Gilbert Chesterton. umbhali creative

Ngowe-2003, phantsi kwesihloko "Indoda kunye Golden Key" yapapashwa ngobomi Gilbert Chesterton. Kule ncwadi, walibona umbhali impikiswano, uthi yena yeenkolelo zakhe. Kodwa ke nantoni na uzuko kwi Chesterton elidlulileyo, nantoni nokubhala okanye isidenge - esiva ubunzima ukusuka ngoku. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba siphatha kwizigqibo bakhe kunye nengcebiso, enye into ebalulekileyo - kunzima ukuba ukuyithanda kunye nalowo ngokwenene abantu ukhathazekile ngazo yaye wayefuna ukubanceda.

curriculum vitae

Umbhali IsiNgesi GK Chesterton Gilbert Keith wazalwa ngo-1874 e-London. Uyise waba arhente real estate. Usapho wayenabantwana abathathu, kodwa wafa udade Gilbert xa wayeneminyaka emibini ubudala. Esebenzisa uMzalwana uCecil I wazalwa kwiminyaka emithathu. UYise wabhala lemifanekiso, oqingqiweyo, wabhala iincwadi abantwana babo munye ezabo.

Ngowe-1881, Gilbert Kit Chesterton waya kwisikolo-PrEP, yaye ngowe-1887 ababhalise e St. uPawulos. On the enye kubhaliwe azakubalulwa kukuba kwiziko of London, kunye nabafundi usahlala ekhaya. Ukuze baqhubeke nemfundo yabo kwiYunivesithi Chesterton lukhuni, ngoko ke ngandlel 'wafunda, ndafumana khona ukuvumelana - waya kuphela izifundo ngoncwadi IsiNgesi kwiYunivesithi yase London. Kunjalo, Gilbert rhoqo babefunda kwisikolo yokudweba. Wayefuna ukuba wayengumzobi, kodwa kungekudala bamshiya ukupeyinta. Waba nomdlandla uncwadi.

Umbhali Gilbert Kit Chesterton akazange ngempazamo, njengoko wabhala besebancinane. Career kule intsimi, waqala kwi eko endlwini epapasha "Bukmen" ngombhali, ngoko bafudukela "T. Publisher Fisher Unwin. " Gilbert uthi ngale ncwadi yaba zaqaqamba kangangokuba kwaqatshelwa ngezangqa boncwadi.

Chesterton wanceda apapashe izincoko yokuqala kunye nemibongo. Bona ezinomdla Kipling kunye Shaw, kamsinya nje ngegama lakhe uvele ayisashicilelwa. Kulo nyaka, Chesterton waziwa, yaye kamva iminyaka emihlanu waba ngomnye wababhali IsiNgesi kakhulu. Njengoko umbhali, Gilbert waba ezininzi kunene. Wabhala ngaphezu kwekhulu imisebenzi imiqulu.

Izincoko kunye namanqaku Chesterton akunakwenzeka ukuba babale, kuphela "Illustrated London News" kubo malunga 1600, waza wapapasha kuphela apho. Chesterton dumile zonke iintlobo. Gilbert Chesterton wabhala iincwadi ezisixhenxe yesihobe, iibhayografi kweenoveli ezilishumi, ezintandathu elinanye, ingqokelela namabali amafutshane.

Chesterton wafa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo ngowe-1936.

Yintoni uphawu imisebenzi yakhe?

Chesterton iingcamango babeye imilo ngamazwi kunye ome. Xa intliziyo bobuchule yombhali kuba nethemba lobomi, ngokusekelwe ukholo ngokupheleleyo kuThixo ingqondo. Chesterton kaThixo indida njenge Umbhali akanguye ingxaki ezikhona, kunye lula yayo.

Inkoliso yemisebenzi yakhe buqu zibhalwa kungekhona ngumbhali kunye umphandi yomntu yaye umsebenzi wababhali, kodwa umfundi-Chesterton. Biography njengoko Isuka ecaleni kwendlela, yaye umsebenzi kwezi ababhali ukuba Chesterton ithuba iingxoxo kwimixholo kwezopolitiko, ubugcisa, inkolo.

Yile indibanisela iintlobo journalistic kwaye ombambazelayo a iibhayografi isimbo yokuluka ezikhethekileyo Chesterton. Yintoni eyenza ukuba enomtsalane ukuba abafundi njengoko umbhali ukusungulwa imbonakalo ukhangela echanekileyo nezivakalayo. Akanakusuke ebhalwe Chesterton "uCharles Dickens" ithathwa njengenye imisebenzi ngeyona ndlela umbhali enkulu.

Njengoko umthetho, ngemisebenzi ababhali ezininzi ngokunxulumene nayo nayiphi na iziganeko ebomini babo kuza indawo wumbe. Awukwazi malunga Chesterton. Le, indoda elungileyo-natured aneziphiwo, wayebalasele ngabathile "zobuntwana". Gilbert Chesterton wajonga elimiweyo ummangaliso - uncoma kunye yethusayo. Kwaye ke sengqondo kwabo ngeenxa kwakhe efanayo.

Ukufunda ibali lobomi bakhe, kubonakala ukuba ubomi bakhe bonke, nabantwana, baba mafu esibhakabhakeni. Sekunjalo, kukho iziganeko ezibini ekhumbulekayo ukuba ngandlel 'nempembelelo umsebenzi wakhe.

Eyokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umbhali - oku umtshato wakhe uFrances kwi blogs-1901. Chesterton iye Ndandithandana elide intombazana, kodwa ongayi kunikwa ngemini yomtshato. Oku kubangelwa, mhlawumbi, ukuba ukuthingaza oomama ukubona uFrancis Gilbert intombi yakhe. I elide-elindelwe wonwabile ngokuya imini entsha, uze evela Chesterton amanqaku kunye nezincoko kumaphephandaba ubuyeleyo imisebenzi ngaphezulu kakhulu. Waqalisa ukubhala fiction - amabali amafutshane kunye neenoveli.

Isiganeko sesibini, nto leyo eyabangela umsebenzi wakhe, waba kude bonwabile. Ngowe-1914, umbhali Chesterton Gilbert wayegula kakhulu iinyanga eziliqela, umbhali ukwimeko zingqondweni. Emva kwale Outlook Chesterton watshintsha ukuba lukhulu kuyo imisebenzi yakhe. Ngokuba imisebenzi yalo zeephiriyodi luphawulwa imixholo zenkolo. izimvo Chesterton baye bafumana ubunzulu nokukhanya.

nobuciko Chesterton

Gilbert Chesterton umsebenzi zoncwadi kwaqala imibongo. Kodwa Inxalenye yokuqala yemibongo "ukudlala endala" akukhange impumelelo. Ingqokelela yesibini "Wild Knight", nangona yabalasela Kipling, naye waya zifihlakele. Kakhulu ngempumelelo nangakumbi ziyahlelwa ngokuqokelela izincoko.

Incwadi yokuqala "Defender" yayiyilwe zezincoko, epapashwe kwi "USomlomo" yaye "Daily News." Omabini la maphephandaba yayeka iileta ezivela kubafundi, kunye namanqaku kwafuneka ukuba ukupapasha uhlelo eyahlukileyo. Xa yapapashwa ingqokelela yesibini, kuze kuzukiswe umbhali GK Chesterton siye sakuqhela.

Ethandwa kakhulu zakhutshwa oonondaba ngowe-1905, "ngabaqhekeki", epapashwe ngowe-1908 yingqokelela "Kuba konke oko," yaye yapapashwa ekuqaleni isincoko 1912, "iintlobo Zazilishumi elinazibini."

Ukongeza iibhayografi, epapashwe ekwimo ncwadi, Gilbert Chesterton wabhala intlaninge izincoko buqu. Ingqokelela yokuqala "portraits elinambini" luquka izincoko kwi iimbongi, amagcisa, amanani zembali, umbhali. Incwadi zomntu kanye ekwakusenziwa Chesterton: "Robert Browning", epapashwe ngowe-1903, 'uCharles Dickens ", ukupapasha ezinye izincoko ukususela 1906 ukuya 1909, yaye emva koko yapapashwa nokuqokelelwa enye. Wabhala imisebenzi emikhulu Bernard Shaw uWilliam Blake, ka R. eStevenson, ogama isebenza Chesterton ukubuye uphinde amaxesha amaninzi.

Chesterton imisebenzi zembali iquka iimveliso ezimbini - "A Mfutshane History of England 'kunye' angekho of England," vesi umbongo "I ballad of the White Horse" kunye nezincoko malunga namashumi amabini. Apha oko kunto-nye njengokuba abathile, yaba yothando oyinyaniso. Omnye umbhali esikolweni wothusa wonke kunye ukuvuthwa yokusebenza zembali. Kule misebenzi, waba nako ukufaka kwikhompyutha umongo iziganeko zembali kwaye bazipase kunye nangokuvulelekileyo yakhe eqhelekileyo esomeleleyo olwenze Gilbert Chesterton.

Iincwadi kwimixholo zonqulo, ukususela lusiba lo mntu omkhulu, ziphakamisa imibuzo kunye neengxaki, siyayiqonda ukuba abaphulaphuli abaninzi. Bathi kuye kwatsala ingqalelo yabefundisi. Izincoko "yenkolelo" yapapashwa ngo-1908. Othi "St Francis waseAssisi", ngowe-1923, bamdumisa Pope. Ngowe-1925, Chesterton wabhala ama kumxholo othi ngezakwaLizwi of "Man ongunaPhakade". G. Greene, umbhali IsiNgesi, wachaza lo msebenzi "enye yeencwadi kakhulu kwinkulungwane."

Chesterton novel abangabakhe:

• "UNapoleon of Notting Hill," epapashwe ngo-1904.
• "Indoda Wayengubani ngoLwesine", kwakhululwa print ngo-1908.
• "Ibhola and Cross", yashicilelwa ngowe-1910.
• "Abantu Alive", yakhululwa ngowe-1912.
• "Yokucima ezifudukayo," epapashwe ngo-1914.
• yapapashwa ngo-1927, "The Return of Don Quixote" kunye nabanye.

ngabacuphi Chesterton

Kodwa imisebenzi uthandwayo amabali Chesterton kaThixo waba ngumfundisi weCawa yamaKatolika ngubani na onobuchule Sherlock Holmes zolwaphulo ehlukene:

• Incwadi yokuqala "Ukungazi kaBawo Brown," yapapashwa ngowe-1911.
• incwadi yesibini, "Ubulumko kaBawo Brown" yapapashwa ngowe-1914.
• "Ngeziganeko kaBawo Brown" yapapashwa print ngo-1926.
• "Imfihlelo bukaYise Brown," epapashwe ngo-1927.
• Incwadi yokugqibela, "Isiganeko ihlazo lokulala noBawo Brown" yapapashwa ngo-1935.

Lwendaba of umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala kunye ezizodwa. Bona abhalwe yabeka-umva kunye nesimbo komKristu. Ukongeza, ukuthenga into yokuba ophambili komjikelo - ngumfundisi weCawa yamaKatolika, isixhobo ogama main logic. Wayeneziphiwo nabathobekileyo ngexesha elifanayo uYise Brown unravels amabali Amazing kakhulu.

igalelo Chesterton ukuba uhlobo zokucupha yaba nabagxeki otsenon kakhulu and readers. Amabali ngoBawo Brown ke kufanele, ithathwa njenge ezaziwa uhlobo. ibali yokonwabisa yamabali malunga umbingeleli yamaKatolika zincedisana ngokugqibeleleyo isimbo aphoristic, uburharha kunye nolwazi olunzulu lwe yobuntu. Chesterton waba usihlalo yokuqala "Club ngababhali zokucupha," ngoko kule ndawo umbhali watshintsha A. Christie.