Umbhali French Anri Barbyus: engobomi, ubuchule kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Enye edume French ababhali ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX - Anri Barbyus. Best iincwadi abamzukisa ipowusta anti-imfazwe, umdlali iPacific zobundlobongela naluphi na uhlobo. Waba ngomnye bokuqala kakhulu esengqiqweni yendalo wachaza zoyikekayo leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

amanyathelo okuqala

Anri Barbyus wazalwa ngo-1873 emantla-ntshona kwimimandla eParis, idolophu encinane Asnieres-sur-Seine, emva kokuba revolution, eyaba zithandwa kakhulu kwamanye amazwe Russian.

Wazalwa usapho isiFrentshi ngamazwe kunye IsiNgesi. Uyise yayo ngumbhali, akumangalisi ukuba unyana wakhe wangena kunye ngempumelelo izidanga ukusuka Faculty of Literature kwi Sorbonne. Barbyusa amanyathelo okuqala kwiincwadi yaba ingqokelela yemibongo, "isijwili", epapashwe ngo-1895. Kanye njengokuba kwiminyaka embalwa kamva ebhaliweyo Science "isihogo" yaye "sikhunga" imveliso okubi wafaka. Kulo ethandwa kakhulu abazange ukuyisebenzisa.

ngaphambili,

Ngowe-1914, ubomi Anri Barbyusa litshintshile kakhulu. Wazicelela ukuya phambili ukulwa eJamani. Ngowe-1915, yena uhlatywe kunye egciniweyo ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Ngokuba nenxaxheba neemeko wawongwa Military Cross, kodwa eyona nto iphambili wezisa ukusuka ngaphambili - ukuba iimvakalelo zakho yaye namava Obumbe isiseko 'umlilo' yakhe ncwadi quadrupeds.

Injongo yalo msebenzi wabonakala phezu ngaphambili, phakathi imilo. Ngaye Barbusse uthi kwiileta zakhe emfazini wakhe. Vula iingcinga zibe kuqala ukusebenza esibhedlele ekupheleni kuka-1915. Le ncwadi ngokukhawuleza kakhulu yagqitywa ngo-Agasti 16 sele iqalile ukuba kupapashwe kwiphephandaba "neyilayo." Uhlelo eyahlukileyo yomsebenzi epapashwe phakathi kuDisemba waloo nyaka mnye indlu epapasha "Flammarion". It wanikwa iwonga le Prix Goncourt Henri Barbusse - odume kunayo ibhaso French zoncwadi.

"Umlilo" - the main Roman Barbyusa

Kwisahluko sokuqala imveliso inoveli kuthelekiswa ne "Divine Comedy" yi wabe, enika zencwadi umlinganiswa enkondlo. Heroes "Umlilo," ngokungathi umngcelele evela ezulwini kwisangqa yokugqibela esihogweni. Kulo mzekelo, amanqaku zonqulo shwaka, kwaye imfazwe impiriyali ubonakala mandundu ngakumbi izinto ezininzi kwamnandi kakubani Umbhali. Incwadi ethi "The Last ngenyaniso yawo labanobungqwangangqwili", ngenxa kwinoveli Barbusse kwintshayelelo ukuya uhlelo lokuqala Russian of Mxim Gorky wabhala.

Uve abalinganiswa ingqiqo sele kubonakala kwi "Vision" kwisahluko sokuqala ngqa. Isixelela ibali i "iparadesi" yasemhlabeni kwiintaba Swiss. Akukho imfazwe, kunye nabantu abahlala apho, abameli beentlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo baye baqonda ukuba lilize kukududuzela zemfazwe.

efanayo Isiphelo eze kunye nabalinganiswa abaphambili yenoveli - amajoni. Kwisahluko sokugqibela, "Dawn" ukuba ndimvuse. Biography Barbyusa Anri izalana ngokusondeleyo kwiziganeko ezichazwe kwinoveli. Umyalezo wakhe - ukufika kunqandwa yenkitha kwiingcamango yotshintsho olululo. Lo ngunobangela oku inxaxheba phantse onke amazwe aseYurophu emfazweni impiriyali.

Le noveli ibhalwe ngohlobo "Diary of a webutho." Oku kuvumela umbhali ukwenza ibali ngendlela eziyiyo njengoko kunokwenzeka, elandela abalinganiswa, umfundi ngoko umlilo kumgca ngaphambili, xa besiza, xa angqingqwa edabini, xa webutho luya uhlaselo.

Barbus kunye October Revolution

October Revolution eRashiya Anri Barbyus bakuthabatha isiganeko kwimbali yehlabathi, ukuxhasa nje. Ngokwembono yakhe, oko kuya kuvumela zonke iintlanga aseYurophu wakhululwa kwidyokhwe yongxowankulu.

Ngeendlela ezininzi, ezi zimvo zazibonakala kwinoveli "Ingcaciso" ngo-1919. Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi wenguqu epheleleyo yobusoshiyali eRashiya, ilungu le-French Communist Party uba Anri Barbyus. Quotes umbhali, eyayinikelwe iziganeko ngaloo minyaka, babanga ukuba "ihlabathi - ukuba noxolo lwengqondo, evela kwezemisebenzi." Ngoko ke, umbhali yakholwa ngenene ukuba ukusebenza nzima ukuze kuxhamle yoluntu, abantu ukuphumeza ulonwabo kulo naliphi ilizwe.

Ekubeni Anri Barbyus waphila ubomi esebenzayo kwezentlalo nezopolitiko. Ngokukodwa, ngowe-1924, wathetha nxamnye iinkokeli ingcinezelo Tatarbunar mvukelo eRomania. Waza waqala i umlimi uphakamo exhobileyo eMzantsi Bassarabii ngokuchasene norhulumente, zixhaswa yi yamaBolshevik Party.

ukugxekwa capitalism

Iincwadi ngu Barbyusa Anri, uluhlu ezihlobeneyo senoveli "ekuKhanyeni enzonzobileni", "IManifesto abaziingqondi", epapashwe France kwi 20, azinikele ukugxeka yongxowankulu. Umbhali kwakhona abawazanga loo impucuko yongxowankulu, efuna kuphela yokuba apha ekuhambeni zokwakha yali kweli lizwe kunokwenzeka ekwakheni uluntu ngobunyulu nangobulungisa. Umzekelo Barbusse wathabatha iziganeko ezenzeka eSoviet Union, ingakumbi amanyathelo ekufuneka athathwe Iosifom Stalinym. Ngowe-1930 wada washiya isincoko sakhe 'Russian ", yaye emva kweminyaka emi-5, emva kokufa kwakhe, umsebenzi" Stalin. " Kule misebenzi, nje ezi zimvo ngokuthe vetshe. Nangona kunjalo, encwadini socialism kwilizwe ukuba kungekudala zavalwa, njengoko abalinganiswa ezininzi ekubhekiselwe kubo ngelo xesha sele zinganakwa.

"Stalin - i uLenin of namhlanje" - an aphorism ukuba yabhalwa ngu Barbusse.

Barbus e USSR

ESoviet Union Barbusse amaxesha 4, okokuqala ngqa ngo-1927. Septemba 20 okuqhubekayo umbhali French senziwe Hall of Columns e Moscow, kunye nengxelo "White Bawelwa ingozi imfazwe." Kulo nyaka mnye wayenza yonke uhambo ekwakheni lorhulumente wenkqubo yobuSoshali, watyelela eKharkov, Tbilisi, Batumi, Rostov-on-Don kunye Baku.

Ngowe-1932, Barbusse ukuza eSoviet Union sele njengomnye abaququzeleli ngamazwe anti-imfazwe Congress, yabanjwa ngoAgasti e Amsterdam. Phezu kwalo, yena wamnikela intetho yakhe edumileyo "Mna nimmangalele".

ekuhambeleni kwakhe kungqamane unyulo ilungu yekhethelo USSR Academy of Sciences. Emva ukuba wakhawulwa uqalile umsebenzi kwi incwadi Stalin. NgoJulayi 1935, wokugqibela Barbusse watyelela eMoscow, ngokubonakalayo wasebenza encwadini, wafunda amaxwebhu, yokuhlangana nabahlobo kunye namaqabane ka Lenin. Noko ke, ukuba ukugqibezela lo msebenzi ayiphumelelanga.

Barbus ngesiquphe wagula ne pneumonia waza wafa eMoscow ngoAgasti 30, 1935. Emva kweentsuku 3, umzimba lwaqhutywa eFransi kwisikhululo sikaloliwe Belarus, intlanganiso ndlelantle.

Umbhali wangcwatyelwa odumileyo Pere Lachaise emangcwabeni Paris nge-7 Septemba. Uvalelisa Barbousse wajika waba umboniso wezopolitiko le United Popular Front.