Yintoni na le oli fusel

oyile Fusel ibizwa eceleni yokubola. Igcwele elubhorha ngotywala crude kwaye abe livumba elibi kakhulu isici. Bamele i ulwelo olunamafutha, apho unokuba umbala ukusuka mthubi ukukhanya ukuba yingqombela brown. Icandelo iphambili yale iziyobisi alkoholi C3-C9, kunye aldehydes furfunol acids okunamafutha. Aldehydes kunye alkoholi ifumile kuvela kwinkqubo metabolizing acid asidi nagwele. Fusel oyile abakhoyo, ezifana ngayo utywala, ngokunjalo kwi niyalazi, kwaye izixa kahle esikhulu.

Xa iziselo ekhaya kunye alkoholi ephezulu yezi ubumdaka ngxaki kakhulu sibi. niyalazi neyanamhlanje lwenziwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezizodwa. Ilungiselela utywala okuqokelelwe-agaye utshwala. Ngaphezu koko, itshiswa ukuya kwiqondo eliphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, baqale ume ngaphandle wesigidi utywala. Emva okupholisa, ejiya yokugqibela kwaye ingena isikhongozeli walungisa ngaphambili phantsi.

Xa ulwelo kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga imo ubushushu. elimsulwa ukukhanya eziqulethwe Braga, baqale lubila lobushushu izidanga malunga 68. Ngaphezu koko, kubushushu 78 ^{° C,} i komphunga okunzulu -ethanol. Xa zokufudumeza emva ^{ukuya ku-85} ° C ukusuka kwimveliso ekuqaleni kuba ioli abadumileyo fusel ezingathandekiyo.

yoko kucingwa ukuba ngokukhawuleza zokufudumeza kwenzeka niyalazi, ukusebenza umsebenzi wayo. Xa ulwelo kwiqondo lobushushu ukuya ku-78 ^{° C} ifunyenwe ekuthiwa pervach, equlethe ubumdaka ezininzi eziyingozi ukukhanya. Thatha imveliso efanayo ngaphakathi, kwakunye ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa ukusetyenziswa lwangaphandle, umzekelo, kwi Cologne okanye lotions, okanye nayiphi na imeko engenakwenzeka. Xa ufika iqondo lobushushu imveliso yokuqala ka-78 ^° C kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa amandla ubushushu. Kungenjalo ejection ngumash zinokwenzeka. Phezu ukufudumeza elandelayo kwenzeka inkqubo efanelekileyo eziphambili ngokwalo ukunyanzela utywala.

Kweli nqanaba kufuneka ize nizilumkele ke kunene. Okokuqala, kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo ukuze lobushushu umkhala akazange avuke ngaphezu 83 ^C. Kungenjalo, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, uya kunikwa ukususela oyile fusel. Okwesibini, ngeli xesha, ukuba komphunga ethanol, apho umxholo wayo ngcembe awusafuni Braga.

Ekugqibeleni, kwimveliso yokuqala iya kuba isixa ubuncinane lungasuswa kuphela xa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Kodwa ke, umgangatho asile kabukhali ukuncipha, kuba kuza kwanda umxholo kwezinto ezinobungozi ezifana oyile fusel. Ngenxa yoko, emva kokuba obushushu we 85 ^{° C} neyanamhlanje kufuneka bupheliswe. Inani ekhasa utywala kaEtere nga kuhlolwe ngendlela elula. Ukuze benze oku, lo niyalazi ngenxa ogalelwe iphepha Uvuthise. Ukuba elivutha siselangatyeni ithinti oluhlaza, utywala isekhona nezifumaneka ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba iphepha alumeke phezulu, oko kuthetha ukuba imali encinane. Kulo mzekelo, le nkqubo Malivelise kuphela ukuxubana elandelayo kunye Braga kunye redistillation.

Emva koko, lo asile ngenxa ukususa i oyile ebanjwe kuyo oluthe xhaxhe lunakho nyulu. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ingasetyenziswa iindlela ngeendlela. Umsebenzi olula igqalwa ukucocwa asile potassium permanganate. Ukulungiselela le njongo ngayo ngaphambili exutywe namanzi. Ngelitha asile kufuneka malunga 1-2 grams. Isisombululo yahlaliswa obuthelwe asile kwaye avunyelwe ukuba eme ngeenyawo iiyure 10-12. Emva ukucaciselwa nangakumbi kunye imvula, ulwelo kuhluzeka eli laphu.