Yintoni ecinga nge-autistic?

Ukucinga okugunyazayo kuyinkxalabo yengqondo eyinkimbinkimbi ebonakaliswe lizinga eliphezulu lokuzimela. Kuzo iinkalo eziphambili kukuba kukuxothwa koonxibelelwano kunye nenyaniso kunye nobuhlwempu. Abantu abahluphekileyo kwesi sifo bajongwa ngokungahambi kakuhle kunye nokungabikho kokusebenzisana noluntu.

Iingxaki zokunxibelelana

Yintoni ecinga nge-autistic? Akunzima ukuyiqonda. Inayo impawu ezinobungakanani, apho iingcali zichonga ezi zilandelayo.

Intetho yezigulane ayiphuhlisi kakuhle. Banobunzima bobabini ukuqonda nokuveliswa kwamazwi. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abanjalo baphinda izandi kunye neentetho eziva kwabanye okanye kwiTV. Abayiqondi intsingiselo yokwakha izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Kulula kakhulu ukuba basabele kwisigwebo se-monosyllabic ("nidle", "hamba," "vuka," njl.). Ukucinga okungafaniyo kwe- autistics kuvinjelwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kubonakaliswa kwimeko yokuba izigulane aziqondi izinto ezinjalo zentetho njengoko, umzekelo, izivakalisi (zakho, zona, zethu, njl.). Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuviwo lokuqala, abazali bayakhalaza ukuba umntwana wabo akakwazi ukuthetha ngokugcwele. Le ngxaki iqala ukuzibonakalisa ngonyaka wesibini wobomi bentsana.

Ukungathintana

Umntu ogqithisekayo ukufumana ingqondo ye-autistic eziphatha ngokungathi ukucinga kwehlabathi elikujikelezayo kuye kwaphazamiseka. Ukusuka kwicala kubonakala ngathi uyisithulu kwaye uyimfama. Kunzima ukusingqongileyo isigulane. Akakhange akhangele emehlweni omnxibelelwano kwaye akaguquki xa igama lakhe likhona. Uvavanyo olufutshane alubonisi iingxaki kumgangatho wezobugcisa.

Amagunya awayikudala ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye namalungu entsapho. Oku kuphambuka kungabonwa kakade kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi. Ngeli xesha umntwana akaxineli kumama xa ephethe ezandleni zakhe. Unokumelana nokuthintana nomzimba - unqande umva wakhe kwaye uzame ukuphuma kwizandla zakhe.

Iintsana ezinjalo azithandi amathoyizi afana nabantwana abaqhelekileyo. Zizibhokoxa ngokwazo ngokusebenzisa iindlela zabo: zijikeleze iivili zoshishini, zitshintshe intambo, zifake emlonyeni weedodoli. Ezi mpazamo zingabonwa ngonyaka wesibini wobomi.

Imidlalo kunye nabanye iyancipha kakhulu okanye ayikho. Umntwana akanakunomdla kulo mnandi okanye angabi namakhono afanelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo akayikunyamekela abanye. Iminye imidlalo efana neyokuqala "njenge-give-take".

Ukucinga okugunyazayo kukuphelisa amandla okuzimela. Kunzima kwizigulane zokugqoka, ukuya kwindlu yangasese. Basabela ngesibindi kwingozi. Ngokumalunga nale nto, le ntsana kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo. Abazali kufuneka bawakhusele ekukhuselweni okukhulu, okungafumaneka nakwixesha eliqhelekileyo ukuhamba ngaphantsi kwesitalato.

Ukuhlaselwa komsindo

Abantu abane-autism babonakalisa ukuziphatha kakubi kunye nokugqitywa okungaqinisekiyo komsindo. Ngokuqhelekileyo banokubakhokela lobu bubi. Izigulane zithemba izandla, zibethe iintloko zazo malunga nodongeni, umgangatho okanye ifenitshala, zibethe ubuso bazo ngeentonga. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuziphatha okungafanelekanga kubhekiswa kwabanye. Uninzi lwabazali likhalaza ngokunyaniseka kwabantwana abanjalo, ukuphazamiseka kwemvakalelo, ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ukwenqaba kunye nokuvalwa.

Izigulane nge-autism zinokwenza uhlobo oluthile lwezenzo zesithethe. Ngokomzekelo, bayagxotha ukusuka ecaleni ukuya ecaleni, bebetha izandla, bajikeleza izinto ezandleni zabo, bajonge ngokukhawuleza ngokukhanya okukhanyayo okanye amaqabunga omtshini, ukubeka izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokulandelelana, ukukrazula okanye ukuphambuka ixesha elide.

Ngaphandle kwemithetho

Kwizigulane ezininzi, ingcamango ye-autistic ayigqibekanga, kuba kukho umgaqo wezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yizakhono zokuqhekeka. Olu hlobo "lweziqithi" zokuziphatha ezifanelekileyo ezigcinwe ezingqondweni zabo. Le nto ibonakala kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Abantu abanjalo bangahlakulela ngaphandle kokulibaziseka kwaye bafunde ukuhamba sele beneminyaka eyi-15. Kukho iimeko xa abantwana benqanaba eliphezulu lokuphuhliswa kweemoto, bangahambi ngaphandle kweengxaki kwaye musa ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi yabo.

Imemori, ukulangazelela, ukwesaba

Xa ugqirha ufumanisa i-autism, ubheka iimpawu zememori eqhelekileyo. Ngoko, umntwana unokuphinda azwakalise izandi kwabanye okanye afanekise oko bakuva kwiTV. Kananjalo uyakwazi ukukhumbula iinkcukacha zezinto azibonayo.

Uhlakulela iimfuno ezithile: imidlalo kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo, iiyuniki zeeyunki okanye izitsha zendlu. Omnye unomdla kumculo nokudanisa. Abanye banako ukwengeza iipuzzle, njengamanani kunye neencwadi, njalo njalo.

Abantu abanegunya zizinto ezincinci kodwa zodwa ukwesaba okukhona ixesha elincinane kunabantu abaphilileyo. Ngoko, isigulane sinokukwesaba ngesandi esikhulu sokucoca i-vacuum okanye uphondo lwemoto.

Iingcebiso kubathandekayo

Ukucinga okugunyazayo kuyisifo esichengayo sokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, esona kuphela isifo se-psychoneurologist. Ukuze unyango luqhutywe ngokwezicwangciso ezichanekileyo, umntu kufuneka aphumelele uviwo olupheleleyo. Emva koko, oogqirha kunye kunye neengqondo zengqondo bahlanganyele ekuphuhlisweni kwesicwangciso ngasinye sokulwa nesifo. Isiphambili sokuphumelela ekujonganeni nale ngxaki kukunyamezela, ubenomusa kwaye ukholelwe kwimpumelelo yonyango.

Kusuka kubazali kuyadingeka ukudala intuthuzelo yengqondo yomntwana. Kumele bafundise umntwana wabo ngengqondo yokhuseleko. Icandelo elilandelayo lomsebenzi lifundisa umntwana iindlela ezintsha zokuziphatha kunye nezakhono ezibalulekileyo zokulungelelanisa nokusingqongileyo.

Vala abantu kufuneka baqonde ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuba asebenze kunye nehlabathi elikujikelezile. Ukuzimela kunye nokucinga ngokuqinisekileyo zimbini iingqiqo ze-polar. Abalingani mabahlale bebukele isigulane, baxelele konke abakwenzayo okanye bathi. Siyabulela oku, baya kunceda umbhali ukuba wandise izimvo zakhe ngokoqobo kwaye umkhuthaze ukuba aveze iimvakalelo ngamazwi.

Indlela ekhethekileyo

Nangona izigulane ezingayazi ukuthetha, zivuyisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukeneyo yezinto ezingenanto. Kufuneka bafundise umdlalo we-lotto, ukulandelela iipuzzle, ukuxazulula iipuzzle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuhlisa ikhono lomntu ukuthetha nabanye kunye nokwenza okuthile nabo.

Xa umbhali enika ingqwalasela into, kufuneka uxelele igama lakhe, makabambe izandla. Ngale ndlela, inani elikhulu labahlalutyi lingasetyenziselwa - ukuthintela, ukubonwa, ukuva ngexesha elifanayo kunye nokuhlasela ukucinga kwe-autistic. Iingqondo zengqondo zabantu zithi izigulana zifuna ukuphinda zamagama ezihlandlo ezininzi, zichaze injongo yazo, de zibe ziyingxenye yeembono zabo zehlabathi.

Igoterrapia

Ukuba umntwana unamathele ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi othile, unokunyamekela ngokunyanisekileyo isenzo sakhe ngengcaciso yakhe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngexesha elifanayo lichaphazela isihloko esibuzwayo (umzekelo, isibuko). Oku kuya kunceda umntwana ongeyathetha ukuba anqobe isithintelo sangaphakathi sokuthula kwaye afunde igama elitsha.

Xa isigulane esincinci sihamba phambili ekusebenziseni izinto, kuyimfuneko ukuzisa intsingiselo kule nyathelo. Umzekelo, ukubeka ii cubes kumqolo kungabizwa ngokuthi kwakhiwa isitimela. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuziphatha kwemoto yengane.

Kwimidlalo yokwenza umdlalo, kuyimfuneko ukufaka izitatimende apho kukho imithetho elula. Akuyimfuneko ukujongana nokuzonwabisa kwenzalo, efuna ukuthetha. Naluphi na umdlalo kufuneka uphindwe rhoqo emva kwexesha, uchaze isinyathelo ngasinye kuwo. Ngaloo ndlela, inokufezekiswa ukuba lo mdlalo uza kuba yinto eyenziwayo yokubonga i-autistics.

Iingxaki ezibangela ukucinga kwe-autistic kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngaphandle kokukhawuleza. Ngaphambi kokuba ufune ukusekela iinjongo ezithile: ukuphelisa ukwesaba, ukulawula ulwaphulo-mthetho, ukufunda ukusebenzisana nabanye.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantwana bajonge iikhathuni, abalinganiswa abanobonakaliso obucacileyo, obonakalisa ubuso. Bakufumana kunzima ukuchonga ubuso, kwaye le ndlela izokukunceda ukujamelana nale ngxaki.

Eyona nto ibona iipopto malunga nomnxeba kaTom, "Shrek", njl. Phakamisa umntwana ukuba acinge ukuba uluphi uhlobo lwaloo nto okanye loo mpawu eyenza ifomati. Makhe azame ukubonakalisa le mvakalelo eyedwa.

Ukuba umntwana uyena, umphazamise, udlala ubonakaliso buso. Ubuso bakho bufanele busebenze ngokucacileyo ukwenzela ukuba kube lula ngaye ukuqagela oko ubonisayo.

Imisebenzi

Ukucinga ngokuzimela kubantu abadala kungaphathwa ngoncedo lwabo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yezobugcisa. Ekuqaleni bawaxhathisa ngamandla iinzame zokubazisa emdlalweni. Kodwa ngokubonakaliswa kokunyamezela nokusebenzisa isikhuthazo, isigulane asiyikuzama nje ukwenza oku, kodwa sinokufumana ulonwabo oluninzi kwizinto ezenzekayo.

Kwakhona kuncedo ukuxelela amabali ahlukeneyo kunye nabalinganiswa obuhle nabangendawo. Ngoko isiguli siya kufunda ukuqonda okulungileyo nokubi. Unokudlala iindaba ezinjalo ngokuthatha inxaxheba yabantu okanye ukusebenzisa idoli. Ngelo xesha, kufuneka kucaciswe ukuba wonke umntu kulo mbono unendima. Le mi sebenzi kufuneka yenziwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kwaye ixesha ngalinye longeza into entsha.