Unxibelelwano lamagama kweli binzana. Iintlobo obuchopho amazwi ibinzana

Njengoko usazi, umanyano lamagama binzana kwenzeka ngokwemithetho ezithile. Ukuze ukuhlanganisa kubo kufuna ehambelanayo lungelelanisa. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka uxhulumaniso ngaphantsi ekufuneka ukuba abekhona phakathi kwala mazwi.

Ngolwimi Russian kukho ezi zilandelayo iintlobo zonxibelelwano amagama athi: kuququzelelo, ulawulo kunye contiguity.

isivumelwano

Ukutshatisa - lunxulumano apho icandelo abaxhomekeke ngokunxulumene engundoqo afaniswa kuhlala kwi ehambelana iindidi zegrama.

Le nkcazo ibonisa amatyala zixhaphakileyo afanayo, xa kuxhomekeke utshintsho ifomu kunye ingxenye ephambili. Ngamanye, ngaphantsi okuqhelekileyo ezintsonkothileyo amatyala, akukho nokwenziwa kunye correlating iimilo kula macandelo mabini.

Xa uvumela ngokuyintloko basoloko besenza isibizo, kwaye icandelo ngokuqinisekileyo uxhomekeke usebenza eklasini lwegrama, apho kukho iintlobo kokuba intsingiselo syntactic.

Iindidi ukuvumelana

Uhlobo elula zoququzelelo zifumaneka namabinzana apho icandelo ixhomekeke kubonakaliswa asilogama (kuqukwa amanani olandelelwano, izimelabizo, izichazi kunye participles): Le oki, ngemini yengqele, into engaqhelekanga, isenzeko saphawula kunye nabanye.

Ngokusekelwe kolu hlobo unxibelelwano amazwi ibinzana nako eziqulunqwe nokuhlangana, apho icandelo ephambili lu dityanisiwe inxenye ethile yakha igama oxhomekeke. Umzekelo, oku kuthatha indawo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo iimeko elibhalwe ngokumileyo kunye indibanisela izibizo kunye amanani iimpawu (phezu imimoya ezisixhenxe, indlu kunye iiwindow amathathu), ngokuchaseneyo kwiifom im.p. kwaye ngexesha elinye CP xa nani kunokuba yesibizo, ilizwi engundoqo kwaye ifuna ukuba yokugqibela wema rod.p:. wendlu iiwindow ezintathu, izindlu amathathu, imimoya ezisixhenxe.

Xa uvuma la mabinzana mabini lesibizo adityaniswa iintlobo yayo yonke: ubuhle, Dawn, indlela-kwendlela, injineli yokwakha.

Wokubambisana isivisa kwisifundo se

Unxibelelwano njengesibizo im.p., ixhomekeke, yaye conjugated iintlobo yesenzi, nto leyo isivisa isiko syntactic ibhekisela kwisivumelwano.

uhlobo Conjugated yesenzi okanye isichazi ngendlela elifutshane njengesibizo kubo. . N babe iindlela eziqhelekileyo isini kunye nenombolo: intsimi engenanto, ihlathi ze, esibhakabhakeni ngaphaya.

Ngokusemthethweni icandelo engundoqo lwendibaniso ezinjalo ithathwa njengesibizo im.p.

Ityala intsonkothe ngaphezulu lamagama unxibelelwano binzana kwenzeka xa, endaweni njengesibizo im.p. njengoko isifundo owenza nethi, nani okanye enye inxalenye yokuthetha akukho ngokwesini. Kwezi kwezindululo anayenza nokwenziwa kuxhomekeke nesivisa ngenani kunye nesini, njengoko lokuqala kwezi ndidi ayikho. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ulwalathiso kuxhomekeke nesivisa ayikho apha.

ukuvumelana Full kunye noluphakathi

Loo uqhagamshelwano lamagama ibinzana (uququzelelo), apho icandelo ephambili luchaphazela wayelikhoboka zonke iintlobo, ubizwa ngokuba ukuvumelana ngokupheleleyo. Nge ayiphelelanga liyasetyenziswa kuphela kwezinye iindlela igama elifanayo.

Types of ukuvumelana ayiphelelanga

Kukho iindidi ezimbini zazo. Imvelaphi - xa kungekho unxulumano phakathi kwabo kwityala (ngenani nobubele, xa ixhomekeke wafanisa component main). Incompleteness kulo mzekelo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba uhlobo obesondliwa gama uqhagamshelwano iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ilizwi, omnye kugqiba ukuma kwimeko kwayo, kunye nezinye - bakha inombolo kunye nohlobo amazwi oxhomekeke ( "wavuka yindlala" kwisivakalisi "UAnna akazange afune ukuba adle uvuke silambile ngenxa itafile. "Apha uhlobo 'olambileyo" kwaye kuxhomekeke uhlobo' sivuke 'kunye nokumila i "UAnna").

Ityala yesibini - xa kungekho efana na uhlobo. Kulo mzekelo, ukuvumelana engaphelelanga kuthiwa Iifom ukuzaliswa lwesemantiki elizwini ixhomekeke uhlobo, kunoko libhekisela ubuso phantsi. Oku kunokwenzeka xa idityaniswe isibizo oliduna wayevakalisa isihloko umsebenzi kunye msebenzi, kunye isiphawulo, xa ezi izibizo zisetyenziswa kwabasetyhini: uNobhala omtsha ugqirha lwethu. Ezi kunye nezinye imizekelo lo esiwasebenzisayo uphawu le intetho engekho sikweni.

ulawulo

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza iindlela zonxibelelwano lamagama ibinzana badlulele kulawulo. Ngamafutshane, ulawulo lunxibelelwano wawusalathiswa amagama ukwenza amagama, ukuba yiyona ndlela amazwi aluchaphazeli uhlobo ubudlelwane; yenzani okulungileyo, wenza okulungileyo, wenza okulungileyo; ukutya koothixo, woothixo ukutya, njl

Management - uqhagamshelo owayamileyo amagama namabinzana apho ilizwi ephambili kufuna luhlobo obesondliwa kwimeko ethile kunye, eqamba, okanye ngaphandle kwayo.

Leyo yeyona nto iphambili kolu hlobo zonxibelelwano, ulawulo, - okanye igama, okanye uhlobo lwamagama, kanti ixhomekeke - kusoloko luhlobo ilizwi, kukho inxalenye ethile kwintetho - isibizo. Igama ephambili kule meko linokudlulisela nayiphi na inxalenye yokuthetha.

Nale uhlobo lonxibelelwano lamagama ibinzana zezona ityala icandelo oxhomekeke yakha sisibizo, ayibangelwa ukufanisa indlela ephambili, njengoko kunjalo kwi kuququzelelo, baze baveze ngokunxulumene ethile lwesemantiki ukuba kumabala okanye isifundo sabo.

Ezi nketho kuphela iimeko ezimbini apho ukuzalana lamagama ibinzana kwisivakalisi idibanisa iintlobo ezimbini igama (okt kwimeko sisibizo):

1. Ukuhlanganiswa fomu isichazi lothelekiso okanye lwesihlomelo esihle lwesichazi: iintaba ngentla, yomelele ngaphezu kokufa, Osenyangweni ntaba, yeyona yomeleleyo wrestlers.
2. Kwimeko apho indlela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo conjugated kwezenzi zobuqu kunye nezibizo im.p.; . Ifomu isibizo esithi kwaye JP: ndiya kuninisela - kuba imvula, kuza amanani amakhulu iindwendwe, amanzi natekla kunye nabanye.

Ngenxa yoko, ezahlukeneyo ulawulo substantive, ngamazwi, izibaluli kunye izichazi.

ulawulo forms

Ukwahlula phakathi iindidi abalawuli ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Nakwiingqikelelo ezenziwayo / Ukungaqiniseki;
• uhlobo lobudlelwane syntactic;
• Olugunyazisiweyo / Okukhethwayo.

Kuthiwa iintlobo kwabelwa ezisibhozo, kodwa ndidi zilandelayo lamagama kunxibelelwano ibinzana kulawulo (zizonke ezintlanu) bafakwa leyinene ngolwimi Russian:

1. Unxibelelwano, leyo Kunyanzelekile ubudlelwane eyiyo syntactic ukuqikelela okuza kwenzeka (udinga uncedo, ukubhala ileta, yakhiwa ngabafundi, ayizange isebenze).
2. Unxibelelwano, nto leyo axelwe kwangaphambili ukuba inyanzelekile ubudlelwane lwesemantiki-syntactic (ukuqhuba ibe eludongeni, zikhuphe lesutkheyisi, hamba uye kwindlu).
3. Communication, leyo Kunyanzelekile ubudlelwane eyiyo syntactic ukuqikelela okuza kwenzeka (mhlophe qhwa, isinxibo nepokotho endlwini).
4. Communication, nto leyo nepredskazuyuschey inyanzelekile ngobuhlobo lwesemantiki kunye syntactic (kuphila ngaphaya ehlathini, ihlathi, ehlathini).
5. Communication, nto leyo nepredskazuyuschey ozikhethelayo kunye unxulumano lwesemantiki kunye syntactic (umsebenzi egadini, ukubhala ngeveki, indlu kufuphi indlela).

Junction

Amagama kule ndlela yonxibelelwano ibinzana echazwe ngentla babedla adjacently. Junction - uqhagamshelo owayamileyo, apho ilizwi ixhomekeke ayitshintshi ukwakheka kwalo, kwaye indawo kuphela ngokunxulumene master. Ngoko ke, njengokuba amazwi axhomekeke kolu hlobo lonxibelelwano, yena usoloko amazwi obungenakudlula kuwo akukho ukuxhomekeka syntactic. Ziquka izihlomelo, iintlobo ezimbini ngamazwi - nethi kunye gerund, isichazi engaguquguqukiyo ifomu elula iqondo lokuthelekisa isichazi: ukukhwela, jika ngasekunene, lo mkhwa zokutshaya indala kakhulu, abantwana abadala.

Ngenxa abutment zinokudityaniswa ifom isimelabizo bunini kwi ngumntu wesithathu (yakhe, yayo, yazo) kunye nezibizo: nentsapho yakhe, kwikhaya lakhe, kunye nabantwana babo.

Ngokuba lo hlobo ikhonkco zonxibelelwano ibhekisela uhlobo lesibizo i kwelinye isibizo, engangqinelaniyo kunye nayo, okanye neqela lonke iintlobo zamagama: kwilali Brody, Ichibi izimvu, lo lindixesha "Amazwe," Petersburg-eMoscow omkhulu kunye nabanye.

Ngenxa yokuba contiguity igama edityanisiweyo (oko kukuthi icandelo engundoqo) kunye nefomu yelizwi (oko kuxhomekeke kwicandelo).

Njengoko la mazwi eziphambili ingasetyenziswa besive kwezona ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zentetho. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kungenzeka kwexesha associative lwesemantiki okanye zegrama ziye lingqongwe njenge abutment. Ngokomzekelo, xa izibizo kukho izihlomelo akunakwenzeka qualitative, ento kwaye zingasetyenziswa kuphela ngezenzi. Phantse nayiphi na inxalenye intetho zingasetyenziswa nethi (ngokuba isiphawulo, isibizo, isenzi, isandiso Isimaphambili), kodwa kungekhona igama ngalinye kumela.

iimpawu contiguity

Olu uhlobo lwamagama lonxibelelwano kule nkulumo nepredskazuyuschim (kuba akukho ichazwa ngendlela igama oxhomekeke). Junction - bond ubukhulu becala ungayikhetha, kodwa kwezinye iimeko ukuze kufuneka contiguity.

contiguity uwunikela

1. Izenzi kunye nentsingiselo inkanuko, kuya, izenzi kwisigaba kunokwenzeka (nobuganga lokuphikisa, ukuze ubathethele cwaka, efuna ukufunda, ukuze ayeke ukusebenza).
2. izenzi isihlomelo ezingeni qualitative kwaye ulwazi (bazive bezithembile, ngumhlobo, khangela elungileyo).
3. isihlomelo izibaluli kunye nesithuba kwisenzi ukuba indawo ixabiso yokuhlala (kubakho kude, sikufuphi kwaye ube kufuphi).

amagama unxibelelwano yobeko kweli binzana kunye abutment nako ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi mazwi angaba ulwalamano syntactic ngokufanelekileyo okanye esemantiki kwezivakalisi.

iintlobo contiguity

Ngokutsho iseti ngentla iimpawu zezi zilandelayo iintlobo amazwi ibinzana ngokuphathelene yaxokomezela:

1. Unxibelelwano, nto leyo nepredskazuyuschey inyanzelekile ndingumhlobo kwezivakalsi olufanelekileyo (attributive) (ukuba abe nako ukubonisa ukuqhubeka ukuthetha, enze igobe).
2. Communication, nto leyo nepredskazuyuschey inyanzelekile ngobuhlobo lwesemantiki kunye syntactic (ukuhamba, nomi malungana).
3. Unxibelelwano, nto leyo ngokuzithandela kunye attributive (eneneni syntactic) ubudlelwane nepredskazuyuschey (umsebenzi kunye ehleka ngolonwabo, e Yelnya, le ncwadi umdla ngaphezulu).
4. Communication, nto leyo nepredskazuyuschey ozikhethelayo ngobuhlobo lwesemantiki kunye syntactic (umsebenzi phezulu, ukuze nithi izolo, eMoscow namhlanje, ungaveli kuyaphula, isixeko ebusuku).

Iintlobo ichweba kwiipropati zegrama

Xa yaxokomezela ubudlelwane owahlukeneyo kwaye ngokwegrama amagama kweli binzana. Ngokwalo mgaqo iquka iintlobo ezifana unxibelelwano amazwi ibinzana nje, igrafu contiguity, nethi, isihlomelo, ifom lesibizo nonconcordial kunye isichazi invariable.