Umthambo Popliteal: nokwakheka mphandle. Pathology kwemithambo popliteal

Umthambo Popliteal - isitya kunokuba elikhulu, nokuqhubeka ngqo phantsi kwemithambo femoral. Ihlala ukwakhiwa esiqhumeni neurovascular, kunye iphuma homonymous kunye luvo tibial. Ngasemva, indawo yo- fossa popliteal, Vienna ubuxoki kufutshane kumphezulu ngaphezu kwemithambo; nemithambo tibial - lunezinto ngaphezu imithambo yegazi.

Indawo kanye nesimo

Ekuqaleni ijelo beso asezantsi ophambili, ukuba ibekwe phantsi mpuku polumembrannoy kwemithambo popliteal ezikufutshane emazantsi lokuqala ukuya fossa popliteal ze yifemur (ethangeni ngqo ngaphezulu), kwaye - ukuba iqokobhe idolo philisi.

nabo isebe Umthambo aphantsi lo izihlunu ethangeni. Utyhutyha kulo indawo emxinwa phakathi khaba of esihlunwini gastrocnemius, leyo iwugubungele. Ke kaloku ke afika emacaleni ekampu esihlunwini soleus, inqanawa yahlulwe ngaphambili nangesemva tibial umthambo.

Isalathiso kwemithambo popliteal kuye phezu kwam;
• Xa inxalenye engentla isitya fossa popliteal uba kwicala ezantsi kwaye ngaphandle.
• Ukususela kwiminyaka yoo-inqanaba fossa popliteal, Umthambo popliteal uyalwa kakhulu nkqo ezantsi.

Amasebe kwemithambo popliteal

Endleleni phantsi kwemithambo popliteal unika iqela amasebe:
• Amasebe eliphezulu dystrophy.
• I-engasentla osecaleni edolweni umthambo.
• I-engasentla medial edolweni umthambo.
• I-avareji edolweni umthambo.
• Hlisa ngedolo kwemithambo lateral.
• Lower medial edolweni umthambo.
• imithambo ithole (amabini, kunqabile - ngaphezulu).

Popliteal umfula kwemithambo

Ngokutsho manani zonyango, eli lizwe kakhulu rhoqo aneurysms kwi kwimida: malunga ne-70% ye aneurysms yoluvo abekiwe kwindawo popliteal. Esona sizathu sokuba urhulumente sifo ithathwa yegazi, ekubeni njengoko inkalo etiological kwi uninzi lwezigulane kunye popliteal umfula kwemithambo.
Popliteal kwimithambo kwemithambo kuphuhlisa phantse kungakhathaliseki ubudala; kuthetha uneminyaka emalunga ne-60 iminyaka, yaye ukusasazeka iminyaka - ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwi-90. sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi mazwe irekhodwa-50% yamatyala.
Ngokuphawulekayo rhoqo ngakumbi esi sifo sichaphazela abantu.
Lo mfanekiso kwezonyango esilawulwa iimpawu amanxeba kobuchopho ye esiphelweni distal; zingadityaniswa kunye ucinezelo iimpawu-luvo kunye umthambo (kunye ucinezelo of kwemithambo sabo).
iingxaki:
• thrombosis le kwemithambo (aneurysmal umgodi);
• uqhekeko kwemithambo;
• calcification kwe kwemithambo;
• ucinezelo le-luvo.
Ukuxilonga isicelo:
• angiography;
• CT.
Kuba unyango lwe tubal kakhulu eyenziwa rhoqo kwemithambo popliteal ngapha nangapha kwemithambo (proximal kwaye distal wayo), ilandelwe yi utyando bypass.

Popliteal umfula thrombosis

Predisposing into ukuze kwakhiwe egazi kwi kwemithambo woyisiwe umphezulu engaphakathi ezityeni, nto leyo ebangela ezi zinto zilandelayo ukuze ube:
• iidipozithi atherosclerotic sisezindongeni imithambo yegazi;
• wegazi;
• diabetes;
• uhlukunyezwe eludongeni nemithambo;
• vasculitis.

kubonakaliswa clinical

Thrombosis kwemithambo popliteal kuboniswa mpawu zilandelayo:
• Ubuhlungu ezinamandla lomzimba evela kabukhali. Izigulane badla uthelekise imbonakalo yakhe bang. Kwixa elizayo, ezi ntlungu athathe paroxysmal kwindalo; kunye ulahlwa kukhokelela imbonakalo umbilo apha esikhumbeni. Ezinye Inzala yemali ubuhlungu kungekho njongo kuthetha ukuphucula imeko yesigulane ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• blanching esikhumba alo mlenze achaphazelekayo.
• Ukuphungula iqondo lobushushu eluswini mlenze achaphazelekayo.
• I-imbonakalo ukuqina umlenze; indawo yayo ingqamana indawo yenqanaba thrombus.
• Ukunciphisa, yaye kamva - yokuduka uvakalelo kwi yonyawo; imbonakalo paresthesias.
• Ukucutha nokushukumisa mlenze achaphazelekayo. Kamva ukuhamba bangase balahlekelwe ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu kancane, kuqalwa imbonakalo intlungu.
Xa engekho amanyathelo afanelekileyo uyakwazi ukuphuhlisa ingxaki ngokohlobo ukubola. Le meko iphawulwa umahluko ocacileyo phakathi inyama obuqhelekileyo necrotic. Kamva necrotizing ingxenye zidumbu.
Ukuba uza kuphoxwa-case - ababenalo indawo necrotic. Le meko axilonge olukhula ngokukhawuleza komzimba, ephawulwe leukocytosis egazini kunye nobukho ekungafuneki okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi.