Umnqonqo

Umnqonqo yenye zezahlulo i CNS (inkqubo luvo), ukudibanisa umzimba ukuya yemeko ezisingqongileyo kwaye ukulawula imisebenzi yayo. Kuyinto ngenxa kwinkqubo luvo, kunye namaziko kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ekuvunyelenwe ukuphendula iinguqu ezithi zenzeke kokusingqongileyo.

unxibelelwano ingqondo benemizimba nasemilenzeni ngokusebenzisa umnqonqo. Iqhuba imisebenzi introducer kunye reflex.

Njani yaye phi umnqonqo

Ubume besebe CNS silula. Umnqonqo ukhandwa mba hina namhlophe. into emhlophe - kwinkqubo ye luvo (myelinated kwaye unmyelinated), imithambo-luvo kunye igazi ingaphantsi engqongwe kwizicwili. Gray Umba ifomu luvo imizimba iseli kunye neenkqubo ukuba la esingxotyeni myelin. Ngokutsho embindini umnqonqo ipasisa ijelo elo izele cerebrospinal fluid. Ngenxa izibilini imilenze luvo zayo ezininzi ezinxulumeneyo, obubonakala ngokuba yincwadi efanelekileyo imveliso frequency.

umnqonqo ufikelela nobubanzi omdala iisentimitha enye enesiqingatha ubude -. 45 cm avareji ubunzima bayo '35

Yeyona spinal intambo yomntu kwisithuba engaphakathi lomsele spinal. Ngokwangaphandle, kubonakala ngathi ngentambo elide kunye namasebe amaninzi. Isiphelo ayo aphezulu akukho umda elibukhali ezinxulumene le Oblongata Medulla kwi I vertebra wesibeleko, ezantsi imi kwinqanaba I-II amathambo empontshwa. Yena uya kungena isiphelo umsonto (spinal). izabelo ekupheleni Upper womsonto kukho iziqwenga zobuchopho, kodwa kungenjalo ukuma uqhagamshelo. Gaze ukuya Dura kwi emjelweni sacral, ngomsonto spinal kuqhotyoshelwe ekupheleni kwayo.

Kukho imifinya ezintathu olungqonge umnqonqo. esingxotyeni kwangaphakathi - soft (semithambo) I-avareji - arachnoid langaphandle - okuqinileyo. Ukususela iimvulophu sisiya emjelweni ithambo zizinto nemisipha ukuba ugcine umnqonqo babemile. I indawo ephakathi sheaths yangaphakathi kwaye ophakathi lizele cerebrospinal fluid.

Ngenxa yoko, em- emjelweni spinal apho ibekwe umnqonqo, uzaliswe okunamafutha izihlunu, ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal, iinwebu ingqondo kunye imithambo yegazi.

vee Longitudinal uwahlule umnqonqo ngasekunene nangasekhohlo iihafu macala.

In lomsele spinal umgama omfutshane ke iingcambu luvo. Bavela kwesiqingatha ngasinye, ukwakha imikrozo emibini longitudinal. Bashiya umsele vertebral ngokusebenzisa imingxuma foraminarnye. Umnqonqo lubonakala ngokuba segmental ngokukhawuleza. Ezi ziqwempu thelekisa inxalenye yengqondo, ikhefu imizwa lomsele spinal kubo zayo. kwilungu ngalinye innervates indawo ethile emzimbeni womntu.

Kukho iindawo ezintlanu umnqonqo. Yentamo okuyingxenye ziqwempu ezisibhozo ubambo - ziqwempu elinambini, empontshwa - ezintlanu sacral - Kwakhona ezintlanu coccygeal - 1-3 ingxenye. Amahlelo innervate wesibeleko iingalo kunye entanyeni, iindawo thoracic - isifuba isisu, empontshwa kunye sacral - imilenze, amalungu zangasese kunye perineum. iingcambu-luvo uqhebeke ngaphantsi kwenqanaba iziphelo umnqonqo innervate isiqingatha esezantsi umzimba kuquka amalungu zangasese.

Disorder ubukhali okanye umsebenzi lwemoto indawo ethile umzimba ukubonisa isabelo umnqonqo, leyo kunokubangela umonakalo.

Kruqula neuropathy ukusuka umnqonqo ukuya amaza luvo wafumana amalungu omzimba. Bona elawula umsebenzi onke amalungu. luvo oluvo sikhupha ulwazi kwinyama kunye namaziko ukuba umnqonqo; CNS.