Yiyiphi eyona njongo? Iimpawu, umgangatho, ifomu kunye ingqalelo izinto

Njengoko yaziwa, ingqalelo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi wonke umntu. Kodwa asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kukho inani kunokuba elikhulu kweentlobo zayo, iifomu kunye iimpawu, iimpawu ezahlukileyo kakhulu enye kwenye.

ingqalelo isigama

Isilumkiso - le yinkqubo self-learning. Ukuba ukubuza umbuzo malunga hlobo ingqalelo, singatsho ukuba akukho ibonisa ngokwalo ngokwahlukileyo ayikho. Kodwa ke, yenye yeendima ezibalulekileyo kumsebenzi kwengqondo njengoko idala kwaye ilawula ukusebenza. Nawuphi na umsebenzi kwengqondo yenziwa ngabom, ngoko ingqalelo kuyakuba njalo umsebenzi lokuqonda.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko yimeko ekhethekileyo lokuqonda. Ngenxa ingqalelo ekugxilwe kuzo zijoliswe ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo ngokwasengqondweni, ukuba ngokupheleleyo nangokuchanekileyo kubonise ngokwenene. Ukongeza, le ngcamango inxulumene kwiinkqubo ezininzi oluvo okanye ngokwasengqondweni. Kodwa ke eyona ephawuleka obu budlelwane phakathi ukushukumisa neembono abaninzi.

Iimpawu ingqalelo kunye neenkqubo zayo

1. Uzinzo uchazwa ixesha yokusondela ingqalelo enye into efanayo imisebenzi efanayo okanye efanayo.
2. Inkqubo kweefom yoxinaniso kunye nengqalelo ziyanda intensities umqondiso xa intsimi elilinganiselweyo okuqonda. Basebenzisa ukulibaziseka ingqalelo elide into ethile, kwakunye umntanakho kwezinye iimpembelelo ukuba ayifanele abantu ngeli xesha.
3. Focus zibonakale ngenxa yokuba sinikele ingqalelo into ethile, ukuze ufumane ulwazi kakhulu kwaye iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko kuyo.
4. Iinkqubo umsebenzi lonikezelo kunye nengqalelo iyaqwalaselwa subjectively abanamava ubuchule ukugcina inani elithile lezinto ezahlukeneyo omnye ngexesha elinye.
5. inkqubo pereklyuchaemosti imele ngesidanga isantya utshintsho ukusuka ngokukodwa umsebenzi omnye komnye ngokupheleleyo (kukho ityala pereklyuchaemost embi ukuphazamiseka phambi).
6. Ukwenza ehlobene kakhulu ukwazi ukuba amisele naziphi na iimpawu ngokutsho umsebenzi owenziwayo, ukubaluleka, ukufaneleka kunye njalo njalo.

Eyona eziphambili ze ingqalelo

Ingqalelo kubonakala nge iinkqubo woluvo kwaye ekrelekrele, nayo yonke imisebenzi eyenziwayo usebenzisa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenjongo
umsebenzi. Ngenxa yoko kukho iintlobo eziphambili ingqalelo: imoto, yovakalelo, ngabom, okrelekrele okanye ngempazamo.

Ixabiso umthamo buchazwa inani lezinto, nto leyo enokubadla imali ngqo kwaye kugxininisa isifundo ngexesha elithile okwesibini. Oku kubalwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo - tachistoscope. Ngephanyazo, umntu unako kuphethulela ingqalelo zabo izinto eziliqela langoku, njengoko umthetho, inani labo - ukusuka ezine ukuya kwezintandathu.

kugxilwe motor

Enjani ingqalelo, iyaziwa kwabaninzi, kodwa xa kufikwa injini ngohlobo lwayo, kuba zibandakanya nezilungiso ezithile. Njengomgaqo, ugxininiso motor ngesiqhelo kwi intshukumo kunye nemisebenzi ukuba yenziwa ngumntu. It ivumela ngokuqinileyo ngakumbi ngokucacileyo wazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule ukuba
isicelo practice. Motor ingqalelo uhlobo ilawula intshukumo kunye inyathelo, kwaye ilawula bona. Batyekele ingqalelo nasiphi na isifundo esithile, ingakumbi xa kunyanzelekile ukuba ngqo kakhulu kwaye icacile.

kugxilwe touch

ingqalelo oluvo kunokwenzeka xa izinto enyama nemizwa. iintlobo enjalo ingqalelo ukunika inkcazelo echanileyo zonke izinto kunye neempawu zazo. Oku kubonakala ebusweni iimvakalelo zabantu. Ngenxa imifanekiso ekugxilwe yasemgceni ezinokuvela engqondweni, i izinto ecacileyo neya-. iintlobo basenokuba ezibonwayo, ezikhalayo, ukuqgiba, njalo-njalo. Njengoko umthetho,
abantu ingakumbi kubonakala ngokwamehlo nangeendlebe iimbono zakhe, owokuqala leyo kwingcingane kakuhle ngaye, njengoko intle zabo lula ukuqonda alungise.

ingqalelo yengqondo

Umgangatho uhlobo kushicilelo ingqalelo ingqalelo umsebenzi ngakumbi kakhulu ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo cognitive ayimfuneko afana yokucinga, inkumbulo kunye nomfanekiso- ngqondweni. Ngenxa yoko, abantu ngcono kakhulu ukwazi ukukhumbula lukwavelisa ulwazi, kwaye udale imifanekiso kucaca ngobungqola uze ucinge ngendlela enemveliso. Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo luphawulwa bubukho womlinganiswa lwangaphakathi kwaye phantse ingafikeleleki lophando, lo ngowona mncinane kakuhle, ngoko ke kunzima ukuba ukunika ingcaciso ngqo yaloo hlobo ingqalelo.

ingqalelo ngokuzithandela

ingqalelo iyangena okanye ngabom ivela xa umntu injongo okanye umsebenzi ukuba silumke ngokuphathelele naziphi na izenzo zezifundo nangokwasengqondweni. Njengomgaqo, olu hlobo ingqalelo sibhekiswe ukuba balungise iinkqubo yovakalelo kunye neyezihlunu, kwakunye neentshukumo cognitive lwangaphakathi. iintlobo ngabomu angaba olungenazo Kwiimeko apho umntu kufuneka abe imizamo eqinile-ezithandwa ukuba ingqalelo yakhe ngqo kwaye ingqalelo kwisifundo esithile, ekufuneka uyazi.

Engenasizathu kwathiwa esebenzayo okanye ezinamandla unothanda. Iimpawu ingqalelo kule ezahlukeneyo kukuba liphulo ngqo imvelaphi yayo bobabo le ndoda, yaye indlela bembonakalo yayo sele wenziwe ngenxa yemizamo kunye nentando kwesi sifundo.

Xa kwagxilwa kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nenjongo ngabom, apha sithetha ekuthiwa-form ezamahala, okuhambisana ngokwemvelo izenzo zabantu. Uyavela kwiimeko apho isifundo ifunxwe nawuphi na umsebenzi. Ukongeza apho, ingqwalasela ngokusondeleyo kwindlela umbutho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa into yokuba ingqalelo iyaqhubeka ukufaka kujoliswe, kodwa utshabalalisa ndandingakwazi. Olu hlobo iqala ngokubonakala yayo kwiimeko apho umsebenzi lube mnandi ngakumbi kwaye yenziwe ngaphandle umgudu okhethekileyo.

Ngokumalunga iimeko ukuze kwakhiwe naluphi na uhlobo ingqalelo, uyakwazi ukwahlula ngendlela ecacileyo isicwangciso injongo, umbutho yenkqubo yomsebenzi, ukusetyenziswa iimpawu umsebenzi yengqondo, ukukwazi ingqalelo ixesha elide. Ezi mpawu ziphambili kolu hlobo ingqalelo.

ingqalelo ngokuzenzekelayo

Kule meko efanayo, xa focus okuzikisa enemo zidityaniswe, ingqalelo eyona ngokuzenzekelayo. Enye iintlobo eziphambili olu hlobo ufakelo kuthathwa, kuba zikulungele epheleleyo, okanye olungaka womntu kulo naliphi na inyathelo.

Elingenzi nto (vukele) uhlobo ingqalelo ubonakala yedwa ngaphandle kwenjongo ngakwicala zesifundo. Oku kubangelwa iimpawu zomntu kubalulekile ukuba iindidi zezinto ngezimanga ezininzi. Iimpawu olu hlobo ingqalelo liye lancitshiswa ukuba wabonakala eziphambili kwaye imiba ukumqumbisa na into oyiphiweyo kwesi sifundo.

Ukongeza apho, ingqwalasela ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze umdla zizinto ezininzi eqaqambileyo (ukukhanya ngesiquphe, iingxolo elikhulu, amavumba ezibukhali kunye nabanye). Kwezinye iimeko, le hlobo kungabangela, kungabi zizinto zibonakale kakhulu (xa ukudibana ngokupheleleyo umdla, iimfuno kunye nesimo sengqondo yomntu).

Xa ingqalelo ukubhaliswa ilungu ngokuzenzekelayo kakhulu ezibalulekileyo umbhalo (ingakumbi iincwadi zabantwana). Le fom luxhomekeke kakhulu kwi iimpawu ezenzeka ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle anyanzelwe, waya phezu ithutyana elide. Internal ibangela ingqalelo ngokuzenzekelayo enikwe zokulindela amava ezithile. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufunda, kubalulekile ukucacisa ingcamango rough kule ncwadi.

inani focus

Ngokubanzi, ingqalelo eyodwa yenziwe ngohlobo lokuba yimeko esisiseko ukuba ukuphumelela nawuphi na umsebenzi ophezulu wokuqonda. umsebenzi wawo ukuphuculwa nezinye iintlobo zomsebenzi, apho Iqinisekile, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba umsebenzi ekhethekileyo imveliso. Ukongeza, eminye imithombo bengqondo unako ukufunda, ukuba ingqalelo ngumbutho umsebenzi ngokwasengqondweni ngawo mbono, iminqweno, iingcinga wasiqonda ngokucacileyo ngakumbi omnye, nevuthisayo, ke, into kubomi okanye alubonwanga.

Ngoko ke, ingqwalasela ngabom kulawulwa ngokuthi kugxininiswe into ethile. Ukunyulwa komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni kwi iimpawu zesifundo langoku (umtsalane, lwangaphandle kunye neempawu zangaphakathi umdla mkhanyo). Wayifaka Bulelani umntu kuxhomekeka imisebenzi yakhe.

Ukuba umntu uyayazi loo hlobo ingqalelo, uyaqonda ukuba nemiphumo emihle kwaye impumelelo yomsebenzi ezahlukeneyo baxhomekeke ngqo kwi ukubeka indlela injongo kunye nendlela yokucwangcisela amanyathelo ukufikelela kuyo. Kwakhona ebalulekileyo lixesha ezinxulumene isidanga kwengcaciso indlela yemizamo yakhe ngexesha umsebenzi.