Utywala kulungiswa distillate: umahluko

Iimveliso Utywala-based adla ngokusetyenziswa ebomini bethu banamhlanje. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle kwabo, akukho nje akonelanga (kwaye akuthethi utywala). Ngokuqhelekileyo distillate (isiseko zeziselo ezininzi kunye namayeza) efumaneka ngenxa yokubola ezilandelayo neyanamhlanje feedstock. Kodwa ke kaninzi ndicinga ukuba ukulungisa - Kumana-ulwelo. Kodwa lo mbono nto eziphosakeleyo. Kuphela multiple uguqule ulwelo eziqulathe ethanol, kwimiqolo ezizodwa bakwazi ukunika isiphumo ekulungiseni (oku ngokoqobo liguqulelwe elithi), alkoholi ukuhlanjululwa ukungcola.

Kushishino kunye nekhaya Ucoco esetyenzisiweyo kuyalungiswa, kunye distillate. Umahluko phakathi kwabo Kuyinto ebalulekileyo. Kodwa ukuba mna usebenzise ntoni? Le umba exhalabisa abaninzi. Kodwa ukuze kuhlolwe ngokufanelekileyo ezilungileyo okanye ezingalunganga zobugcisa, simele siqale sibone ukuba yintoni umphumo sifuna ukufezekisa: ukuze ufumane iinyembezi isiselo isicoci okanye, phezu koko, ukuba kunuke bezwe? Ndingathanda ukuba angene phakathi oko kulungiswa distillate. Umahluko phakathi kwabo ifumaneka nokuba - "umba Masters", nto leyo elimxinwa ekugxilwe ngobuchule kwaye ukudlala indima enkulu ngenxa avareji kubathengi? Makhe ukujamelana!

iintlobo distillates

Le ulwelo wafumana xa igama elinye inkqubo - i neyanamhlanje, ngamanye amazwi phantse naluphi na ulwelo umxube okupholisa utywala-equlethe ngakumbi nokucutheka umphunga yayo. Ngokutsho ngezigaba, kukho iindidi ezininzi neyanamhlanje:

• elula,
• noqhekeko,
• ukulungisa efanelekileyo.

We ndithi kuwe zonke iinkcukacha ukuze kuqinisekiswe umahluko phakathi kulungiswa distillate. Umahluko phakathi kwabo lisekhona!

neyanamhlanje elula

Obu bugcisa, ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, owayesaziwa BC ngenkulungwane yesithathu - indlela esetyenziswa yi amaYiputa ukuba ipeyinti yeediliya oniwe. Ubuncinane, oko mzuzu omdala. Yaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba neyanamhlanje yabantu aqhelekileyo kunye namaxesha ezininzi mandulo. Kuba isicelo inkqubo oku iityhubhu ngobhedu eyenziwa isitya neyanamhlanje, capacitor, imibhobho obhobhozayo ngenxa umphunga.

Okokuqala, ngoncedo izixhobo ezifana yenza ipeyinti essences aqholiweyo. Kwaye kuphela kamva, ngenxa ukuntsonkotha ukuthuthwa yewayini elwandle (wasela bawuphanga ngenxa ingqatsini yelanga), inkqubo esetyenziswayo ekuveliseni oomoya.

inkcazelo emfutshane inkqubo

Ekubeni inkqubo neyanamhlanje yaziwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kwaye ekrwada izinto nokulungiselela iziselo ezinxilisayo usebenzisa iidiliya ezahlukeneyo kunye nengqolowa, umbona neswekile beet kunye neswekile udondolo, kwaye amakoloni aseMelika - nkqu izityalo, ezifana Cacti.

Ngokufutshane, i inkqubo sijongeka njengoku:

1. Ukusuka izinto zokwenza imveliso ekuqaleni wavelisa Braga - isiqulatho utywala kuyo, njengokuba umthetho, encinane. Indlela lokuveliswa kwaso ungahluka.
2. I ilula: ukunyibilika emanzini ashushu, igwele tridtsatigradusnaya, ukuxubana nabo isiraphu leswekile kunye namanzi. Ke ngci isitsha isiciko (okanye ukwambatha, umzekelo, ngerabha isikhuseli kwi ingqayi ilitha emithathu leyo uphumo igesi), ubushushu emiselwe ngeveki.
3. Indlela nobunzima kakhulu akubandakanyi ukusetyenziswa iswekile. Potato okanye ingqolowa cuba, sifunxe amanzi shushu. Ngeli xesha otashi equlethwe izinto ekrwada, kufuneka sitshintshe zibe iswekile. Lo mxube xesha ukubila igwele ashiye sokufaka ubushushu.
4. Xa inkqubo ibile seliza kugqitywa kusa, Braga thina lokucoca kwaye ubhale kuyo neyanamhlanje.
5. Itshiswe kunye nobushushu, kunye agaye iqalisa ukuba ngumphunga.
6. Enkungwini Umphumela engena lo walivala ithende tube ngokutsho efrijini, apho lushwankathela, waba distillate.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iindlela neyanamhlanje ezilula ezingabandakanyi nokususwa ngokupheleleyo ubumdaka eziveliswe ngamashishini okuthile. Ke ukuba inkqubo eso phindwa amaxesha amaninzi, oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni ukusulungekiswa kwayo ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, kukho distillate incasa ukukhanya silivumba elimnandi iimveliso ezazisetyenziswa ukuze ngumash. Emva koko, ngokuba anika incasa authentic kunye nevumba imveliso eliphekwe (siphangela imiphanda oki lokulungiselela rum okanye cognac, yekoriyandire ukudibanisa, sapling nangomoya amangile ukuba igin).

Ngamanye amaxesha, balahle ziziqhumiso mnandi nencasa, zokuhlanjululwa lwenziwa kusetyenziswa imichiza kunganeziphumo kakhulu kuchaphazela iimveliso zempilo ekupheleni yabathengi.

fraction

Kubonakala, yintoni umahluko: distillate kuyalungiswa - loo nto ngathi alkoholi. Kodwa ezincinane lisekhona. Kuyinto ezisitheleyo ulwelo olwahlukeneyo amanqaku okubila ezahlukeneyo, Namanzi - 100 degrees Celsius, utywala kuya kuthatha 78. kuphela Ngenxa iimpawu uhlobo zilandelayo neyanamhlanje - amaqhezu. indlela yayo ilula: amaqhezu ezahlukahlukeneyo ezifunyenwe neyanamhlanje kolwelo kuthunyelwa kwizikhongozeli ezahlukeneyo.

inkcazelo emfutshane inkqubo

Ukukhethwa kula maqhezu evela ngokungqinelana xi lobushushu ethanol umphunga, umthamo feedstock. Kulo ekuthiwa "pervach", okanye "intloko" (zisele iqhezu lokuqala) alisetyenziswa kuba akukho nevumba mnandi kakhulu (kwaye kwakhona kakhulu yingozi emzimbeni). Its kunqunyulwa, ngokutsho lobushushu kunye nepesenti ethyl dropwise.

Nantsi ke iqhezu avareji (okanye njengoko elidume ibizwa ngokuba, "umzimba-asile") sidla into enemibala kwaye nevumba cala. ukukhethwa kwayo kusenzeka lobushushu ukusuka 90 ukuya 95 Celsius namandla kuluhlu 35-45%, lo gama i-ulwelo esikhanyayo.

tailings

I "Yibambe ngomsila" (iqhekeza yokugqibela) abe livumba mpawu ezinevumba kunye incasa kuba iqulathe isixa esikhulu amafutha fusel. Kwaye kufuneka esweni, ukuba akukho awele eziphambili 'umzimba'. Ke, ukuze sifumane isiselo elungileyo, kucetyiswa kwakhona wamalahle nyulu (kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, Yek ngumzuzwana, kwangaxeshanye ukwenza ukuba ingacota kunendlela ngaphambili, kunye nendlela ecacileyo ukuba ukwahlula amaqhekeza).

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kulungiswa kunye distillate kunye ehambelana igama le nkqubo? Kufuneka kukhunjulwe avelisa ntumbuluko utywala eliphezulu ulwelo, nokuba waphinda iqhezu, cishe akunakwenzeka: simswelise isiphumo ibithethwa ntetho livumba ethile kunye nemvakalo. Ngoko ke, ukuba wenze i iimeko neyanamhlanje utshwala (nasekhaya) isicelo.

Neyanamhlanje utywala ehlambulukileyo

Ngoko, kakade kokuphi okwenza distillate kuyalungiswa. Umahluko phakathi kwabo ukho, nokunye! Nokulungisa - Indlela wokwahlula imixube zisekelwe kumgaqo kunaniselwano ubushushu phakathi kunyuka kunye engamanzi. Ngenxa yoko, nathi ukufumana ulwelo ngokupheleleyo nyulu. Yaye mazingabhidaniswa kwakhona neyanamhlanje-ulwelo. Le nkqubo yohlukile ngasentla.

inkcazelo emfutshane inkqubo

Ekuqaleni isitya asile lashushu reflux iimeko. Ngeli xesha, ngababini enziwa ngexesha abilayo, Ndiyenyuka fractionator wobomi, begaxeleke izixhobo ezikhethekileyo amafu umphunga, ngokuba ekondensa reflux. Loo nto, lupholisiwe ngamanzi.

Xa Imiphezulu luthando dephlegmator isibini aqale ngamafuphi, emenza abe lulwelo reflux aqukuqela phantsi imihlathi ezantsi kwisikhongozeli okhethekileyo. Enkungwini ekuphumeni phezulu, kunye reflux ulwelo ugeleza wehla sebenzisana. Kule ubushushu iinkqubo transfer zenzeke. Ngenxa yoko, la macandelo kwi inxalenye ephezulu ngokulula ngakumbi yamathumba, eziguqulelwe kwi condensate oqokelela kungena isitya.

Xa inxaxheba nokulungisa ntumbuluko zithako nganye - ubuncinane 90%. Ngale ndlela, umzekelo, ipetroli evela petroleum inokubuyiselwa, kwaye iwayini ngumash yalungiselelwa ngomoya bulungiswe (umxholo ethanol - 95%).

Yintoni umahluko: i distillate kuyalungiswa. Yintoni zithande?

Siye sabona ukuba ezi ezilulwelo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo: "Utywala kulungiswa distillate - yintoni umahluko nokuba kubhetele ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa lolwelo ekhaya?" - kufuneka kuqala zonke ezi zinto zilandelayo:

1. Emva lula (okanye ezininzi iqhezu) iziselo neyanamhlanje kufunyanwe imveliso awuthintele ivumba kunye incasa ngayo imveliso, ezenza isiseko feedstock.
2. Kwinkqubo ukulungisa zonke ezi propati ukuba kutshatyalaliswa.

Umahluko phakathi distillate kuyalungiswa esele zokupheka. Lokuqala - into eselwayo Distiller yenziwe ukwenzela ukuba ahlale luphawu organoleptic ye ikhowudi yemvelaphi, izinto ikrwada kuyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba Calvados - i-apile, ukuba uyiZisa - imithombo ukuba yebranti - yeediliya. Xa inkqubo neyanamhlanje, ngaphandle ethyl ngaphakathi isenguye "umoya" le tywala - zonke iintlobo ubumdaka, leyo akhiwa an isipha authentic: incasa kunye incasa. Nantso umahluko!

Distillate kuyalungiswa - distillates. Kodwa! Kuyalungiswa - ethe shinyi, organoleptic imveliso nyulu khona ikhowudi yemvelaphi yi "wabulala" kwaphela, ngokwabo. Nangona liphuma esitulweni, iinkulu iidiliya kakhulu okumnandi, kodwa kufuneka ukufumana kunye ivumba kunye buciko ethyl, yaye "nto personal". Kutheni uyinqaba utywala ubuninzi - 96%? Kodwa ke ngenxa yokuba abanye - asinto ukungcola, amanzi, njengoko izifunxi na ethyl, ngamanye iyazigatya emanzini. Emva koko, ngoncedo utywala ecocekileyo, sifumana ezahlukeneyo liqueurs, cordials, liqueurs. Ngamanye organoleptic benza elide feedstock, kunye nencasa - neencasa.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Ngoko ke, ukulungisa izinto, yintoni umahluko bulungiswe utywala kunye distillate? Umahluko phakathi kwabo kubalulekile. Afunyenwe ulwelo, imveliso iza kukwazi ukuba 'ukusebenza "kwi distiller nangaphaya. Xa sibekwe imiphanda oki amacandelo eseleyo ukuba oxidized, kwaye iziselo elimnandi. Kulungiseka ezi zakhiwo, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuzalela. Yiloo nto ke umahluko. Distillate kuyalungiswa bakhonza iinjongo ezahlukeneyo ekuvelisweni iziselo ezinxilisayo.