Yiyiphi ibalinganiswa yincamelon? Sihlalutya ibali lika A.P. "I-Chameleon" yeKhekhov

"Ububele buyi-udade we talente." Leli gama linokusetyenziswa ngempumelelo kumsebenzi walo mbhali, u-Anton Chekhov. Ngaphandle kokushiya ibali elincinane okanye ibali elifutshane, unokudala imifanekiso enamandla, thintela inamba enkulu yezihloko ezahlukeneyo-ezentlalontle kunye neziphakade. Ukusebenzisa amagama angamaqhina, iinkcukacha, ukukhupha ukuphendula malunga nezenzo zamaqhawe, i-Chekhov yatshintsha imihla ngemihla, iimeko zemihla ngemihla ibe yinto ethile - into evumela ukuba sigwebe ukuba umntu unomusa okanye unomsindo, unoyovuyo, njl Konke oku kunokusetyenziswa kwibali elithi "Chameleon". Umlobi uphatha njani uKryukin no-Ochumelov? Yiyiphi ibalinganiswa yincamelon? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inikwe kule nqaku.

Imbali yendalo kunye nezixhobo zohlobo

"I-Chameleon" ingowona uhlobo lwebali elihlekayo. Njengoko kuyaziwa, i-Chekhov yenze inqwaba, ukuba kungengamakhulu, amabali ahlukeneyo, amabali amfutshane, "imifanekiso", "izinto ezincinci" kunye nemifanekiso kwixesha lokuqala lomsebenzi wakhe (i-80 yekhulu lokugqibela). Phakathi kwabo wahleka usulu iintsilelo ezahlukeneyo zabantu. Kwaye "i-Chameleon", ebhalwe ngo-1884 kwaye iphapashwe "kwi-Shards" phantsi kwegama elingu-Antosh Chehonte, ayikho into ehlukile. Makhe sizame ukufumanisa ukuba yiyiphi i-defect Chekhov ehleka ngeli xesha, kwaye ngubani na wamaqhawe e-chameleon. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala ngoku siza kuhlalutya umxholo.

Iqhinga

Isici esahlukileyo seprokhose yeChekhov sishukumisa. Akukho zibonakaliso ezide, iingxelo zomlobi kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ngokuchasene noko, isenzo senzeke apha kwaye ngoku, ngokukhawuleza. Ibali liqala ngokuchaza indlela ipolisa egama linguOchumelov idlula ngayo kwisikwere soko. Inkcazo yeenkcukacha zembonakalo yenkqonkqo, kunye nesithuba esiphezulu, sinikezwa ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, akunzima ukuba umfundi abe nomcabango omuhle ukuba acinge ngendoda eneminyaka emaphakathi (nokuba yintoni enye inokuthi iphoyisa ihambe nayo) kunye nepolisa ehamba ecaleni kwayo, onomthwalo ongenakubekezelelwa ezandleni zakhe-i sieve esithathwe i-gooseberry. Kwinqanaba lithe cwaka kwaye lixinezelekile ("akukho zikhonkwane"). Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, idolophu ebonakalisiweyo yinqaba ye-philistinism, apho uKokhov wayenentlonelo embi.

Kodwa ubuyele kwibali. Umlinganiso olinganiselweyo we-Ochumelov kunye noorhulumente uyaphazamisa ingxolo. Omnye wesibini - kunye namadoda abona inja ephuma kwindawo yokuqala, kwaye uHryukin ugijima emva kwakhe, umkhandi wegolide, onomunwe wamagazi. Iqokelela isihlwele. U-Ochumelov uphulaphule ibali lexhoba (inja inyoka ngenxa yokuba inxila idla igwayi ebusweni bayo) kwaye igqiba: inja kufuneka ibhujiswe. Kodwa ke umntu uyaqaphela ukuba isilwanyana sinokuba ngumntu jikelele. U-Ochumelov uthabatha ngokukhawuleza inja yelo, de kube iphoyisa libonisa ukungathandabuzi malunga nemvelaphi yenja. Ngoko u-Ochumelov utshintsha uluvo lwakhe ngezihlandlo ezininzi, ngelixa kudlula iProkho, umpheki-jikelele, akayi kungqina: isilwanyana singomzalwana womntu oqhelekileyo ofikelele ekutyeleleni. Oku kubangela ukuba umgcini-mgcini abe nobumnandi obuhle kunye nosongelo kuHryukin. Ukuphela kwebali. Enye into ayicacanga: ngubani na i-chameleon kwibali likaChekhov? Nendlela yokuchaza igama lomsebenzi? Ukuphindaphinda kwesiqhelo sesicatshulwa asiyi kuphendula le mibuzo.

Ngoko, yiyiphi iqhawe elincinci?

Kwiprose yeChekhov, ukuthelekisa umlingiswa kwisilwanyana kusoloko kuthetha ukuvavanya kwayo. Ngubani ongayifumananga kumabhali omlobi: kwaye ujikeleze njenge-beetle, umlingisi ophezulu ophethe umfazi. Okanye udibanise negusha ngokuxhamla kwabantu - kuyintlekele! Ngokuqhelekileyo kule nkcazo, ungakwazi ukudibana neengqungquthela ezinokukwazi ukutshintsha izimvo zabo malunga neemeko. Ngoko yiyiphi na amaqhawe enkundleni? Impendulo ilula: umveleli u-Ochumelov, utshintsho kwizinto ezibangele ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwesihlwele, kunye nomfundi-ngokumomotheka.

Iindlela zokudibanisa

Ukongezelela ukuthelekisa nezilwanyana, i-Chekhov ibhekisela kwezinye iindlela zobuqhetseba, umzekelo, ifani yokuthetha. Chervyakov, Gryaznorukov, Gnilodushkin, Polzukhin ... Ochumelov noKhryukin bajoyine le nkampani enhle. Ukuqonda umfanekiso wesibini, ifani ibaluleke kakhulu. Nangona okokuqala xa ufunda umsebenzi wegolide, unokuthabatha ixhoba, umfundi onomphulaphulo uya kuphawula ubuqhetseba obungokomoya bomlingiswa, oya kumvumela ukuba alinganise nehagu.

Ukuqwalasela iinkcukacha. E-Chekhov nabo bathetha. Ngoko, utshintsho olungapheliyo lwezigqibo, olubonakala lukhohlakeleyo, lugxininiswa zizicelo zesiphaphaza ukuba ziphose okanye zisuse iingubo zakhe. Ithuba lokungaxhamli ngokubanzi ngokubanzi ngqo lichaphazela u-Ochumelov, ukumnyanzelisa ukuba atshise okanye aphephe.

Imbono yoMbhali

Ngoko, umbuzo wamaphi amaqhawe e-chameleon kumsebenzi kaChekhov unqunyulwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba abanye abadlali baya kudlulela kweso lombhali? Akunjalo. Ngaphezulu sathi iChekhov ihlekisayo ngokukhawuleza kunye neKhryukin, kodwa kungekhona nje kuphela aba babini abalinganiswa. Ugxekisa isixeko sonke, ngenxa yeenkcazo apho uAnton Pavlovich wayenemizila emibini.

Ibali likaKhekhov ngumsebenzi onomsebenzi omele ufundwe esikolweni. Ngombulelo kuye, isizukulwana esincinane siyakwazi ukuba ngubani u-kameleon (kulabo badibana nomendo wobomi), kwaye ngubani, ngokuchaseneyo, ngumntu onomusa onyanisekileyo.