Yintoni na ehlabathini iinkonzo: iimpawu kunye neenkcukacha

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, ezinye urhulumente abeke phambili iimpawu ezongezelelweyo kweenkolo zehlabathi. Umzekelo, kwi-USSR, kwakukho iinqobo ezongezelelweyo ngokwendlela ngawo ihlabathi kufuneka isikolo ngokucacileyo bulumko, kuba nempembelelo enkulu kwiziganeko zembali kunye nophuhliso yenkcubeko kufuneka inxulumene ukuba ungubani yesizwe.

Ngokutsho iimpawu ezingundoqo kweenkolo zehlabathi ocetywayo yi-UNESCO, ngaye kukho amathathu:

• Buddhism;
• ubuKristu;
• Islam.

Kukholelwa ukuba bafikelele amanqanaba aphezulu lokuqonda zonqulo, ukufumana iimpawu ezizimeleyo ngobuzwe kunye nendawo yokuhlala.

Buddhism

Buddhism - owayemdala leenkolo zeli lizwe. Got igama layo umseki wayo Buddha, owayephila BC 5-4 leminyaka. e. YamaBhudi emantla-mpuma inxalenye India - ngelo xesha uphuhliso lommandla yayo.

A isici esasenza obuBhuda axhomekeke yokuqhelaniswa yayo esesikweni kunye nezenziwayo. Yena ubachasile kukwayamanisa ukubaluleka ngokugqithisileyo wabonakala lwangaphandle yonqulo - amaziko, izithethe, zabefundisi ngokomoya, kwaye lujolise ingqalelo yakhe ingxaki kobukho bomntu.

E UbuBhuda, ngokungafaniyo Christianity and Islam, akukho iziko Church. ubomi unqulo abunjwe malunga yoonongendi neetempile, nto leyo isimanya uluntu amakholwa, yaye nabani na ukufumana inkxaso kunye nengcebiso.

Le unqulo bhetyebhetye kakhulu. Ngexesha ukhona, iye ithathe ixesha elininzi iingcamango emveli abantu kuyo abathi, ukuthetha nabo ngolwimi lwabo inkcubeko. Ntlandlolo ayikho ngokubanzi phakathi kwezizwe ka-Asia: ingakumbi eMzantsi, Central kunye East, eRashiya - phakathi Tuvan, Kalmyks kunye Buryats. Ngokutsho langoku uye waqhubeka ukuba isasazeke, kunye nabalandeli bakhe enokufunyanwa eYurophu, eMelika, Afrika, Australia, kwaye kwezinye iindawo eRashiya, apho ngaphambili kwakungenjalo.

ubuKristu

UbuKristu waqalisa ukusasaza ngasekupheleni uBukhosi baseRoma, malunga phakathi BC Ngenkulungwane yoku-1. e. Kwaqinisa indawo yayo ngokuchasene nentsukaphi zoqhankqalazo enamandla yezentlalo kuBukhosi, etsala izimvo zabantu malunga umthetheleli olomeleleyo, ukulingana kunye nosindiso jikelele.

UbuKristu ikwazile ngempumelelo ukuze asuse wobuhedeni unqulo yamandulo neRoma kananjalo nangenxa ezininzi izimvo zakhe kunye nezenzo ziye zaziwa abantu kubuYuda. iimpawu Common zobuYuda ubuKristu - inkolelo ekuzeni kukaMesiya, yokungafi komphefumlo ubukho kokufa indawo yomoya.

Ukususela amahlelo engafani abunjwe ngabo Ndimamkele uKristu njengoMesiya, ubuKristu ngokuthe ngcembe bakha bengafumani mpatheko enamandla. Ekugqibeleni, emva kokuba isithuba intshutshiso yeCawa yaba ally lokuqala kwaye zinamandla yombuso waseRoma malunga ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yesi-3.

Nangona ubuKristu kwafuneka kodwa ukuhamba indlela ende wophuhliso kunye nophuhliso neemfundiso, imiqathango ye luhamba loloyiso lonke umhlaba sele kwakhiwa. Nditsho ukwahlulwa elandelayo icawa ayizange buthathaka udumo lwakhe.

Islam

Islam - unqulo mncinane bathathu. Zivela kwi ekuqaleni BC kwenkulungwane 7. e. kwi Arabia. Ngelo xesha, ihlabathi Arab lifumana ekuweni kwenkqubo yezizwe waba aliphelelanga kakhulu, iyenza buthathaka. Ingakumbi umbutho zezizwe ixesha elifunekayo nokudala bengatshatanga Arab. Le ngxaki ingasonjululwa kungenxa ukuvela kwaye isasazeka of Islam.

Umsunguli Islam ithathwa ukuba uMprofeti uMuhammad. Olona phawu uphawu le nkolo kukuba Islam - hayi nje unqulo kodwa ngendlela ezithile zobomi. Ekuqaleni, oko Akujongwanga ukuba ukwahlula phakathi yehlabathi kunye zonqulo, asezweni kunye ezingcwele.

Nangona ebutsheni bakhe, Islam ngokukhawuleza bafumana iimpawu inkolo emhlabeni. Namhlanje ngayo unqulo yesibini ngobukhulu ehlabathini. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi rough, inani lilonke amaSilamsi kwi planethi ngabantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi-gidi. Abaninzi babo bahlale Asia and Afrika.

izimvo ezizezinye

Nangona kukho isigama kumiselwa kwaye zonqulo, iinkonzo zale mihla ihlabathi kunye neempawu zazo - umbuzo evulekileyo ngeendlela ezininzi. Nangona ngokwemveli ezinjalo release omathathu, kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo ngalo mbandela.

Umzekelo, maks Veber kunye nabalandeli bakhe kubandakanya nenani labo kunye nabanye, egxininisa imiqondiso emininzi esemagqabini yeenkonzo zehlabathi. Ngenxa yoko, ngokwesithethe Weberian, ziquka ebuYudeni, ekubeni yena waba nempembelelo enkulu kwi Christianity and Islam, kunye ubuHindu, nobuConfucius, njengoko iinkonzo kwimimandla emikhulu yenkcubeko, ezo ekhaya ukuya beentlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo.

inkolo World okanye unqulo lwabantu?

Kukwakho inani elininzi iinzululwazi zikholelwa eli gama iphelelwe, kwaye wenza imiqondiso unqulo yehlabathi yangoonomgogwana bezizwe phantsi kweemeko zale mihla.

Ukuba kukho naziphi na iinqobo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe unqulo ethile okanye hayi ihlabathi, oko kuthatha ukuba ahambisane. Noko ke, oko akunjalo. Ihlabathi litshintsha, kwaye esimi zeenkolo iba ngakumbi engaqhelekanga ngakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, kumazwe awahlukeneyo ehlabathini lonke liyanda inani amaHindu, abo kwakhona yinxalenye yoluntu Hindu. Kwakhona, abameli ezininzi zingafakwanga phakathi iinkonzo zehlabathi ziye ngokuphindaphindiweyo umngeni yokukhetha, umnikelo ukwamkelwa kwabo bafanelwe yaye ukulungele yenkolo yabo luluntu jikelele.

Kuye kwakho iinzame lempahla elithi "kweenkolo zehlabathi", kwakunye izindululo ukuba aqalise indlela, umzekelo, "inkolo ophilileyo" okanye 'ngenkolo ubuntu "kwinkqubo indumezulu kwaye zahlukahlukene. Noko ke, esigqibeni ngalo mba ehlabathini lwezenzululwazi alufanelekanga, kwaye kufuneka indlela ende ngokutsha lo mba.