoscow, niyenze phaya emadlakeni Vagankovsky. NgoNovemba 2009, e Kazan, endlwini apho babehlala kanye umbhali, umsebenzi wakhe yayiququzelelwe Museum.

Vasily Aksenov: "Le inkanuko twisiseka. A inoveli malunga gqira "

umsebenzi ugqityiwe lokugqibela lombhali abanetalente Le nto. Yanyatheliswa sisonke emva kokufa Aksyonov ngo-Oktobha 2009. "A yingqokelela yamabali ze ikharavani" kule izahluko ngamnye yapapashwa ngo-2008 kule ncwadi. I inoveli ngokuphila, abalinganiswa zakhe kwizithixo ngobugcisa iincwadi gqira zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini: UYevgeny Yevtushenko, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Voznesensky, Ernst Neizvestny, uRobert Rozhdestvensky, Bella Ahmadulina Marlene Hutsiev, uVladimir Vysotsky, Andrei Tarkovsky kunye nabanye. Aksenov eyabelwe abalinganiswa amagama wasentsomini ukusebenza sinxulumana uhlobo kwimbali yobomi.

Award, amabhaso, memory

EUnited States, umbhali wawongwa ngesidanga Doctor of nomusa iiLeta. Kwakhona yaba lilungu le-American League kunye nombhali peni Club. Ngo-2004, ngenxa imveliso "Voltairiens kunye Voltairiennes" Aksenov lawongwa ngebhaso "Russian Booker". Emva konyaka yena wawongwa Order of Arts and iiLeta. Umbhali yaba lilungu le-Russian Academy of Arts.

Nyaka ngamnye ukususela ngo-2007, umthendeleko zoncwadi-zomculo ngezizwe Kazan ngokuba "Aksenov-fest". Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala bendisekuni inxaxheba lobuqu Vasily Pavlovich. Ngo-2009, lemfundo indlu imyuziyam yombhali odumileyo iye yavulwa, ngoku eqhuba club isixeko zoncwadi. Ngo-2010 Ndabona i "wamboleka-uqeshiso" ngokuphila Umbhali inoveli engagqitywanga ukukhanya. intshumayelo yakhe yabanjwa ngoNovemba 7 kwiNdlu-Museum of Vasily Aksenov.

Evgeny Popov and Alexander Kabakov ngo-2011 ngokudibeneyo wapapasha incwadi iinkumbulo Vasilii Pavloviche ukuba kunjalo ngokuba "Aksenov." Kuyo, bethetha bayahlelwa lombhali, nezo ngobomi, inkqubo ngokuzalwa ubuntu enkulu. Umsebenzi ophambili kunye ingcamango ncwadi - ukuthintela uhlaba izibakala ngenxa abo okanye ezinye iziganeko.

usapho

UMzalwan 'Vasily Aksenov kwicala yomama, uAlex, wabulawa ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni lwe eLeningrad. Udade uyise, Maya, - umfundisi-methodologist, umbhali kweencwadi zezifundo ezininzi kulwimi Russian. Umfazi wokuqala yaba umbhali Kira Mendeleva, batshata unyana wakhe Alexey Aksenov wazalwa ngo-1960. Sithetha nje ukusebenza director. umfazi wesibini nomhlolokazi yombhali, Mayya Aksenova (wazalwa ngo-1930), imfundo ingcali yorhwebo langaphandle. Ngexesha ubomi njengentsapho eUnited States wayefundisa ulwimi Russian eRashiya wayesebenza kwi Chamber of Commerce. Abantwana kunye Vasily Pavlovich kunye Maya Afanasevny wayengekho, kodwa Aksenov waye indodakazi of Elena (wazalwa ngo-1954). Wafa ngo-Agasti 2008.