Zangaphandle - ukuba ... ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zangaphandle imizekelo

Zangaphandle - yintoni na le nto? Kutheni kufuneka ukuba babe? Ntoni na ke? Ezi, kwakunye neqela eminye imibuzo eza kuphendulwa ngaphakathi nqaku.

ulwazi jikelele

Ngubani na zangaphandle? Esi sihloko yenzelwe kwiimeko apho izibonelelo okanye iindleko ze imicimbi yemarike zingafakwanga kwixabiso. Kuthetha ntoni oku? Ukuba lula, banikela nemiphumo ethile. Kwaye thina singakwazi ukubonelela zangaphandle? Akhabayo kunye navumelanayo - ukuba impembelelo yabo. Kuthetha ntoni oku kuthetha ku umkhuba? Oku kubhekisela kwimeko apho kukho izinto ezintle okanye engakhiyo umsebenzi isifundo esinye kwabanye. Yintoni eya kusinceda ukuba siqonde ngcono yintoni okuthathwa zangaphandle? Imizekelo!

Masithi kufuneka-mveliso lwesamente. Athwala ngaphandle ezikhutshwayo. Ngenxa yoko, nathi sithethe negative ecacileyo kubahlali balapha. Kodwa ukuba isityalo efanayo luvule indlela elungileyo kunye nomgangatho, ngoko ke akuyi kubakho externality entle. Nangona ukuba oku igqitywe, bekuya kuba ukubhala eli nqaku. Externality - oku sisihloko ebanzi kakhulu.

Iinzuzo kunye neendleko

Bona izinto eziphambili. Kukho iindleko ayimise ebekiwe kwezentlalo abucala kunye nezibonelelo. Amaninzi unobangela neziphumo neyangaphandle ubukho ukungangqinelani okuthile phakathi yala maxabiso.

Makhe sijonge omnye umzekelo. Masithi zinkampani langena kwimvumelwano. Kodwa iindleko zawo kuthwalwa ngamaqela esithathu abangekho inxaxheba-sikhokelo yezivumelwano ezikhoyo. Ukubuyela utyale yethu isamente. Kungenisa zangaphandle ezimbi. Thetha ukupheliswa sabo setotali ayikho imfuneko. Kodwa ke inqanaba yempembelelo kuya kuncipha xa ukuhlawula iindleko zentlalo. Ngenxa yoko, indlela eligangathiweyo - yenye into. Ukuba isityalo siya kuthumela eyakho abahlali zalo ngeendleko ebumelwaneni lokuphumla (ngokuqwalasela umzekelo yiSoviet Union, apho abasebenzi ngokufuthi waya phezu Spa), ngoko ke ngomnye umcimbi. Kodwa kwimeko yesibini kukho nefuthe elibi, njengokuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso zesamente, esiwa ukuba akhuphisane nabanye baqhubi kwezoqoqosho kunye imithamo yemveliso lincitshiswe. iimpawu ezinjalo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo capitalism mihla.

The degree of lokwaneliseka

Xa iziphumo lwangaphandle kwenzeka, zangaphandle akusoloko zisebenza ngempumelelo ngokulinganayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba isityalo isamente yakhiwa kule lali, ukusuka apho ukuya eqhelekileyo indlela neekhilomitha ezilishumi, ukuba yenye into. Yaye ukuba zabakho kuloo mzi, apho aphuhliswe kakuhle izibonelelo, - yinto enye. Baphenjelelwa kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Njengoko umzekelo isikali. Ngoko ke, ukuba mveliso isamente uya kuzivelisela eninzi uthuli azise eninzi ukuphazamiseka, ukuba yenye into. Kodwa ukuba unalo indawo yomsebenzi axhotyiswe okucoca, kwaye apho kukho kumahlathi ezininzi, ezimbini. Ewe, esi sityalo isamente uya kubazisela ezinye bajonga iingxaki, kodwa ngomlinganiselo omncinane. Kwi meko meko ukulungiswa ezihlawulisa irhafu lokusingqongileyo karhulumente kunye nolwalathiso amanyathelo ezahlukeneyo eziya kunciphisa iindleko ebekiwe zabucala nefuthe elibi lwangaphandle.

Ukusebenza kwamanyathelo imbuyekezo

Iziphumo zisenokuba kakhulu impikiswano ezingaqondakaliyo. Ngoko ke, masijonge utywala. Akukho namnye unalo na kwamathandabuzo ukuba oko kuyingozi yaye kuzisa ngenelo. Kunjalo, ukuba zoshishino bakhuthele kakhulu. Kulo mzekelo, akukho siqinisekiso sokuba kusetyenziswe wesithathu akayi kuchaphazeleka. Mhlawumbi enxilile ezinxilisayo yaye waphula impumlo yomnye umntu. Imbi? Ngokuqinisekileyo! Kodwa yintoni ukwenza ngokwemigaqo zembuyekezo? Lo mthetho umisela ukuba le nkalo luxanduva ummangalelwa, oko kukuthi utywala kakhulu. Kodwa kukho kwakhona iqela lesibini iqela - kumenzi! Ukususela kulo ukuya ekhaya ezahlukeneyo, izinto ezo ukuba baphumeze nephulo likazwelonke lokulwa nolwaphulo-utywala, ikhankasela indlela yokuphila esempilweni, uncedo kwimeko njalo njalo. Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, nigweba ngezinto esinazo ngokwemiqathango zokusela utywala luhamba phambili, bona kakuhle. Ngoko ke, ukuthengiswa kotywala ngenjongo yokuba ukusetyenziswa elandelayo kakhulu impikiswano ngokubhekiselele kwiindleko imbuyekezo.

ngempahla kawonke

Kodwa ngokwaneleyo ezimbi, makhe sithethe zangaphandle ezintle. Ukuba kukho inzuzo ethile yaye akukho kungenzeka okanye ukuyilahla ukwenza abantu bahlawule ngenxa yaloo nto, ngoko uba yoluntu. Apha, kakhulu, kubalulekile kwisikali. Eyona nto kakhulu esihle nyulu ezilungileyo uluntu. Ngoko wabiza imiphumela, ezisetyenziswa ngabantu bonke, kungakhathaliseki nokuba ukuyihlawula okanye hayi.

Ngokomzekelo, thatha umoya okanye iinkuni ococekileyo. Le peculiarity esilungileyo yoluntu obumsulwa nje iimpawu ezimbini: i ngokungakhethi kunye neisklyuchaemost. Enoba iimeko hayi ukuyilwa, umntu ngamnye ngokukhululekileyo ukusebenzisa umoya efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezithile, kungenzeka kubagulisa.

Thatha inkqubo nokunyanzeliswa komthetho. Usebenza ngeendleko wesabelo zerhafu. Ukuba kukho umqhubi kwezoqoqosho ethile ongaphumeleliyo ukuhlawula kubo, kukho ingxaki free-rider. Le meko disadvantageous ukuba lonke uluntu, kodwa nokugcinwa komthetho kufuneka kwenziwe. Zokuba ahlawule irhafu, kufuneka ukhathazeke iinkonzo mali. Njengokuba kukwaphula umthetho kwezinye izinto kufuneka kunivuza, ngenxa yokuba bonke bayalingana phambi kwalo kwaye akukho nketho.

Izinto zangaphandle kuqoqosho

Esi sihloko umdla kakhulu, nto leyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufuneka banikwe ingqalelo engakumbi. Kodwa ngoxa phelisa enye nezihlokwana. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngaxeshanye kunzima ukufumana indawo bekuya kuba umzekeliso ngcono inkqubo. Izinto zangaphandle zoqoqosho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye zichaphazela abantu ngeendlela ezininzi. Umzekelo ekuxoxwe ngazo ngaphambili ebiza - kuphela isahlulo esincinci.

Ngoko ke, ngokubonakala zangaphandle zingathathwa ngokuba oosomashishini kunye nokuthatha phezu izibophelelo ezithile zentlalo ezifana nokugcinwa enkulisa, zesikolo, amabala okudlala ukuvumbulula, okungagunyaziswanga yenkunkuma yokulahla yezindlu zokuhlala kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Unakho ukukhumbula iindidi ezithile ezifana ukufuywa. Ngaloo ndlela, umntu ozibandakanye kwezoshishino ubakhathalele ikakhulu ngeziqu zabo. Kodwa kuye, iinyosi umungu imithi kwimimandla ekufutshane, abantu ubusi. Kodwa ke, nabo niyagrenyana, xa bundlobongela kwicala nesinambuzane yabantu. Apha zangaphandle ezinjalo akhabayo kunye navumelanayo.

isiphelo

Indlela enkulu isihloko kwaye singathanda ukuxelela ngakumbi ngayo. Unakho ukukhumbula ngemfundo, ofundisa abantu cultured kakhulu, nesingaphantsi neziyilimazayo indalo zitshabalalise okusingqongileyo kunye nabanye abantu, kunye nokhenketho, nto leyo iba nefuthe elihle kwimpilo kunye noqoqosho, kwaye kwicandelo lezoqoqosho apho abantu abaqeqeshiweyo kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo ungenza ngonaphakade ezinokuntsonkotha nobunzima izinto. Akukho mfuneko ke, silibale ukuba zangaphandle - kuba kananjalo izinto ezimbi, kodwa wathi nchavelelo aokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kobunzima?