UMikhail Sholokhov, incwadi ethi 'The Angawokuphumla Don ": ncomo, iinkcazelo kunye iimpawu hero

"Makube aqukuqela i Don" - lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo kwabo kuzinikela Don Cossacks. Kwisikali kufanekiswa with "War Noxolo" Tolstoy. It ibonisa lesiqa enkulu yobomi yabemi elalini Cossack kunye nentlekele abantu Russian inoveli uyindumasi "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don". Abahlalutyi bevumelana into enye: le ncwadi yenye mkhulu ncwadi. Uluvo lo mbhali neze kangaka. Eli nqaku Eyokuba iimbambano malunga mbhali noveli wodumo abalinganiswa kwezi baphambili.

History of indalo

Le noveli engekakhawulwa eko ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela. yokubhala kwakhe kwakhokelwa nokudalwa amabali Don kaThixo. Characters kwilali Cossack waphefumlela umbhali yomsebenzi elide kwi ezinkulu-scale wobuciko. Yaye "Makube aqukuqela i Don" lo inoveli yesine sagqitywa ngowe-1940. Izimvo labaphandi, yaye phakathi kwabo kwakukho Alexander Solzhenitsyn, indawo eninzi mpikiswano. Umbhali we "Lokuqala Circle", watsho ukuba impahla le ncwadi amava ophezulu kakhulu yaye nenqanaba lemfundo Sholokhov. Lo msebenzi, ngokutsho Solzhenitsyn, azikwazanga kusekwa kuphela inkosi, yaye kuphela emva kokuba amalinge amaninzi. UMikhail Sholokhov eko kwangethuba ngexesha xa wabhala umqulu wokuqala. Ngasemva kwakhe wayeneminyaka emine kuphela iiklasi zesikolo.

Mhlawumbi omnye buchopho ezizalelwa kanye kwiminyaka elikhulu, nguye umbhali yenoveli "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don '? Ukugxeka abafundi imisebenzi emva Sholokhov bathi zange kumsebenzi wakhe umbhali akazange abonise ngetalente omkhulu onjalo.

Ikakhulu kwinoveli

ingxoxo Long kunye Cossacks pre-revolution kwakhokelwa umsebenzi ngemisebenzi obalaseleyo njenge "I Angawokuphumla Don". Ukuphonononga amarhamente ingcamango zokuveza isekelwe kwinto yokuba ngenxa yobudala babo Sholokhov wayengafumani amava efanayo. Xa inoveli, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba ngobambana ukuchana imifanekiso yobomi bemihla ngemihla, kunye nabalinganiswa make-up nasengqondweni.

Xa iziko - abantu ubhalo eqaqambileyo ngamnye ibali ezintsonkothileyo. ubonisa kakhulu kakhulu umendo ubomi Grigoriya Melehova. Le ubhalo - zibonisa bonke Don Cossacks. quest ezininzi - kwabantu bonke abameli inkcubeko lwentlalo. umsebenzi yamahlwempu yaba yeyona ibalulekileyo kubomi ngamnye kubo. Kunye nomzekelo uTshawe kuboniswa njengoko kwaba nzima ukuyeka indlela yabo yokuphila, kufutshane lomhlaba kunye nabalimi yabasebenzi elula Don Cossacks. I inoveli ngokupheleleyo ubuhle bendalo. Ubuhle nemibala endalo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo lonke ibali inoveli "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don".

Sholokhov nokubuyekezwa sokubhala ubekwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "Yena a ngumbhali embi ngubani na onako embellish ubunyani, efuna ukuba kungokunivela iimvakalelo ofundayo." Kwaye kwinoveli uyindumasi enkulu ubungqina kula magama akhoyo kuphela ubuhle Don uhlobo kunye neemvakalelo amanene abalinganiswa abaphambili, kodwa nesimilo olubi, owayamene kwi ezimangalisayo.

Gregory Melekhov

abalinganiswa inoveli xa - imifanekiso ezintsonkothileyo, multi-amaninzi. Chief phakathi kwabo - Gregory Melekhov. Ekuqaleni akusengamisebenzi kuboniswa njengomntu oqhele lezemisebenzi yamahlwempu ngoxolo. Kufuneka enokuthethwa isimbo yombhali, ezele imibala eqaqambileyo ecacileyo kunye nemibala ezithile. "Imilenze Gregory wasebenzisa iphazamisane emhlabeni," - la mazwi Gregory zincedise umfanekiso kwaye ukudala umfanekiso wendoda umiselwe ukuba abasebenzi kunye nentsapho. Noko ke, ulutsha kunye negazi emazantsi abe isigqibo ikamva layo. Ke ndathandana umfazi otshatileyo. Ngenxa yokuba iimvakalelo zakhe ukuqinisekisa izenzo zakhe izigqibo, omnye - ukukhathalela usapho kunye nenkonzo nomtshakazi.

Enye imigca bali - eli bali ngothando ongaqhelekanga Gregory and Aksinya. Ukuphonononga kwincwadi ethi "The Angawokuphumla Don" washiya inani elikhulu FG Biryukov. ESoviet zoncwadi, akamkeli ingcamango zokuveza Sholokhov, ingakumbi, wathi ukuba indalo le inoveli, umbhali kude esihle. Umsebenzi omkhulu apho kwaye patriarchalism, namasiko konogumbe, kunye yokudodobala nendlu. Kodwa kwicala ezimnyama kubomi babantu siqine kuboniswa izahluko ezinge imfazwe. Ophambili ubona ukungcola ubomi babantu, yaye ndachukumiseka isiphithiphithi olukhulu kwamathandabuzo.

Gregory ukulwa

Ndingenwe lenkolo zomkhosi babebone Melekhov kukhokelela ekubeni kaloku into oyithethayo engayazi indlela amele ahambe. Ubona fratricide, ukufa. Gregory yadibana Cossack "red", nto leyo echaphazela imbono yakhe. Kodwa emva kokubona kokufa kwakhe kabuhlungu ngogonyamelo kunye ihamba ecaleni kwe "white". Kodwa apha akukho awanikele ukungaqiniseki wenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo. Oluninzi ebhadula ezweni Russian, imfazwe-zikrazukile, ukuphanga kunye nobuhlwempu, isiphelo kubuyela ekhayeni lakhe, kanye futhi enomsindo. Wasinda kuphela nyana, engudade Gregory - imfazwe yamakhaya gxebe, ungamconganga owakhe umntu.

"Makube aqukuqela i Don" - inoveli, uphononongo leyo washiya phantse yonke isikhulu kwindlu uncwadi lwekhulu XX. Umbhali Lithuanian J. Avizhyus wathi umbhali lo msebenzi mkhulu zange ubotshiwe nayiphi na imithetho kunye izinqumo baba. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba inoveli kubhaliwe kwathiwa ngamandla, kwaye iqhubeka iphila searing inyaniso ubomi. "Ukumila inoveli unalo ingqibelelo enqabileyo ngokungathi oqingqiweyo ukusuka udongwe single" - wabhala J. Avizhyus.

Isifundo yokufunda-mbali abaninzi abadumileyo nabagxeki loncwadi yaba "Makube aqukuqela i Don". Izigxeko yenoveli - umxholo inani elikhulu amanqaku ezibalulekileyo. V. V. Petelina uluvo malunga imisebenzi ephambili umlinganiswa amathumba phantsi umba typicality lo mlinganiswa. Ngokutsho umgxeki boncwadi, uGregory luphawu bonke abantu, umfanekiso ngokuhlangeneyo bonke abo basinda nentlekele Iminyaka revolution. Kwaye kukho izigidi.

Aksinya

Umlinganiswa ophambili kukuba ungumthombo inkanuko obugcisa, uyibona kunye lithuku. Isiphelo sakhe yeengxaki kuba nako ngenye indlela, unike iziganeko eziye zenzeka nkqu yendlu yooyise. Aksinya waba lixhoba ubundlobongela basekhaya. Le nyaniso ukubeka isithunzi kubudlelwane kunye nomyeni abaselula. Kodwa uthando Axinya utshintsho indlela kwembaliso. Heroine siya badala, kunye ikhula kunye nemvakalelo yayo. Ekuqaleni kwinoveli oko lokuzingca, yaye ekupheleni ukhumbuza yokhathalelo lobunina, kuba umbingelelo.

Nge zengqondo subtle uchazwa ikakhulu kwinoveli "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don" Sholokhov uMikhail. Ukuphononongwa, izimvo malunga le ncwadi, nangona mpikiswano nokusingelwa phantsi malunga zabhalwa, kodwa bayavisisana kule nto - ngumsebenzi omkhulu. Alexei Tolstoy wathi kule ndalo, kwaye nangona zinikwe kakuhle ubomi kanye le Don Cossacks, kodwa kuza kucaca izihloko jikelele nakuzwelonke.

Ngumfanekiso Don

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe Cossacks kumfanekiso kwinoveli. Engekude kwilali Veshenskaya, ikhaya abalinganiswa abaphambili, wolula abanamandla Don omkhulu. Yena namnye ngaphandle njengophawu ubomi kubo bonke abantu. Isihloko sencwadi uthelekisa ne iziganeko echazwe kulo. ubomi Family Melekhovo, Astakhov kunye nabanye abalinganiswa alizaliswanga uxolo nenzolo. Kodwa ke umfanekiso komlambo kungumqondiso iminqweno kunye ezilindelweyo abalinganiswa, ezidaliweyo kwinoveli "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don" uMikhail Sholokhov. Izimvo ngale ncwadi Sergeya Mihalkova unokuthelekisa indima Don kumsebenzi umbhali eSoviet kunye iVolga imisebenzi Gorky kaThixo.

okuphendula

Kwi isakhono Sholokhov ncomo HIV kunye nezimvo kwasala abameli eziphambili iincwadi Soviet. "Makube aqukuqela i Don", ngokutsho kombhali Yu. V. Bondareva, incwadi apho wendawo yangasemva yaba bayahlelwa oonyana babantu. Abameli babantu kamva baba imifanekiso ozithandayo kumsebenzi labalobi pro-eSoviet. Kodwa kufuneka ahlawule irhafu ukuya isipho bezobugcisa umbhali owadala eni of the namaqhawekazi, owathi kamva waba eyona kwimbali lonke uncwadi. Ezi imifanekiso inkanuko Axinya nenzolo onothando Natalia kunye Darya bokungakhathali kwakungandonwabisi.

Umfazi Gregory Melehova - lwalo uthando engenamona, umusa, ongapheliyo uthando lukamama. Kwiminyaka yokuqala nitshatile, yena akakwazi amazwi iimvakalelo. Natalia wayesemncinane kakhulu, yaye umsindo wakhe wayengekho eshushu. Oku kunyusa uthelekiso engaphezi Gregory kunye nomfazi wakhe oyintanda Aksinya.

Okumiselwe Natalia ubuhlungu, njengoko umphefumlo imbangi yakhe. Gregory lento eqwengiweyo phakathi kwakhe kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, yaye ndawo ukufumana ulonwabo. Kodwa ke, nangona zonke, usaqhubeka ukumthanda athembeke. Ukufa Natalia Melekhova kukhokelela yokuba uthando unxantathu yaphukile. Akukho ayisekho kuthintela Ngethamsanqa Gregory and Aksinya. Noko ke, kukho imfazwe, nto leyo ezisa ubunzima, ubunzima kunye nokufa. Kwaye akukho nto ngakumbi.

Ilinichna

igunya elingazange uthando lukamama nobulumko uye Ilinichna. Uyazi bomi umyalelo elawula kuyo. Ubulumko lo mfazi ubonisa ngokunxulumene wayo umolokazana noninazala. Kwakhona Kuthatha Natalia endlwini yakhe koomofu, efuna ukudlulisela namava akhe. Ilinichna nako ukubuyisela uxolo endlwini, njengoko oko kungqinwa ulwalamano lwakhe Panteleem Prokofevichem. Yena yedwa onako ukulwa ngumsindo oshushu zasendle lo mntu. Ke yena uyazi ukuba kuphela uthando abantwana uyakwazi ukudibanisa abazali.

Pantelei

Melekhovo yintloko - u nzima ngenkuthalo umntu. Iqulethe ngokucacileyo kakhulu iimpawu ze inqubo lixesha solusapho. Melekhov uSister ucinga ukuba unelungelo lokohlwaya owamazibulo umfazi wakhe angathembekanga lowo. Yaye nguye yedwa umtshakazi omncinane ukuba isenzo kakhulu eliphezulu-sasekhohlo nkqu kunye lenkolo yexesha. Kodwa ngaphakathi Panteleya Prokofevicha ohlala ububele, isisa. Ezi mpawu kubonakaliswa, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ngokubhekisele Natalia. UYise buhlungu ngenxa yokuba intombi wathiywa ngunyana wakhe. Yena uzama ngandlela zonke ukuphumeza ubulungisa. Kwaye nangona ingcamango kuwo ukuba kuhle hlukile, eqhutywa izenzo zakhe neenjongo ezintle kuphela.

Peter Melekhov

Ubuhle nomtsalane yomntakwabo oluphantsi umdala Gregory. Kodwa ekuqaleni kwinoveli ukuthi kuziveza ubulumko, ezolileyo, elungileyo-natured. izahluko Kamva, esixelela malunga emkhosini, umfundi siyavela eyahlukileyo kancinci uPetros. Le - unobuqili, uyakwazi ukutshintsha. Akukho igazi eshushu kuye, nto leyo nguyise wakhe, umninawa kunye nodadewabo. Kwaye kukho ke ukuba neminqweno emihle inkululeko, nesidibanisa amalungu Melekhovo entsapho.

uDaria

Enye ubhalo umdla female umfazi uPetros. UDaria - nomtsalane, anobungozi. Ubomi bentsapho akukho evinjwa ubuhle bakhe girlish. Kodwa nomnqweno ukuba baphile, ukuze sonwabe utsalo ukuba benze zonke iintlobo amatyala. Eyona nto yoyikekayo kubo uba ukubulala. Noko ke, abosulelwe yi "sisifo esibi" ngenxa yokuba imicimbi uthando ngokungakhethi, ngabom koko zarhaxwa emlanjeni enzulu.

reviews

Malunga inoveli "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don" Mihail Sholohov Uthe umsebenzi wamnika ixesha nzima. Kuyo, wachaza endala kunye Russia entsha, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - ixesha ibuhlungu utshintsho olukhulu, nto leyo zibethe isiphelo zabantu. Ubunzima nasekusweleni abachaphazelekayo umlinganiswa ngamagorha ababekho kulo lonke ibali itshintshe kakhulu.

ixabiso kazwelonke ethi "The Angawokuphumla Don". UMikhail Sholokhov igama Yu. V. Bondarevym mbali olunzulu, umsebenzi wakhe waba ibaluleke kakhulu ngaphezu umsebenzi abo abaphandi abo umkhwa edidayo ngaphezu angena.

Umbuzo wokuba ngubani owabhala "I Angawokuphumla Don", ivaliwe ngokusemthethweni. Zabhalwa kule ncwadi kwaba. Wadala lo inoveli "nenzolo aqukuqela i Don" Sholohov Mihail Aleksandrovich. Abanye abaphandi banelungelo ukuvakalisa iimbono ukuba aye enza umsebenzi elide kakhulu. Kodwa ibinzana elithi "yombhali lowo kwinoveli mkhulu imiqulu ezine" izandi, ubuncinane, engaqhelekanga. Kodwa ke, mhlawumbi, ukuba wonke umntu italente nanto wabonakala kuphela kwincwadi enye.