Z Khrushchev: biography kanye photo

bolawulo Khrushchev kaThixo (1953-1964) - xesha kuphela kwimbali eSoviet abantu khumbula amazwi amahle. Hero Inqaku - Hruschova Z, unyana, ogama biography iseyeyona impikiswano mbali academic musa afikelele kwisivumelwano.

abazali

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba inkwenkwe wazalwa ngomhla kummandla Donbass mihla - kwilali metallurgists Yuzovka, kwiintsuku ezintathu kamva, emva October Revolution. Umhla wokuzalwa - 10.11.1917. Yena unyana omncinane Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev kunye Euphrosyne Ivanovna (nee - Pisarev). Amaxwebhu 07.02.1914 Nicholas Church Bakhmut County (yeyam "Rutchenkovskiy") kukho irekhodi ubhaliso lwabo esemthethweni emtshatweni. le manyano iya kuba kuphela ngokusesikweni ibhalwe phambi kokukhutshwa umhlala Khrushchev kaThixo.

Yefrosinya wayengomnye iintombi ezintlanu umnikazi wendlu, ngelo xesha, "sahamba" Khrushchev. Z ebuntwaneni phantse ungandikhumbuli uyise. Ngowe-1918 waya emfazweni Civil ngenxa iiBolsheviks, nomfazi - kwiphondo Kursk, kubazali bakhe. Ngowe-1920, wafa ngenxa yesifo, eshiya intombi indoda yakhe Julia 1915 p. kunye nonyana. Photo of umfazi inokubonwa kwinqaku ngezantsi. Kuba Nikita Khrushchev, kwaba buhlungu enzima apho uya kuphila kuphela kwiminyaka-4, ukudala intsapho entsha.

ebuntwaneni

Abantwana baba phezu notatomkhulu, de utata waya kuye. umsebenzi wakhe zisiya Vgoru, yaye ngowe-1931 bafudukela eMoscow, Khrushchev. Yulia unomfazi omtsha Nikita Sergeyevich - Nina Kukharchuk - abe nolwalamano oluhle, nto leyo akuyonyaniso malunga Z. Okunene wakhulela esitratweni, ishiywa ngokwakhe. Emva kokuphumelela iiklasi ezisixhenxe, yena ababhaliswe esikolweni, kwi-17 waqalisa ukusebenza kwi-mveliso.

Z Khrushchev waba nempumelelo enkulu kunye nabafazi. Iminyaka imashumi mabini ndililahlile endandihlala ababini, omnye - nomntwana ezingalweni zakhe. Zombini babengamaYuda. Ndikunye Rosalia Treyvas, actress, wada isayinwe, kodwa uyise demonstratively wazikrazula isiqinisekiso somtshato. Esfir Etinger, moya intombi ngowe-1935 yazala unyana wakhe uYuri, ngubani ubomi bakhe bonke enxibe nefani Leonida Hruschova. Uyise ngonyaka phambi kokuba wamiselwa uNobhala First of the CIM, ebonelela ngamathuba amatsha unyana wakhe.

"Youth - esibhakabhakeni!"

Stalin ubhenela Aviation ukuthatha isiphumo kwi "kulutsha yegolide 'ixesha lakhe. Oonyana abantu yokuqala seva Ibbaibbele. Zhukovsky. It ubezukile kakhulu, bona ngokulinganayo. Kunye nemfundo yakhe Z Hruschov akakwazanga ukufumana Zhukovka, kodwa waya yabaqhubi zezikolo GVF (Balashov). Emva kokugqiba ngo-1937, yena wangena kule Academy, kodwa ke idesika zange ahlale phantsi. Ngowe-1939, wajoyina i-Red Army ngokuzithandela, ukuba baqhubeke uqeqesho EVASCH (Aviation yesikolo Engels).

Ngexesha eSoviet-Finnish War, wazicelela ngaphambili, ekuhlaseleni flying Ar-2. Air Division umphathi wabanika inkcazelo ebalaseleyo elinye, lowo inxaxheba kuqhuma le Mannerheim Line.

I intsomi lokuqala - ukuqiniseka yokuqala

Ngowe-1938, uyise (N. S. Hruschova) yadluliselwa Ukraine, apho waya ngaphezulu. Emva konyaka, Z watshata lotchitse Moscow Aeroclub Lyubovi Sizyh, yaye ngoJanuwari 1940, wazalwa yintombi Julia yena. Umfazi yayifana umlinganiswa indoda yakhe: parachutist ukungoyiki, ilawulwa adumileyo kunye isithuthuthu. Kwakhona wayesaziwa ngokuba nesibindi kwaye yokuzibhubhisa. Bakwazi ukushukumisa izandla nezixhaso ibhulorho ukusuka kwenye elunxwemeni Dnieper ukuya kwelinye. Eli bhinqa liselula iye yaba umntwana, kodwa loo nto ayizange ayeke Nikita Sergeyevich ukwamkela ukhetho wonyana wenkosi yakho.

Kwaba kule minyaka, iinkumbulo Sergo Beria, Z Khrushchev - unyana Nikity Hruschova - inxulunyaniswa kunye nezaphuli. Le gang wayenza ukuphanga kunye ndazi phambi imfazwe. Abaninzi shot, unyana ka kuNobhala First of Communist Party of Ukraine kuthiwa wafumana kwiminyaka eli-10 entolongweni. Ngoko ke wazalwa intsomi yokuqala, babengafumani nabuphi na ubungqina obubhaliweyo. Ifayile lobuqu Z Khrushchev mazigcinwe kwii-akhayivu yoMphathiswa yoKhuselo (Podolsk), kwi kwibali original akukho kukhankanywa kwexesha ingxelo mthetho na.

Isifo yemfazwe

Ukususela ngosuku lokuqala imfazwe, kwakunye nezinye "kwiirhuluneli yesicelo" - abazalwana Mikoyan, Yakov Dzhugashvili, Timur Frunze, Vasily Stalin, nyana Khrushchev bukaThixo ngokwala kwakhe ukuya kulwa. Kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbini webutho, yeza ngaphandle inshorensi, kokulahlekelwa inkoliso abaqhubi bayo. Aces German Kwadlula practice iphaphazela eYurophu, ndamelana izidanga izolo ngayo izikolo okokuqala ukuze kuqhutywe ivili lokuqhuba.

Phakathi kwazo kwakukho Khrushchev onamava onesibindi. Z abelwa 134 Aviation webutho (46th Division), bemthomalalisile kuphela ngoJulayi 27 nokuhlasela. Emva kokugqiba elizimisele kutshabalalisa ibhulorho phezu komlambo Zapadnaya Dvina, ukuba ithiwe thaca kwi-mabhaso emkhosini. Fumana Red Banner Order of ekuqaleni kwemfazwe - kwaba lwepaki lokwenyaniso. NgoJanuwari 9, 1942 wokuqala moya yakhe wadubula phantsi waza wahlala phezu kwintsimi cala. Crew ndayihlangula, kodwa umqhubi wenzakala. Ngenxa yoko, i ukwaphuka open wethambo waphuncuka iibhutsi zakhe, kwaye esibhedlele ukulungiselela utyando nquma imilenze yakhe.

Unyango Kuibyshev

Ngokuba ubomi bomntu mfana akuzange kwenzeke ngaphandle esibhakabhakeni. AmaNgqina wathi wamsongela oogqirha kunye nompu, wafuna ukuba bayeke ukusebenza. iinyanga ezimbini ezichithwa ebhedini, kodwa umzimba abatsha ukumelana. Ekuqhwaleleni ngenxa yokuba omnye umlenze mfutshane kancinci nje kunelinye, uya kuhlala naye de ekupheleni kwemihla. Pilot wathumela Kuibyshev, apho babenikelwe zisusiwe best amayeza ukukhanya. Apha wawuhlala. Khrushchev ngokobuqu weza ngaphambili ukuze atyelele unyana kwabangxwelerhiweyo, nto leyo iquka isisa okhethekileyo.

Z Khrushchev waba gumbi efanayo Ruben Ibarruri. Kwisibhedlele wayedibana Stepan Mikoyan, owaba lokuzibonela abaziintloko ukuba ixesha lakhe Kuibyshev yobomi. Ukususela amazwi Mikoyan yabaqhubi ababuleweyo badla basela, owayeqhubela ubuhlobo kunye kwanabangqungqi i Bolshoi Theatre, bakhutshwe umzi. Ekupheleni kwimo wabandakanyeka ebalini unxila kunye nesiphelo kabuhlungu.

Intsomi yesibini okwesibini

Xa iqela, abantu abaselula wenza umdlalo yokwenene okuphumelela Russian. igosa Naval ofundayo ukuba Z Khrushchev imililo omkhulu, wacela ukuba umpu kwibhotile phezu kwentloko yakhe. Iintolo wamxabela entanyeni. Matiloshe ukuba abanelisekanga, kwaye wamdlwengula umqhubi ukuba ukuphinda ukukhwela. Khrushchev shot yesibini yaya ngqo ebunzi, ebulala igosa. Stepan Mikoyan uxelela eli ibali ngondiva, hayi ukuba ngawakhe eyenzekayo. Isibakala sokuba abanye imbali ethandabuzekayo kunye nomzalwana wakhe wathi kunye nodadewabo rada Adjoubei.

Xa yakhe, abachasi N. S. Hruschova (bonke wabonakala emva kokufa kwakhe), ithi buqu Khrushchev wacela uxolo Stalin ngenxa yonyana wakhe. Kodwa elo wagwetywa iminyaka 8 ukukhonza isivakalisi ngaphambili.

Yaba okanye akunjalo?

Akukho namnye uphando journalistic oku asiphumelelanga. Akukho nobunye ubungqina obuziimpepha. Amarhe malunga nesiganeko zahlukile lonto yenza naziphi na izigqibo akunakwenzeka. Zonke iziganeko ezilandelayo kuwuhlambela logic ukususwa pilot nasiphi na isohlwayo ukuwa ka-1942, waya hayi nomkhosi isohlwayo setyala, ngokutsha, ngokutsha kuviwo olulilinge mbono. NgoNovemba nakwimizi grade exam "elungileyo", wafumana icandelo umyalelo kunye epaulets uLieutenant. Ngaphezu koko, xa umkhosi, uza isixhobo, apho wayeza lungarhoxiswa kuthe agwetywe.

Z Khrushchev, ogama biography ngoku ngumxholo kukucikidwa, waqhubeka kulwa emoyeni webutho, 18, reseeding uphume Yak-7. Ndafumana umsebenzi, likufikela moya ukusuka mveliso yomkhosi ngaphambili. Iingcali zithi obabujolise ekuphuhliseni ubugcisa obutsha, umqhubi kuthatha ixesha, kodwa ngandlel 'ithile ngexesha lemfazwe kwaye kwakungenjalo.

Iziganeko ka 11 Matshi 1943

Kukho ubungqina bokuba Khrushchev watshintshelwa kwikomkhulu umkhosi, kodwa wala. Isibhakabhaka ubizo lwakhe. Ebudeni inkonzo wenza amadlozi 172, kodwa-32 kuphela - ukulwa (nebhodi 4 kuphela chasa imizuzu 27). 11. moya 03. 1943 amabini labhabha kummandla lokujongisisa amajoni Zhizdra. Laba kuhanjwe. Xa isayithi ye-phambili - Art. ULieutenant Zamorin, ezaba ubungqina iphambili iziganeko edabini zembali apho unyana wakhe zange umiselwe ukuba abuyele isikhulu party.

Fighters wadibana ezine "Fockers" ngababini bahlaselayo abaqhubi Soviet. Wabuya ukusuka ebufundisini ukuya umlweli eyonakeleyo kuphela umphathi yokubhabha. Imfihlakalo ukufa Leonida Hruschova ngenxa kwizinto ezimbini: umahluko kwi ebonisa I. Zamorina kunye nokungakwazi ukufumana iintsalela ze-moya Yak-7 ngenxa kwimimandla mgxobhozo nokuqhuba umoya ulupwa phezu kwintsimi utshaba.

Iimpawu Ivan Zamorina

Ingxelo yokuqala yabhalwa emva kotyelelo ukuya Lieutenant aphezulu abasebenzi regimental. Kuyo, waveza, bangenelela "Fokker", kwakhululwa emehlweni moya L. Khrushchev. Ndabona ke kuphela njani ibe tailspin, wabaleka, wehla waya emhlabeni. luqalile Kamva ukufuna iintsalela moya kokucwangcisa, abaphumelelanga. Okokuqala, uyise ingxelo ukuba unyana omdala unyamalele. Kwinyanga kamva, ngobusuku ka-Aprili 12, Stalin ngokobuqu ivakalise amazwi ovelwano sizana, iindaba ukuba akukho themba ngakumbi. NgoJuni, utata ufumene nonyana Order of Patriotic War I degree (kokufa).

Kule minyaka ingama-80 Yaqala ukusasaza amarhe malunga nendlela Z Khrushchev wawa yiJamani. Kuthiwa wasinda waza wabathimba waza waba ngumngcatshi. Amarhe Kwabonakala ngaphambili, ngoko emva yokurhoxa Khrushchev wancinwa ukufa lomqhubi wenqwelo-moya (umphandi Tokarev SI), apho kungekho bungqina bokungcatshwa kwakhe alufumanekanga. Zamorin kukutshintsha yesingqino, esithi ikhoboka benibasindisile kuye, aziphose ngapha umendo Yak-7 ukuhlasela lomlilo "Fokker". Lo moya eneneni crumbled emoyeni. ingxelo yayo yangaphambili, Wachaza, nabathetheli webutho, boyika uxanduva into yokuba akazange ukukhusela unyana ka igosa eliphezulu, ke ngoko, bakhetha lengqondo zilahlekile.

version ziphikisana

Intatheli Military I. Stadnyuk, ababhali-mbali G. Kumanov, umbhali N. Dobryuha F. Chuev nabanye ubambe kwinguqulo Z Khrushchev wadutyulwa. Bayibiza yokuba Khrushchev ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe wabatshabalalisa amaxwebhu ebhenca unyana. Ethetha ubungqina bokuba NKVD njengele (W. Udilov), Molotov, nyana Beria kaThixo, bachaza umfanekiso njengoko umqhubi likwazile ukukhafula, betha utshaba ekuthinjweni. Apho waqalisa ukungqina, phantsi ukhuseleko kwelizwe. Stalin wayalela iqela ezizodwa SMERSH ukuba ungumngcatshi. Utyando lube yimpumelelo, kwaye nonyana Khrushchev wakhe wasiwa eMoscow.

Uyise ngamadolo akhe wacela uxolo, kodwa Stalin wathembela isigqibo Politburo, umngcatshi sanga singabamiselwe ukufa. It lwalusebenza. Oku kuchaza intiyo ka N. S. Hruschova kumalungu eKomiti Central: Beria wadutyulwa, ummandla Scherbakovsky eMoscow ukuthiya ngokutsha, kunye Kaganovich, Molotov kunye Malenkov wathumela ekuthinjweni. Isiqinisekiso ngqo kwefom unako ukukhonza ukumbamba Lyubovi Sizyh ngo-1943 kwaye uyithumele enkampini ngamacala zaseMelika. Yayamkela kwavela ukuba ezi ziganeko zibini awudutyaniswanga omnye nomnye.

Inguqulo esemthethweni

Siqinisekile, ukunamathela yaye liyaxhathisa, inkwenkwe eneminyaka engama-25 ubudala iye yaba ijamelene bathinjwa Nikity Hruschova, intloko "nobudlelwane" lombhali '60s, kwaye iinjengele NKVD wenza yonke into ukungcolisa igama kaNobhala owayesakuba First of the CPSU Committee Central. Ukuzoba isifaniso kunye bayahlelwa kaYakobi Dzhugashvili, yathinjwa amaJamani, emva kokuba kuthinjwe-high wezopolitiko nyana ulindele amaphetshana reaction ze fascists, iidilesi irediyo, nayiphi bebabaza. Kodwa akukho mithombo kwicala waseJamani, engqina ziziphumo abathinjiweyo elingwayo.

Ingxubevange kunye namabali, wabulawa Leonida Hruschova. ukudubula lakhe ngokwahlukileyo ocaciswe "okuzibonela", lo gama abasebenzi Metrostroi wafumana kwitekisi lo moya Yak-7, leyo ngexesha elinye kunye nenani masosha art. ULieutenant. Idatha kwi oku zigcinwa archive Podolsk. Ingcwaba eliqhelekileyo laloo mzi Zhizdra wakhankanya igama Khrushchev, enika izizathu, ukuba bathethe malunga ingcwaba lakhe ukufa kule ndawo.

wamagama

Ukungcatshwa umqhubi mfana zange bakholwe izalamane zakhe, nabo ababeqhelene naye. Nyana iGeorge likaNina umzukulwana efuna refutation uluntu ulwazi Kwawiswa iimpapasho ezininzi, ngaphandle njengokubhekisa kulo naluphi na amaxwebhu. umyalelo ngqo, amaqabane, kuquka i-Yak-7 izixhobo moya, anike bezichaza iimpawu pilot: Z Nikitovich Hruschov wayeyindoda bame onesibindi. Wayekulangazelela ukulwa, hayi ezimele emva umhlana namaqabane akhe, yaye ingxelo I. Zamorina - bobunye ubungqina. igama Iqhawe yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ngaphezu ukufuna ezishiya enexabiso. uphando ngakumbi - mbandela mbali emfundo imbeko, abo kufuneka aphelise ukusasazeka amarhe neembono.