Disease ukuva kunye nombono: Iintlobo, oonobangela, unyango, uthintelo

Umntu uvunyelwe ukubona nokuva ubuhle behlabathi elijikelezile. Kungenxa yamehlo engama-90% eenkcukacha ezizayo, kwaye sibonga kwilungu lokuphulaphula, siyaqonda izandi ezisuka kwihlabathi langaphandle. Kubaluleke kakhulu imeko yezempilo yalezi ziko ukuze umntu angakhokelela ngokuphila ngokupheleleyo. Cinga ngesifo seempawu zombono kunye nokuphulaphula ngokuthe ngcaciso, siya kufunda ngezizathu, iindlela zokonyango kunye nezindlela zokuthintela.

Iintlobo zezifo zamehlo

Amalungu ombono aqala ukudala nangona umntwana esesibhedlela somama. Ixesha eliphambili kakhulu lophuhliso liyiminyaka eli-1 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5. Iliso likhulayo lifikelela kwiminyaka eyi-14-15. Kwiminyaka engama-2-3, ukuhamba kwamehlo kuyakhiwa, kwileli xesha ukuba i-strabismus ibonakale.

Inendima enkulu idlalwe yilo lifa kunye nesimo sempilo jikelele. Ukutshatyalaliswa, ukukhathala, ukuxinezeleka koxinzelelo kungagxininisi kuphela kwinkqubo yeentlanzi, kodwa, njengoko izazinzulu zibonakalise, ziyizona zimbangela zezifo zombutho wombono.

Nazi ezinye iintlobo zezifo zamehlo ezenzeka rhoqo:

1. I-Myopia okanye i-nearsightedness. Kuyi siphene esibukekayo, apho umfanekiso owenziwe kungekhona kwi-retina yeso, kodwa phambi kwayo. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ezisondelelene komnye zibonakala ngokucacileyo, kwaye zibi - ezo zikude. Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhula ngexesha lokukhula. Ukuba awuyiphathi lesi sifo, iyaqhubeka kwaye ingakhokelela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kombono nokukhubazeka.
2. Hypermetropia okanye hyperopia. Oku kuyimbonakalo ebonakalayo apho umfanekiso uvela emva kwe-retina. Xa ulutsha, ngoncedo lwengxaki yokuhlala, unokufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo. Abantu abahluphekileyo kwisifo esinjalo bahlala beba nekhanda ekujongeni amehlo.
3. Strabismus okanye strabismus. Oku kukwaphulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo zombini. Uphawu oluphambili luyi-position asymmetric ye-cornea ngokubhekiselele kumacangca kunye neengcambu zeelesi. I-Strabismus ingaba yintsapho kwaye ifumaneke.
4. Astigmatism. Iphutha elibonakalayo apho ukuma kwe-cornea yelensi okanye iliso liphukile, okubangelwa umntu olahlekelwa amandla okubona umfanekiso ocacileyo. Ukuba le nto ayiphathwa, ingakhokelela ekuhlahleni okubukhali kumbono okanye kwi-strabismus.
5. I-Nystagmus, okanye ukuthuthumela kwelihlo, ibonakaliswa ngokuchithwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwamehlo.
6. Amblyopia. Esi siphene sihambelana nokunciphisa embonweni, asikwazi ukulungiswa ngoncedo lweelensi okanye iilazi.
7. I-Cataract ibonakaliswe ngophawu lomlingo welihlo.
8. Glaucoma. Izifo ezinxulumene nokunyuka rhoqo okanye ngokukhawuleza kwenycinezelo lwe-intraocular. Ngenxa yoko, ukunciphisa ubuninzi bokubonakala kunye ne-optic atrophy.
9. I-Computer visual syndrome. Iimpawu zobungakanani bokubonisa izithombe, amehlo oomileyo, ukubetha, ukuphindwa kabini.
10. Conjunctivitis. Ubonakaliswa ukuvuvukala kwimbumba efihla isohlo kunye neentloko zelihlo ukusuka kwicala liso.

Ezi zizinye zezifo ezihambelana ngqo ne-analyzer ebonakalayo.

Izizathu zesifo sobuso

Ukuphuhliswa kwesiphi na isifo kufuneka sibe nezizathu zaso, ngokwemvelo, zikhona kwizifo zamehlo.

1. Ukujongana nokujonga. Izizathu:

• Spasm yokuhlala.
• Shintsha ukuma kwe-cornea.
• Ukufuduswa kwe-lens ngenxa yengozi.
• I-sclerosis ye-lens, ebonakalayo kubantu abadala.

2. Iimbangela ze-hyperopia:

• Ubungakanani obuncitshisiweyo benoboni, ngoko ke zonke iintsana zibheke phambili. Umntwana uyakhula, kwaye kunye naloo kwiliso kude kube neminyaka eyi-14 ukuya kwe-15, ngoko ke, ngokudala eli qhekeza lingafi.
• Ikhono le-lens lokutshintsha i-curvature iyancipha. Esi siphene sivela kubudala.

3. Strabismus. Izizathu:

• Ukulimala.
• I-hyperopia, ukungahambi kakuhle, i-astigmatism yezinga eliphezulu kunye neqondo eliphezulu.
• Izifo zesistim se-nervous central.
• Ukukhubazeka.
• Ukuxinezeleka.
• Ukukhathazeka kwengqondo, ukwesaba.
• Ama-anomali ekuphuhlisweni kunye nokuqhotyosheliswa kwezihlunu ze-oculomotor.
• Izifo ezithintekayo.
• Izifo zeSomatic.
• Ukulahla okubukhali emehlweni esiso elinye.

4. Iingxaki ze-astigmatism:

• Ngokuqhelekileyo esi siphene sinobuqhetseba kwaye ezininzi azibangela ukuphazamiseka.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo.
• Izifo ze-cornea.
• Ukungenelela kokusebenza kwi-eyeballball.

5. Ukuthuntwa kweso. Izizathu zilandelayo:

• Ubuthathaka obuthathaka okanye obuthathaka bombono.
• Ukutyhefuza ngamachiza.
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-cerebellum, i-pituitary gland okanye i-medulla oblongata.

6. I-Amblyopia inokwenzeka xa kukho:

• Strabismus.
• I-Genetic predisposition.

7. ICataract. Izizathu zilandelayo:

• I midiyo.
• Ukulimala.
• Isifo sikashukela.
• Ukuguga ngokwemvelo.

8. I-glaucoma ivela kwesi sizathu esilandelayo:

• U kunyuswa kwe-intraocular.

9. I-Syndrome yomboniso wekhompyutha. Izizathu zivela kwesi sihloko:

• Impembelelo engebiyo yeekhompyutheni kunye nomsakazo wombane.
• Ukungabikho kwemigangatho yokukhanyisa ngexesha lomsebenzi nokufunda.

I-Conjunctivitis inezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi.
• Izifo ezahlukeneyo.
• Impembelelo yeMichiza.
• Ukulimala.

Ingagqitywa ukuba izifo ezininzi ezihlukeneyo zembono wombono, zihlala zizizathu zokuphuhliswa kwazo.

Unyango kunye nokukhuselwa kwezifo zamehlo

Ukunyangwa kwezifo zamehlo zisebenzisa:

1. Ukulungiswa kwe-OMS.
2. Iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano.
3. Unyango.
4. Inkqubo zePhysiotherapeutic.
5. I-gymnastics yokwelapha kwamehlo.
6. Kwezinye iimeko, ukungenelela ngonyango kunokwenzeka.

Ukuze ukhusele ukuvela kwezifo zamehlo, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho emininzi:

• Nciphisa igalelo lexesha elibi. Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube ngokukhazimulayo ngokwaneleyo kwaye kungaboni amehlo. Ukuba usebenza kwikhompyutheni okanye umsebenzi wakho uhambelana nelokuba unyanzelisa amehlo akho, kufuneka usebenzise ikhefu yonke imizuzu eyi-15-20. Yenza i-gymnastics kwamehlo. Ukubukela iinkqubo zethelevishini kufuneka kuphazamiseke nokuphazamiseka. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu abacebisi ukuba babukele iTV.
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba, khokela ubomi obusebenzayo. Hamba kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngeenyawo. Ukuzilolonga umzimba kufuneka kube ngu-150 imizuzu ngeveki.
• Ukuyeka imikhwa emibi. Yeka ukutshaya, kwaye umngcipheko we-cataracts uya kuncipha amaxesha amaninzi.
• Funda ukujamelana noxinzelelo. Ukulingana nokuzinza kuya kunceda ukugcina impilo.
• Kubalulekile ukugcina ushukela wegazi phantsi kolawulo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho isifo sikashukela. Zisoloko ziqhuba uphando.
• Lawula ubunzima bakho. Ubunzima bomzimba obuninzi bubangela iswekile yonyuka, okungukuthi, kwisifo sikashukela, esi sifo, umbono ungadluka ngokuphawulekayo.
• Ukutya ngokuchanekileyo. Thatha iivithamini.

Ukuba ulandela le mithetho elula, ihlabathi liya kuhlala licacile kwaye licacile.

Qaphela! Ukuba unengxaki nombono wakho, kufuneka uqhagamshelane ne-ophthalmologist yakho.

Xa senze izigqibo ezininzi malunga nombono, sicinga ngesifo sezitho zengxoxo. Ekubeni ukuva kungabalulekanga kubomi bomntu. Ukukwazi ukuva nokuqonda izandi zehlabathi elijikelezileyo kwenza ubomi bubonakale kwaye bucebile.

Ziziphi izifo zengxoxo?

Zonke izifo ezinxulumene nesifo seendlebe zingabelana ngamaqela amaninzi.

1. Ukuvutha. Ehamba kunye nentlungu, ukuxhaswa, ukubetha, mhlawumbi umkhuhlane, ukunyuka kokuva. Ezi zifo ezifana ne-otitis media, labyrinthitis.
2. Okungekho ukuvuvukala. Ukungahambi kakuhle kweendlebe, ukucabisa, ukuhlanza, ingxolo ezindlebeni. Ezi zezi zifo: i-otosclerosis, isifo sikaMeniere.
3. Izifo zefungal. Iimpawu zokuzikhupha ezivela endlebeni, ukubetha kunye nengxolo ezindlebeni. Inkxalabo yesi sifo ingakhokelela ekuthungeni.
4. Izifo ezibangelwa yintlungu. Ukukhishwa kwimbumba ye-tympanic ngenxa yokuzikhandla ngokomzimba okanye ukuhla kwamanzi.
   

Ezi zezifo eziphambili zegqeba lokuphulaphula, kwaye ukukhusela kwabo kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinzulu.

Izinto eziphazamisayo ezichaphazela ukuva

Kukho izifo ezinokusichaphazela ukuva. Phakathi kwabo ndifuna ukuphawula oku kulandelayo:

• Izifo zezitho zengxoxo.
• Meningitis.
• Izifo zeCatarrhal.
• IDiphtheria.
• Sinusitis.
• I-rhinitis rhoqo.
• Influenza.
• Iimpawu.
• Syphilis.
• Umkhuhlane we-Scarlet.
• Amathumbu.
• I-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Ukuxinezeleka.

Njengoko kunokubonakala kubaluhlu, kukho ezininzi izifo eziyingozi, isibalo esikhulu sezifo esiziphetheyo ebuntwaneni.

Iingxaki kunye nenxalenye yengxoxo kubantwana

Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho izifo zengxoxo kubantwana. Okuqhelekileyo kwezi zi-otitis. Akusiyo isifo ngokwayo esiyingozi, kodwa iingxaki ezibangelwa kunyango engafanelekanga okanye engafanelekanga. Izifo ezingapheliyo kwilungu lokumamela kubantwana zingabangela ukuthuluba nokuphazanyiswa kwinkqubo yesantya.

Ukuba sibheka isakhiwo se- analyzer yokuphicotha kwengqondo kumntwana, oku kuya kuchaza umngcipheko ophezulu wokutshintshwa kwesifo kwisimo esingapheliyo. Ubungakanani bhubhe ye-Eustachian bubanzi bukhulu kwaye bufutshane kunokuba ngumntu omdala. Idibanisa i-nasopharynx kunye ne-tympanum, kunye neentsholongwane zokuphefumula, ezisoloko zigula kubantwana, okokuqala zingena kwi-nasopharynx. Ngenxa yefuthe elifutshane kunye nelibanzi le-Eustachian, usulelo luya kufakwa lula kwi-ear ear. I-Otitis igxobhoza emzimbeni ngaphakathi, ngoko ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kweentetho kubantwana kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufundisa umntwana ukuba aqhube kakuhle impumlo yakhe ukuze i-mucus ephuzweni ingangeni kwiindlebe. Kubalulekile ukumisa amatye ngamanye ngexesha.

Kwiintsana, ukuhlaziywa ngokutsha kungakhokelela kwi-otitis media, ngoko kubalulekile ukugcina umntwana ethe tye emva kokutya. Iintsana zihlala zixoka, kwaye ukuba kukho impumlo ehambayo okanye encinci idla ngokukhawuleza, kuyimfuneko ukuyigcina ilungile kunye nasesikhwameni ukujika ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, ukukhusela intsholongwane yokungena kwi-tympanum.

Kwakhona, ukunyuka kwamathambo adilesiyimu kunokususa inqubo yokuvuvukala kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kubangela ukunyuka kokuva. Kubalulekile ukunyanga i-rhinitis, izifo ezivuthayo zomqala emqaleni.

Ukuphulaphula izifo zonyango

Ukuba kukho iingxaki kwiindlebe, kufuneka ubone ugqirha-otolaryngologist.

Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuphatha izifo ezinjalo. Kuxhomekeke kwisibalo sesi sifo kuya kunikwa unyango.

Ngoko, izifo ezivuthayo zezigqeba zetyala ziphathwa ngamalungiselelo eengqungquthela, zisebenzise iziyobisi ezichasayo kunye ne-antibacterial.

Izifo ezingavuliyo, njengomthetho, zinyangwa ngoncedo lwezakhono zobugcisa.

Ukusuka kwiingxaki zefungal of organ hearing zichitha ixesha elide kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antimycotic. Ingqwalasela ngokukodwa ihlawulwa ekunyamekelweni kwenyango.

Izifo eziphazamisayo ziphathwa ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yomonakalo.

Ukuva izifo kunokususa nje ukusuleleka kukuphefumula. Kwabanye, le ngxaki ingcali. Umsindo ngomntu unempembelelo enkulu, kubandakanywa nomsebenzi wesistim, i-cardiovascular, kwaye ke, iziko ezivayo.

Izifo zomsebenzi zezitho zengxoxo

Kukho ubugcisa obuninzi, ubunobungozi obukho kwingcambu yesandi. Bangabasebenzi beefektri, ezibonakaliswe kwingxolo eqinile yamashishini osebenzayo kunye noomatshini kulo lonke usuku olusebenzayo. Iinjineli kunye nabaqhubi beetrakta baxhomekeke ekutyikitheni okukhulu, okuchaphazela izitho zokuphulaphula.

Isandi esinamandla sinempembelelo ekusebenzeni komntu kunye nempilo yakhe. Kucaphukisa i-cortex ye-cerebral, oku kubangela ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza, ukulahlekelwa ngqalelo, kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekudakaleni kwindawo yokusebenzela. Ukwenzakala kwengxolo indoda isetyenziselwa yona, kwaye ukuva kwehla kuyabangela ukungaboni. Kwakhona izitho zangaphakathi zihlupheka, imiqulu yazo ingatshintshwa, inkqubo yokugaya ingxaki iyaphazamiseka.

Kodwa ingxolo nje kuphela yimbangela yezifo zomsebenzi zezitho zengxoxo. Esinye isizathu kukuba ukunyanzelwa kwengxaki kunye nemiphumo yezinto ezinobuthi. Umzekelo, umsebenzi wokuphambuka. Umlenze we tympanic uhlala phantsi kweengcinezelo zangaphandle zangaphandle, kwaye ukuba awuhambisani nemigaqo yomsebenzi, unokutshabalalisa.

Ngaphantsi kwefuthe eliqhubekayo lezinto ezinobuthi kunye ne-radioactive, ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwindlebe yangaphakathi kuphazanyiswa, umzimba utywala, kwaye oku kuphazamisa izifo zomsebenzi.

Isifo esiqhelekileyo sisifo se-neuritis yentsholongwane yokuhlola, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Izifo zezitho zetyala zingaphazamisa umsebenzi we-vestibular kwaye zidale izifo zesifo se-nervous system. Ngokukodwa xa ungaqalanga unyango kumaziko okuqala okuphuhliswa kwesifo.

Kubalulekile ukuthobela imithetho yokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kweentetho kubantu abasebenza kwezi meko. Oku kubalulekile ukugcina impilo yabantu.

Ukukhusela izifo ze-analyzer yokuphicotha

Wonke umntu unako ukugcina iindlebe zabo ziphilile, kwaye ukuva - kucace kwaye kucace. Ukuthintela izifo zamalungu entetho kuqukwa nemithetho elandelayo:

1. Sebenzisa izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo: izixhobo zokudlala, i-headphones, iinqununu kwiimeko zokunyuka kwengxolo yokuthintela izifo zokusebenza. Zihlala zihlolwa iimviwo, zigcine ulawulo lomsebenzi kunye nokuphumla.
2. Ngexesha, phatha izifo zentetho, kunye nomqala nomphunga. Ukuzinyango akuvumelekanga.
3. Zama ukunciphisa izinga lomsindo wendlu xa usebenza kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya, izixhobo zokwakha kunye nezixhobo, sebenzisa i-headphone okanye i-plugs-ear.
4. Nciphise ixesha lokusetyenziswa kweplagi-in kunye ne- headphone ye-headphones.
5. Ngaphambi kokuthatha iyeza, funda imiyalelo uze uqaphele ngokuthe ngqo umlinganiselo.
6. Xa unentsholongwane kunye nezifo zokuphefumula, gcina ukulala.
7. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, tyelela iingcali ukuba kukho iingxaki kwiimvo zentetho kunye nezifo zesimiso senzwa.
8. Ukuthintela izifo zamalungu entloko kukuqala kokuthotyelwa kokuhlambulula ucoceko.

Ucoceko lwezitho zengxoxo kunye nokubona

Izifo zamalungu ombono kunye nokuva akunakunqandwa ngaphandle kococeko.

Ukucoca iindlebe kuyimfuneko ukuba ufunde umntwana ukusuka kwiminyaka emncinci. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka usebenzise intonga yeendlebe. Kubalulekile ukucoca i-auricle kwaye ususe ukukhutshwa, ukuba kukho. Awukwazi ukufaka i-cotton bud in the canal ear, ngaleyo ndlela udala iplagi yendlebe.

Kubalulekile ukukhusela iindlebe kwi-hypothermia, kwintengiso nakwizandi, kwaye ukhuphe impembelelo yezinto eziyingozi.

Kubalulekile! Ukuthintela izifo kwenkqubo yokuvalelwa kuya kulondoloza impilo kunye nokukwazi ukuva umculo wehlabathi elijikelezile.

umbono Health ukuthi:

• Gcina iso ecocekileyo.
• Ukuzikhusela kane eluthulini, ukwenzakala, chemical.
• Xa usebenza isixhobo esiyingozi ukusebenzisa izibuko ukhuseleko.
• Gcina imo izibane.
• Ukuze sihlale umbono elungileyo kuyimfuneko ukuba ekutyeni zonke iivithamini. Ukungabikho kubo kungakhokelela kwizifo iliso ezahlukeneyo kunye ongaboniyo.

Zonke ezi ngcebiso kunye nengcebiso kuyenzeka. Ukuba ukuthobela, ngoko iindlebe zakho namehlo ixesha elide iya kuhlala isempilweni kwaye ukuziyolisa kwenu kunye imifanekiso nezandi zehlabathi ezingqongileyo.