Ummiselo yokwala amatyala: i bokuqonda umthetho kunye nesicelo yayo

Ummiselo ukulinganiselwa ityala - ixesha apho ababolekisi (kwaye ingaba nabani) angasifumana kwakhona ityala sonetyala ngokusebenzisa iinkundla. Eli xesha limiselwe ngumthetho yaye emva kokuphela abatyalwayo akungekwazeki ukuba baphinde amalungelo abo - ukuhlawula ityala ngokusebenzisa iinkundla. Amatyala banokuba phambi eziluncedo (hayi uhlawule irenti), ukuze tyalwayo kwinkampani, ityala kumntu (ummi zesiqhelo), ukuba kukho nto irisithi, ityala kwi-mboleko, namatyala isalamane ongasekhoyo abashiya nawe ilifa, kuquka ngohlobo ityala. Kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwetyala umthetho ngokubeka ixesha awufuna yokuya enkundleni, kodwa kukho kwakhona yokusebenza eqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezininzi - iminyaka emithathu.

Nangona ummiselo yokwala ematyaleni uyafa, nangoku umbolekisi angalahlekelwa ilungelo ukumangalela. Kodwa ke, emva kokuba ummangalelwa ukuba ubonane nommeli yaye uya isikhalazo okanye inkcaso yebango, kwaye luya kuba kokuphela ezingummiselo ukulinganiselwa.

Umthetho ubonelela Kwiimeko ezinjalo apho ezingummiselo iintsilelo nga kwandiswa "ngonaphakade." Ngokomzekelo, enye intengiselwano phantsi apho waphula imithetho ekuqukunjelweni izivumelwano (umnqophiso asiyonyani wenza zamiselwa intengiselwano, isivumelwano, iphula amalungelo ebalulekileyo civil) - abakwazi ukusebenzisa ngummiselo iintsilelo, kuba lityala elibi. Zonke iimeko apho ingenakusetyenziswa kulophulo xesha kwesithintelo ichazwe kwinqaku 208 iKhowudi Civil, kodwa akukho namnye kubo ngamalungelo substantive. Ngoko ke, lo ummiselo yokwala ityala umiselwe ukuya kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emithathu. Ezi zinto oqhelekileyo namatyala zokufumana (ummiselo yokwala kwirisithi kufuneka uqale ukubala ukusukela kusuku lokuqala emva ixesha lokuhlawulwa kwetyala ichaziweyo irisithi), kunye ityala mboleko (ukususela ekupheleni isivumelwano semali-mboleko), kunye ezifunyenweyo (amatyala inkampani). Ithuba umda kokufunyenweyo ibalwa ukususela kumhla ngokunqunyanyiswa ubudlelwano kunye namaqabane, ngemali, abaxhobisi. Ekupheleni ezingummiselo iintsilelo amatyala iye icinywe ngokungqinelana nemithetho yokuqhubela accounting ingxelo (irhafu kunye nekhowudi civil). Ukuba akukho sivumelwano, ixesha umda libalwa ukususela kwimini xa umboleki uvumelekile ukuba bafune intlawulo yetyala kwinkampani.

Kwelinye icala, lo gama kuqhubeka flow, nokuba ityala "lathatyathelw 'indawo host" - waya umnini omtsha libe lilifa, okanye ngokuhlanganisa nkampani. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umthetho tyala lubonise ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwazisa kumthetho uluhlu iimeko apho ngummiselo yokwala kwetyala kufuneka zicingeleka lunqunyanyisiwe. sele Ezinye iinkundla bayiphulaphula le uluvo leNkundla ePhakamileyo kwaye usebenzise kwiimeko enkundleni kwiimeko ezithile. Umzekelo, ukuba kuhlawulwe ityala esele yenziwe yi onetyala ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye kwisithuba lilinganiselwa.

Kwakhona kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba umhla luqala kubalwe le kota (kwiSiqendu 200 Code Civil). Ithuba kwesithintelo iqala kwimini ukuba otyalwayo wayesazi ukuba ilungelo lakhe ligxojiwe (kulo mzekelo - isibophelelo ityala ayenziwanga zinyanzelwe, akukho seyibuyisiwe phambi debt). Kukho iimeko apho umbolekisi exaggerates umhla yokubala ixesha (ukuze kulungelwe), kwaye understates onetyala (lakhe). inkundla kuphela isigqibo kubo kufutshane inyaniso ngokwemiqathango yomthetho. Eyona nto iphambili - bubukho ubungqina etheni iqela elinye okanye elinye. Ubungqina kakhulu kwezi meko, Kakade ke, kukho isivumelwano, nokuba ityala, isivumelwano delivery, isivumelwano arhente, okanye irisithi (ukuba kuphela nje umhla xa umboleki kufuneka ubuyele imali). Kwaye ukuba kukho ubudlelwane umnqophiso phakathi otyalwayo kunye unetyala ubizwa ngokuba 'abulawe ixesha elithile. " Xa eli xesha iphela, kwaye ityala na lubuyiswe, lo ekubaleni isithuba mda iqala. Ukuba akukho sivumelwano okanye olunye uxwebhu ekufanele ukuba ixesha na inzaliseko izibophelelo kwi ityala, ngoko ke ixesha umda nzima ngakumbi. Umbolekisi zingafonela nawuphi na umhla xa Kwazeka ukuba ityala liya yakuyibuyisa. Kule meko kuyimfuneko ukuthembela ngokwemiqathango nezivumelwano ngomlomo.

Nangona zonke iingxaki, ummiselo yokwala yamatyala - kuba umlinganiselo ngokupheleleyo kufanelekile, kuba unetyala kwaye ngamanye amaxesha adinga ukhuseleko evela amatyala intshutshiso. Kwaye iminyaka emithathu - kube lixesha elifanelekileyo ukuze kubuyiselwe amalungelo abo, kwimeko yetyala ngakumbi kwaye awudingi.