Yayiphi indlela imephu yembali yase-Ukraine eyakhiwa ngayo

Imbali yenzululwazi ephonononga ubomi babantu bexesha elidlulileyo. Inomdla kwixesha elidlulileyo alipheli, umntu ufuna ukwazi imbali yakhe kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, ufumane izigqibo. Uphando lwembali yonke imvelaphi ekhoyo, ubeka uluhlu lweemeko, inkqubo yembali, iququzelelwe. Imephu yembali enye yemithombo. Cinga ukuba yintoni lo mthombo, kwaye yintoni ulwazi esinokufumana kuyo.

Imephu yembali njengomthombo wolwazi

Injongo ephambili yemephu yembali ukubonakalisa i-posterity isibonakaliso esisigxina kunye nesigcinwe kwizenzakalo zembali kwindawo ethile, oko kukuthi ukubonisa inkqubo yembali, ngoko ixesha kunye neziganeko ezikwindawo zibonakala ngokucacileyo. Imephu yembali ngumfanekiso weplanethi okanye inxalenye ethile, intsimi kumaxesha ahlukeneyo embali yoluntu. Ngaloo ndlela, iziganeko zembali ziba yizona zinto zomeleleyo kwiincwadi zezifundo, ziya kuphila emehlweni kwaye ziqondakala ngakumbi kwaye zicaca. Sinokubona ukuvela kwempucuko yonke, uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho loorhulumente, iindlela zokurhweba, inkqubo yemikhosi, ukunqumla kombuso omnye komnye, ukuvela kunye nokunciphisa ubukhosi bonke - ixesha elipheleleyo kwiimephu ezimbalwa zeembali. Iimephu zeembali ziye zahlulwa zibe yi-ethnographe, i-archaeological, i-historical-economic, i-historical-politics, impi-yezembali kunye nezenkcubeko. Kule masebe, iimephu ziqhelekileyo, ezibonisa iinkqubo ngokubanzi, nangasese, ezichaza iinkalo ezithile zeemeko okanye iziganeko kunye neenyaniso. Siyabulela kule mapu, sinokufunda okungakumbi malunga nomhlaba wasezantsi, imbali yelizwe lethu lakuzalwa.

I-Ukraine kunye neRussia: imbali efanayo

I-Ukraine neRashiya inembali efanayo, kwaye oku akunakuphikiswa. Iimephu zeembali zaseRussia ziya kuhlala zixela malunga nobudlelwane obusondeleyo, kuba iinkulungwane ezininzi kwintsimi ye-Ukraine yosuku lwangoku yaboniswa kubo. Imida phakathi kweRashiya ne-Ukraine yenziwe ngokukodwa, nangona uhlanga, uhlanga, phakathi kweentlanga ezikummandla osondelene, kumacandelo ahlukeneyo omda azincinci. Oku kwenzeka emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi Yeyokuqala. Ngaphantsi kwengcinezelo evela emsebenzini waseJamani kwiNgqungquthela yoxolo yaseParis , i-Ukraine yabonakala kwimephu yezopolitiko yehlabathi.

Yayiphi indlela imephu yembali yase-Ukraine eyakhiwa ngayo

Indawo ye-Ukraine kwinqanaba eliphambili le-Yurophu yaseMpuma, ngaphezu kweendlela zokurhweba zorhwebo, kukhokelela ekubeni ilizwe liphindaphinda liba nxaxheba kwimikhosi. Konke kwaqala ngo-Kievan Rus, kunye nokuhla kwe-Galicia-Volyn, eyona nto ininzi ithatyathwa ngamazwe angummelwane. Ngowe-1569, la mazwe angummelwane - i-Poland kunye neLithuania - ebumbene kwelinye ilizwe- uRzeczpospolita, lalibandakanya phantse onke amazwe ase-Ukraine namhlanje. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVII kwakukho ukwahlula phakathi kwePoland neRashiya yemimandla, ngenxa yokuba amazwe aphesheya kwaye ayingxenye yeRashiya. Oku kwakuqala ukuvukela ngo-1648 i-Zaporozhye Cossacks ngenxa yokunyuka kwengcinezelo evela kwii-tycoons zasePoland. Ukuvukela kwaholwa nguBobdan Khmelnitsky, kwaye ngo-1654, kwintlanganiso ebizwa ngokuba yiPereyaslavl Rada, kwaziswa ukuba imimandla yokuvukela Mkhuseli IRashiya. Ngexesha leemfazwe zaseRussia-eTurkey, ukubizwa ngokuba yi "Wild Field" ukuphuhliswa komhlaba kwenzeka. Siyabulela kwimpumelelo yaseRashiya, izixeko ezibaluleke kakhulu ezisezantsi kunye nolunxweme olusenyakatho lweLwandle oluMnyama lwasekwa: iKrovograd, iKherson, Nikolaev, Odessa, iDnepropetrovsk. Emva koko uBessarabia wajoyina. I-Austria-Hungary iyabandakanya imida yeTranscarpathia, eBukovina naseGalicia.

IUkraine kwi -USSR: ukuqhubekwa kokusekwa kwemida yangoku

I-USSR ikhulula indawo ekhoyo yeNtshona Ukraine ngowe-1939, leyo eyayiqala ngo-1918 no-1920 yabanjwa yiPoland. Ngomnyaka we-1940, ekuphenduleni imfuno ye-USSR, iRomania ibuyela kwimimandla yaseBessarabia neBukovina ithathwe ngo-1918. I-Transcarpathia yakhululwa ngo-1945 kwaye yaba yinxalenye ye-USSR. Ngaloo ndlela, ngenxa yerarist yaseRashiya kunye nokubuyisela kwakhona imida ye-USSR emva kweMfazwe yeSizwe yokuqala neyesibini, imephu entsha yembali yase-Ukraine yakhiwa kwimida yayo yangoku.