Yintoni na yeqonga. History of Arts theatre

Imbali yobuciko wokubonelwa yaqala ngamakhoboka. Masithi ngelo xesha kweyisa ubukhoboka engabanga imfundo. Kodwa yazini abantu into yokubonela. Sikhule ezinzonzobileni zamanzi imbali ende yabantu, iingcambu zawo, ungena iimfihlelo yamandulo abantu abaninzi izithethe, wokuzonwabisa neminyhadala. Ezivele kule qho eqhelekileyo inyathelo ephambili kwinqakwana kunye nohlobo kabuhlungu (ezifana kwiSaturnalia, iimfihlelo) kunegama izinto idrama (in a uyilo wentsomi) isakhiwo sebali yayiquka umdaniso, ingxoxo yababini, iingoma eziculwayo, mummers, iimaski. Ngcembe yenzekile kunye namanyathelo yokungcola iziseko zonqulo, bodwa evela abalinganiswa isihlwele ekungqungqeni, iguqulela umthendeleko ngobuninzi ebalulekileyo ehlelekile emdlalweni. Konke oku kwavula indlela ukuvela othandwayo enjalo zonke idrama boncwadi. Ebisebenza omzimba yabaphulaphuli kunye abadlali lwabonisa umsebenzi ezibalulekileyo zentlalo yale fomu art.

Le nkqubo ngokucacileyo kuchazwe yeqonga of Ancient Greece, nto leyo eye yaba negalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso esebenzayo kwangala yaseYurophu. Umzi-ithi, waba yintloko ubomi ebalulekileyo ekuhlaleni. Yintoni na le yeqonga e Greece yamandulo? ke Umelo baba umthendeleko ethandwayo enkulu. Ngelo omkhulu, amphitheatre omkhulu phantsi izulu livulekile, ukuya amashumi lonke amawaka ababukeli bebambe ongezantsi. Ukongeza abadlali ekhoyo oqeqeshiweyo akwazi ukudlala phandle imbono kunye nabemi - amalungu wekwayala ngokwayo. Umdaniso nomculo zazibalulekile, izinto eziphambili isenzo.

Yintoni na le yeqonga eRoma mandulo? ngakumbi Kukho zikhuliswe wawungenakucetywa uninzi zomsebenzi, nokuba ukutshintsha uhlobo ndawo, ukwanda izixhobo theatre yobungcali, ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi (umculo intlekisa wezomdaniso kwizifundo wentsomi - izimbo zomzimba, nto leyo kufikelelwe kuyo Ixesha Empire unamathupha na, wahlala de 5 kakhulu. uhlobo ethandwayo wokubonelwa).

theatre yaseYurophu kumaXesha Aphakathi phantse yaphela. Uilyam Shekspir kunye bemidlalo ezimbalwa kwinkulungwane XV. waphila ngayo. Emva koko, ngaphandle kokukhetha, badlala iindima amakhwenkwe namadoda. Actress yokuqala ukuvela kwi troupes ezithandwayo Italian labadlali wayehambahamba abadlale comedy "Injongo arte" (umdlalo encinane elihlekisayo inxaxheba imbopheleleko yenu kweenzingo zabalinganiswa).

inkcubeko Humanistic le Renaissance evuselela isiko yamandulo zobugcisa wokubonelwa, edibanisa nabo isithethe owayesisityebi intsomi lemveli lesizwe. Xa nemidlalo ye bemidlalo adumileyo kwexesha utyhila imbali kwi ngquzulwano zosulele zopolitiko nezentlalo.

Ukwanda le yeqonga ezinxulumene kunye nokusasazwa ebonakalayo classicism, eli lilizwe kawonke - ukudityaniswa ezinye kolawulo absolutist kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. msebenzi abadlali kwaba ukudala umfanekiso entsonkothileyo hero weyisayo kwimizabalazo zangaphakathi kunye obabuza dichotomy zakhe phakathi neemfuno umdla karhulumente kunye nawabucala. iingxaki Modern kweli xesha ezifunyenwe ungumntu nje kunye ezibalulekileyo jikelele. Nantso into Bekubonela classicism.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-18, yaba ingundaba engundoqo iingcamango yoohlohlesakhe rapid yiEnlightenment. Xa ubugcisa abadlali bexesha ubumi elungileyo kudityaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo nomnqweno onamandla ukwenza olupheleleyo omtsha, kunye nomdla inyaniso.

Romanticism yaba neminqweno izihlwele lwentando yesininzi nezimvo humanistic. Phantsi banner eli xesha kule drama zenzeka umzabalazo serious naye classicism imitative - uhlanga, historicism, ubuzwe.

Ngokoqobo, ebe ilungiselelwa yi yeqonga ye yiEnlightenment, uze romanticism, wathenga iifom ezizimeleyo 30-40gg ephucukileyo. 19. zaze indawo liphezulu lubalaseleyo ngu-ngenkulungwane phakathi.

Kwindawo yokubonela mihla wenza i Yindibanisela iintlobo ezininzi zobugcisa, iingxaki zentlalo kunye neemvakalelo - uhlalutyo ngokwasengqondweni, kwimbono ephakamileyo yokuziphatha, imeko nasemphefumlweni kokusebenziseka, ukuthembeka kunye namava exake amakheswa, lyrics kunye uvuthondaba. Konke oku kuza ku edwelisa ebhegini engalindelekanga kunye. Yintoni na Bekubonela ixesha lethu? Le umkhwa ngokukhawuleza ukusondela umsebenzi nangakumbi imifanekiso ukugcina iindlela ezibalulekileyo zobugcisa meaningfulness zabo. Namhlanje, olu hlobo art lee ngaphandle nomlawuli. Okunye okuphawulekayo nikulungele design.