Valdai intsimbi: imbali, photo, isakhiwo esisiseko izinto

elide Kuye liye Russia laduma ukukhala kweentsimbi - iiholide ndamgocagoca intsimbi enkulu nenqaba ibandla kubomi bemihla ngemihla bazala neentsimbi kwi eqinisa iikhola amahashe, ukunika abantu uvuyo kunye nesimo festive. Noko baqalisa imbali kweentsimbi abadumileyo ehlabathini Valdai - amaphepha intetho iincwadi zamandulo.

Ngubani weza intsimbi?

Ingcamango ekudaleni namankenteza beza ubhishophu intloko Nola Miron koPontiyo Paulinus Abanenceba. Ukugcwalisa uhlolo impahla yabo, ubhishophu bagqiba ekubeni bathathe ikhefu, beme emadlelweni amahle, ayegqunyelelwe ngeentsimbi oluhlaza. Dozed, waphupha wezithunywa yachukumisa iintyatyambo, bathetha mnene, iintsimbi zesilivere. Loo isandi Yandothusa ke koPontiyo, ukuba wabuyela Nola, wabaxelela oku kumninindlu, owaba nako ukuyikhupha le ikopi ngqo nebala intsimbi yobhedu. Nangona, ukuba uxhomekeke kwidatha-mbali, iintsimbi eyaqala badibana ngaphambili kakhulu, aba amaYiputa ngakumbi.

Kukho ibali yothando ngakumbi. Young intombazana ukuhlamba emlanjeni ehlathini. intloko yakhe, ephothiweyo isidanga kweentsimbi yehlathi. Le ntombazana batshoniswe kunye nesithandwa sakhe - mkhandi yendawo - wayikrola intsimbi kukhunjulwa othandekayo yaye kubize.

Kukho yeengcinga ezininzi ezintle, njani ingcamango intsimbi waphoswa njenge imveliso, kodwa ndithi nto ngothando, okanye ukuphela kwayo buhlungu ngayo.

I intsimbi yokuqala Valdai. indaba

Ngokutsho legend, ibali iqala malunga 1478. Imithetho ngexesha Tsar Ivan III, wayala ukuthutha intsimbi ye Novgorod eMoscow, ukuthatha konke kunye Sofia belfry. Yonke waya kakuhle de ngoko, de abathwali alifikeleli ezintabeni Valdai. Kulapha ukuba sleigh, ebityumbe ibandla intsimbi ke, Kwehla indlela imtyibilizi, wabhukuqa, kwaye intsimbi, esiwa ezantsi enzonzobileni, buqhekezwe ngamakhulu ngamaqhekeza amancinci. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, ivela kwezi ngamaqhekeza isuka Valdai neentsimbi. Emva kwale ndawo yaqala ukuza balapha. Bathi eziqokelelwe iintsimbi, kwaye ebakhuthaza ekhaya, wabuza amagcisa Foundry isika. Oku kubangelwe inkolelo kumandla ngokungummangaliso le nto. Abantu ngokuqinileyo babekholelwa ukuba kwindlu apho kukho iintsimbi Valdai, qiniseka ukuba azinze ulonwabo, uxolo, imvisiswano, uxolo, intlalo-ntle.

Qala of production

Oku kucingwa ukuba ukuqala yemveliso yaba kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XVIII. Imfuneko ukwenza iintsimbi yaba kuqala - ke omnye amacandelo beenqwelo phezu kweendlela ezixakekileyo eMoscow St Petersburg. Kungekudala baqala ukuvela oomasifundisane zobungcali ukuze ehle kunye neendibano zocweyo, eziye bafunda kwaza kwaveliswa uyilo kunye izinto ezisisiseko Valdai yentsimbi.

Kungekudala kakhulu yaba nendlela Utyikityo wizard umntu owadala indalo yakhe. Nikita, Ivan, Aleksey Smirnovy, filipp Tersky - Foundries zabo iimveliso phantsi kwembali baya ungeno olwahlukileyo. Ukususela ngoko, Valdai iintsimbi oko kwaziwa ngokuba fyabo lokuzalwa Russian. Ngokuthe ngcembe iintsimbi yamschitsky yaqala ukufumana uzuko ngakumbi nangakumbi - abazange into ebalulekileyo nje tufwile endleleni, kodwa waphakamisa ngokubonakalayo isimo coachman, ingakumbi xa imozulu embi okanye ebusuku.

Bell intsimbi ukungavumelani

Kusenokuba kuba yimpazamo ukucinga ukuba bonke enzelwe injongo enye kuphela, kodwa akunjalo. Yamschitsky ekhutshwe kunye neelebhile zabo - umzekelo, ngokufuthi phezu nqaku ukufundwa umbongo: ". Amakhonkco, intuthuzelo - hamba khawuleza" iintsimbi isipho kuthiwe "Isipho Valdai," "Ngubani ndiyamthanda, kuyafuneka ukuba zinikelwe," nezinto ezinjalo. Kungekudala, eqolo kwaye ebalulekileyo kubomi babantu abatsha namankenteza Valdai - yamsitho. Yaba wobugcisa wenene, kunye nomfanekiso kuyo ezintlanu kukho eziphakamileyo iintaka izikhakhamela. Kwakhona Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngelo xesha akazange nje igama ezaziwayo umninindlu, ukuthi ugcwele kwi kwimveliso. Enye wabaseki yokuqala, owenza umbhalo wakhe, waba Alexei Smirnov. Eyaziwa enye umbhali - Terek - namhlanje eRashiya ukugcina iintsimbi zalo-19.

Ukusuka inkosi izityalo

ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kweli lizwe yaqala ukuvela izityalo, nto leyo ibeka ugxininiso kuhlobo lomsebenzi: "Valdai namankenteza - kwimveliso" - ukuba zifundwe iindlela ezininzi ukuya ezivenkileni. Isiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane lokugqibela yabalasela ukuvulwa enkulu amagama Smirnov mveliso, malunga leyo wathi kuphela ezona iphoswe intsimbi - kakhulu iminxeba kwelikhulu. Ngokwenene imveliso omkhulu wazalwa ezandleni zobungcali iinkosi - intsimbi ukuze bahlole ngaphezulu kwe 1000 uneemina. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba Smirnov ndiyilibele into Valdai intsimbi encinane. Isityalo ifumana ii-odolo ezininzi imveliso yabo, kunye uninzi amanqaku zaphoswa ukuba iitempile nezigodlo eRashiya. Kungekudala kwafika igama imarike zemveliso Stukolkina yezityalo. Ivan Stukolkina wehla waya embalini njengoko inkosi, otlivshy iintsimbi 11 (ubunzima kwabo malunga 4400 eekhilogram), esekelwe coppers zaseSiberia.

End of the case mveliso

Nokuqiniswa kwimarike mveliso utyala Smirnov kunye Stukolkina Ndaqalisa ukufumana okhuphisana. iimveliso zayo athengise okusila zentsimbi Alekseya Usachova, Georgi Andreev, bazalwana Usachev. iintsimbi Tint Sonto Valdai kakade kuphela Stukolkina kodwa abazalwana Usachev. Ngendlela iquka iintsimbi, leyo esasiphezu emnyango, yaye iintsimbi desktop, apho esifubeni ngabakhonzi. Bona ngokoqobo akazange mazahluke kwezo zisetyenziswa yi abaqhubi. Kuphela umbhalo wakwenza kwacaca yintoni na le intsimbi. Kwaye ngoko ke Oktobha Revolution, nasenqabeni intsimbi oko phantse yatshatyalaliswa eRashiya. Zahamba kakuhle ukuba ibe yeyona gqolo izityalo Usachev, kodwa kungekudala yavalwa iingcango zalo ngonaphakade. Foundry waqalwa kancinane emva koko, kanye umgangatho Valdai akusekho waphawula.

Immortalized embalini

Ukuze ukugcina imbali ye Valdai iintsimbi ekhupha Valdai Museum yasekwa. Lore Local Museum Valdai ufumana imiboniso yokuqala ngo-1980 - ngoko ke apha izinto indebe iinkosi Andreev kunye Grigoriev, yaye kwakukho indawo efana izinto kwamanye amazwe. Le mfuduka iintsimbi esi sikhephe, iintsimbi, senzelwe iinkomo, yamschitsky kunye ibhodi - ingcaciso zazaliswa ngesantya emangalisayo. Emva kweminyaka eli-15, i-Imyuziyam ifumene kwinkalo entsha yolawulo - ekwakheni i-saseLviv rotunda. Ngelo xesha, ingqokelela iye nje imiboniso amancinci naphakathi-ertyisi, apha sibe intsimbi enkulu. Kuye kwakhona labelwe indawo na apho ubona Valdai intsimbi - photo - mbali baye bazama ukubuyisela imifanekiso igcinwe. Kodwa ngcono ukubona ngamehlo am. Kukho inkolelo yokuba ukukhala kwabo iintsimbi Valdai bazenza umphefumlo, ziphilise ngenxa yezifo. Ukongeza, wonk 'ubani ofuna ukuba uvumelekile ukuba ukukhwela kwinqaba ubize ngokwakho.

Ezintsimbi unique Valdai?

Ukohluka iintsimbi ngesandi sabo - bathi intsimbi ngamnye yakhe, "ilizwi" zalo ezahlukileyo. imbali yazo yabuya kule minyaka, kuba akukho iirekhodi angaligcinanga, yaye yonke into eyaziwa namhlanje, uye wafundela ngokusebenzisa idatha ingafunyanwa kwi imveliso ngokwayo, - amagama, imihla, izityalo. Omnye mathuba uchaza yaba 'isondo "intsimbi - ngoko igama ezantsi kwayo. mbali abaninzi baye bagqiba ukuba imilo kweentsimbi kusikhumbuza ngqo yeminquba umfazi Russian. Ukwahlula kungaba imveliso Valdai kunye neminye imiba - nokutsolisa iifomu ibhanti kunye rough, ulwimi kunye nokumiswa yayo. into nganye ukohluka yaso, enceda kuphela namhlanje apho. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le nto ixabiso iimveliso isoloko phezulu kakhulu. Namhlanje, uyakwazi ukufumana okuninzi imveliso ziyaphawulwa ngokuzibhala igama lebrendi "Valdai" - ngelishwa, kubavelisi balapha ekhaya abakwazi ukufunda imfihlelo eyahlulayo, wafumana apho kwehlambulukileyo, iintsimbi odumileyo gentle elikhenkcezayo Valdai.