Yintoni yokudubula yaye yintoni intsingiselo yayo lomzimba?

Beautiful iigadi nobukhosi esivumba iintyatyambo ubuncwane baba umhombiso ebalulekileyo izindlu elunge onke amaxesha ubudala. imiyezo Royal, Boyarsky Dvor, Manor ngokuyimfuneko sele enqatyisiweyo izithuba ezimangalisayo imbonakalo yazo waphakamisa isimo waza wenza ukuba uzive aselula, libukhali, kuba yothando.

Namhlanje iintyatyambo - nohombisoa engundoqo ubomi mfazi, kunye nabantu ngokubanzi. ngeyantlukwano yabo elikhulu nje emangalisayo: endle, cute kunye elula, igadi ikhule ngokukodwa, ezinkulu esimnandi, zodongwe ekhaya, bakwazi ukuba bahombise naliphi na igumbi.

Noko ke, bambalwa abantu babecinga ukuba yokudubula ivela mbono zenzululwazi.

ukuba nombono

Enyanisweni, impendulo ilula. Yintoni yokudubula eziphilayo? Eli qela iintyatyambo ngesityalo ngasinye, ibekwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo kwi esqwini efanayo. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ngokulandelelana, kwaye hayi iintlobo efanayo kwezakhiwo.

Ukuze ufumane iintyatyambo ukuthengiswa kulinywa flora ngaphandle inflorescences. Ezi zinkulu iintyatyambo, inemibala eqaqambileyo esinye isimo ezingaqhelekanga, uhlobo, umbala, okanye incasa. Kubo ukwenza amaqoqo ezintle, iingobozi, yenza amalungiselelo intyatyambo. Noko ke, izityalo zendalo abahlala iimeko zendalo zidla iintyatyambo eliphakathi-ertyisi baninzi, buthathwa ngendlela ethile. Yintoni na nezidubula ngayo iindidi zezityalo? Cinga iinkcukacha.

iimpawu zezakhiwo

Ukusuka kwindawo zebhayoloji lwembono, kukho iindidi ezimbini ezisisiseko nesakhiwo yokudubula:

1. Botricheskoe okanye bokotsvetnoe. Ezi zityalo ube iintyatyambo ezininzi eziqokelelwe kwi-axis efanayo ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kodwa eneentyatyambo iqala kuphela emazantsi. I top-ezininzi intyatyambo uqalisa kutyatyamba wokugqibela. Ezi ziquka inflorescences elula: ngebrashi, iindlebe, iambrela, abalindi kunye nabanye.
2. Tsimoznoe. Yintoni lujongo yokudubula ezifana? Yohluka ukusuka kwiqela yangaphambili njengentyantyambo apical watyhila ifeni entlahleni abanye kuqala, uze emva koko esingezantsi. Eli qela libandakanya kancinane inflorescences ezinobunzima: monohazy, dichasium kunye pleyohazy.

flower ngalinye yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze ukuphunyezwa umsebenzi emveliso iindawo zezakhiwo: i isitya, peduncle, stipules, pistil kunye stamens. nobukhulu zabo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesityalo, kwakunye nenani. Ngokomzekelo, eminye imithi yesundu kunye agaves, kukho amashumi amawaka iintyatyambo ngendlela yokudubula, kwaye ubukhulu ifikelela kwiimitha ezili-14 ukuphakama, iziimitha ezili-12 ububanzi.

iintlobo

Ukuphendula umbuzo malunga yintoni na nezidubula ngayo iindidi zezityalo, babezingenisa kucalulo encinane lula yonke:

• botricheskie elula;
• ezintsonkothileyo;
• tsimoznye;
• iintyatyambo eyodwa.

uhlobo ngalunye luquka iintlobo eziliqela, ekufuneka kuqwalaselwe iinkcukacha.

inflorescences elula

Abameli kolu didi lwe okulula. Ezi ndidi zilandelayo yokudubula zithiwe thaca kule nguqulo:

• Brush - on the axis ephambili iye iintyatyambo ezininzi ezincinane, nganye kuyimfuneko ukuba peduncle. Imizekelo izityalo: cherries, i-ertyisi elithozamisayo, neenkumbi omnyama, toadflax, inyibiba, intsimbi, ikhaphetshu kunye nezinye.
• Kolos - esiqwini engundoqo (kusekude) kukho iintyatyambo ezininzi, kodwa ngaphandle peduncles, oko kukuthi amavila. Imizekelo: verbena, orchid, ngeplantain, sedge, orchis, umbona (isakhiwo obhinqileyo), kunye nabanye.
• Sasibhalwe - i axis eziphambili obukhulu kakhulu, eqinileyo kunye nenyama. Kuso ukuba iintyatyambo ezinkulu sessile iinombolo ezahlukeneyo. Imizekelo: calla, arum, nekalamo. Xa izityalo ezininzi kuxwebhu isiseko luqokelelane egubungele imibala eqaqambileyo.
• Simple plate - I wonder ukuba yokudubula ufana ngebrashi, kodwa iyahluka feature. Pedicels yeentyatyambo zikhabane elide, nto leyo ebenza elilinganayo ubude wonke umntu. Ngenxa yoko, indlela jikelele ifunyenwe ngohlobo noxwebhu rhoqo. Imizekelo: apile, hawthorn, pere, spirea, Plum.
• Simple yokuma - sisityalo kunye axis elifutshane ephambili. ivame bufutshane ukuba zonke iintyatyambo phezu izikhondo ubude efanayo abavelayo ephuma phezulu kwizikhondo. Imizekelo: primrose, primrose, Angelica, fennel, iminqathe, amatswele, icherry, ikonofile, njalo-njalo.
• Intloko - into ephawulekayo kakhulu ukuba oku kudla ngokuba yokudubula kunzima njengoko kubonakala kulula. I-axis oluphambili asisifutshane ukuze phantse engabonakaliyo, neentyantyambo naphakathi ezininzi ziyaqokelelwa cap ashinyeneyo ngaphezulu. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba mhlawumbi ngokupheleleyo okanye phantse akukho peduncles abantu amavila. Oku ngakumbi nzima kuyilo jikelele. Imizekelo izityalo: i-, ilusini, ADOXA, teasel kunye nabanye.
• Basket - efana kakhulu entloko unembinana nje kuphela enkulu umgca patelliform ukuqina enkcochoyini. Ngaloo ndlela kuvela ukuba zonke iintyatyambo kwakubonakala ukuba ahlale qho eqhelekileyo. Ingakumbi eqhelekileyo kuyinto yokudubula xa abameli usapho Compositae. Imizekelo: edandelion, ujongilanga, chamomile, cornflower, chicory, Aster, Cirsium, artichoke iYerusalem, kosmeya kunye nabanye. Ngobozini-nye lungalungiselelwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iintyatyambo: yeengcongolo, nengenisa-okwe okanye lozhnoyazychkovye. Oku kuxhomekeke kudidi lwesityalo. Ngaphezu koko, amagqabi esiqwini ezinabantu kakhulu walungiselela ukuba ihlale-phantsi lamina, isiseko yothethathethwano.

yokudubula complex

Eli qela libandakanya ezo ezithi eziqokelelwe ukusuka ezilula ezimbalwa kwaye afumaneka kwi isityalo efanayo. Ngaphezu koko, ezi ntlobo inflorescences babe phawu mnye: enye inxalenye ingase ibe uhlobo olufanayo okanye eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Maxa wambi kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba ukujonga uhlobo kwingxinano kakhulu kwaye indibaniselwano iinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Itotali inflorescences complex iquka iintlobo ezintlanu.

Indlebe kunye Gnostic

Sele wachaza ukuba yokudubula ezintsonkothileyo. Ngoku makhe sithethe iintlobo ezithile.

• Spike kuba ezimbalwa spikelets ezilula eziqokelelwe kwi esqwini eziphambili isakhiwo eqhelekileyo. Kubonakala amaninzi kula macandelo ngaphakathi isityalo esinye. Amaninzi, olu hlobo kunokubonwa okuziinkozo: irye, ingqolowa, ibhali, i-oats, kunye nezinye iintsiba.
• Cyme yakhelwe phezu mgaqo, kuphela umbel elula encinane. Luphawulwa inflorescences ezinjalo ukuba abameli kusapho igama elifanayo: goutweed, Angelica, iseleri, ikumin, ngumhlonyane, parsley, fennel kunye nabanye.

Phehla namakhaka

Panicle complex ekuthiwa yokudubula, eyenziwa esqwini engundoqo lesebe icala, apho zicwangciswe kwi eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo ezimbalini brush. Ngaphandle, ezi Abameleli pleyohazii efana kakhulu (tsimoidnye yokudubula). Imizekelo izityalo: Lilac, umlilo, umhlonyane, umbona elithozamisayo (njengentyantyambo oyindoda) kunye nabanye.

Shield iquka indibano olula inflorescences ezifana. It has ifomu imi silnovetvyaschihsya ukuphakama enye kwi peduncles ezahlukeneyo ngezixengxe ngeentyatyambo ngaphezulu. Imizekelo izityalo: cranberry, elderberry, kunye nabanye.

catkin

Esi yokudubula enzima, nto leyo isakhiwo ilenga, uyafa ngokupheleleyo emva fruiting okanye ukudubula izityalo. Esiqwini ziphambili ndawonye ibrashi okanye spikelets iintyatyambo ezincinane eziqhelekileyo ngenkangeleko, ngokuqhelekileyo umbala omhlophe okanye isibonda. Imizekelo izityalo: ezinde, alder, uHazel, uHazel, nezom-nabanye.

cyme

Eli qela, nto leyo zibandakanya amathupha tathu fan-like. Iqala inkqubo wentyatyambo eziphezulu Uyabahombisa shaft engundoqo. Ke ukudibanisa zonke isakhiwo ngxabano. Kuko konke, eli qela inflorescences iquka iintlobo ezintathu:

1. Monohazy. Igama yesibini - le verhotsvetnik single-msebe. Ubume yokudubula yakhelwe phezu siseko isantya. I-axis ephambili iqukumbela intyatyambo esinye ngaphezulu, nto leyo ithe yachithwa kuqala, xa kufika ixesha. Emva kokuba unyityilikiswa amathupha yesibini, njengoko enye, ibekwe ecaleni ngezantsi esqwini yangaphambili. Emva koko, lo wesithathu, nayo kwi isiqu eyahlukileyo lateral eyayizalwa. Kwaye ke isantya phantse ukuya ezantsi ngamasebe othabathela esikhondweni ephambili, songeza ngeentyatyambo olunye, njengoko umthetho, eliphakathi okanye ubukhulu enkulu.
2. Dihazialnye inflorescences. Igama lesibini - verhotsvetnik-msebe. Kakhulu nzima kubume isakhiwo. Intonga ephambili iqukumbela intyatyambo enye, nto leyo ithe yachithwa kuqala. Emva koko banzi axially malunga enye kwenye ukwandisa sidetracks, ezimila ukuphakama njengoko ezingundoqo iphele ngeentyatyambo elinye. Ngezantsi - le ezimanyeneyo kwelesithathu kwi isimbo enye, njalo-njalo. Ngokubanzi, kuvela isakhiwo kakhulu entsonkothileyo zizonke, kufana weambrela elula.
3. Pleyohazy. Ngokutsho isakhiwo iyafana ezikhula nezidubula isambuleli ezintsonkothileyo. Kwenye ibizwa ngokuba verhotsvetnikom multipath. Yintoni limele? Eyona axis ezingundoqo kugudiswa intyatyambo apical elide ngokwaneleyo, ukuba ukuyichitha kuqala. Emva koko isuka esqwini engundoqo ye icala, kuye - icala ezimbalwa, kubo - elandelayo. Wonke isetyana encinane uvelisa kwi phezulu a single intyatyambo. Ngokubanzi, isityalo esinye kweentyatyambo ngokupheleleyo ufana bayawarhawula ezilungileyo isipha seentyatyambo.

Glomerulus - cyme

Ingakumbi isakhiwo, akukho eqhelekileyo. Kubonakala ngathi sembali sivalisisekile swi. A ezininzi peduncles iintyatyambo ezincinane lava pfumalaka, ndawonye libe phantsi kophahla olunye, ngokuba glomerulus.

Omnye wemizekelo yoku indlela ezikhula nezidubula ngayo izityalo ezifana quinoa, beet, isipinatshi zasendle, barnyardgrass, Kalidium, pigweed, Salsola kunye nabanye.

Indima nokubaluleka

Ngoku uhlala nje ukufumana phandle, yintoni na ixabiso inflorescences. Kungandawoni na ukuba akhiwa kwizityalo? Kakade ke, ukuba umntu oko nexabiso elikhulu kubuhle. Ngaphezu koko, oko kudla iintyatyambo ukuba izinto zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nokulungiselela infusions, decoctions.

Kodwa loo nto kuba izityalo ngokwabo intsingiselo yebhayoloji yolo inflorescences kule malungiselelo alandelayo:

• Iintyatyambo amancinci ngakumbi okanye naphakathi ibuthelana, i buqapheleke iya kuba ummeli flora ukuba ukuhlakanipha izinambuzane. Ingakumbi, ukuba ixhaswa ngaphezulu eziqaqambileyo umbala Corolla.
• Ukwenziwa inflorescences ivumela izityalo ukuba uwise umungu ngakumbi umoya uze zimke nayo.
• In iintshinyela indawo ngcono wakonwabela eqokelelwa iintyatyambo yokudubula, njengoko ngale ndlela babe nzima ukugubungela nkqu amagqabi emithi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ezisasaza ezibonakalayo.
• Inflorescences angaphezu nje kunye nokusasaza pollen cross-uvuvuzelo.

Oko kukuthi indima engundoqo - ukunyusa umgangatho yokuzala, babe indawo enkulu ukuba yokuhlala, ukunika nobomi wembewu elizayo.