Uluhlu lwemveliso emitsha eRashiya. Ukuhlaziywa kwemveliso entsha yaseRashiya. Imveliso entsha eRashiya yeeproppylene ipayipi

Namhlanje, xa iRashiya iRussia ihlanganise ingqungquthela yezigwebo, ingqalelo enkulu ihlawulwa ukufaka indawo endaweni. Ngenxa yoko, amashishini amasha eRashiya ayavulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo nakwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo. Nguwuphi na amashishini kweli lizwe lethu elithandwa kakhulu namhlanje? Sinikeza uluhlu oluthile lwezinto ezifunyenwe kutshanje.

Ukuveliswa kwe-insulation kunye ne-basalt fiber

Kwiindawo zaseRostov ekuqaleni kukaJuni, ngo-2016 ukuqala kobugcisa bezityalo zenkampani "TechnoNikol" yenziwe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ukulungiswa kwayo kwagqitywa ngokoqobo kunyaka, nangona, iminyaka emithathu, imisebenzi yokuqalisa iqhutywe . Lo mveliso uvumelekile ukuvula imisebenzi engu-176. Isityalo esitsha siya kusebenza ngesiseko sobuchwephesha bokuvelisa ubugcisa beeyile, iimpawu zazo ezisetyenziswayo ngokutsha kwefuthe elitshiswayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Lo mveliso omtsha waseRashiya uza kuvelisa ngaphezu kweyigidi yerubic mitha yeemveliso ezigqityiweyo ngonyaka, ezingaphezu kwama-90 iintlobo zokutshabalalisa okutsha ngokutsha ngokusekelwe kwi-basalt. Esi sityalo siya kunika imarike yezixhobo zokwakha kunye nokuqhaqha kwamacwecwe kunye nophahla lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo, izindonga, isezantsi, izahlulo. Iimbambano ezivela kwi- wool yamatye zisetyenziselwa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zezolimo.

Ukucwangcisa isetyhefu yeswekile

Enye imveliso entsha eRashiya iya kubonakala kwingingqi yaseUlyanovsk. Bafuna ukucwangcisa i-beet ye-sugar beet. Kucwangciswe ukuba i-complex complex iya kuba yinkampani enamandla kunazo zonke kwilizwe apho isityalo se-beet sikhula kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwenkqubo. Iimarike zentengiso ziya kugxininisa ngokubanzi kwiRashiya, kodwa inxalenye yesiphumo iya kuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Kwixesha elizayo esi sityalo siza kuba yinxalenye enkulu ye-agro-industrial complex, apho izityalo zeoli kunye nezityalo ziya kukhula.

Iipolypropylene ipayipi

Imveliso entsha yeepolypropylene ipayipi eRashiya isungulwa kwisityalo "uPoliprom Kuznetsk". Iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo kwenza ukuba kubekho ukuvelisa iipayipi, ii-hoses, iingxelo, iifilimu, iigridi zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Imigca yezobuchwepheshe yenkampani ivumela ukuba kanye ukuvelisa uxinzelelo, iigobolondo, iimpompo zombhobho. I-Extruders nayo ikhutshwe apha, kuba idilesi yeetriji ze-nitrided zidibeneyo zisetyenziselwa.

Imveliso entsha yeepolypropylene ipayipi eRussia iyaqhutywa kwisityalo "TruboPlastMontazh". Le yoshishini elikhethekileyo, apho kungabikho iipayipi ezakhiwayo, kodwa kunye nokufakwa, okungeke kugwenywe xa kufaka iinkqubo zokufudumala kunye neenkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi. Uveliso lwenziwe kwimigca emine yombhobho, iimashishini ezilishumi ezithintekayo ze-thermoplastic. Ukongezelela, inkampani inokuthenga iipayipi ezigxininisiweyo kunye nemigodi yokuhambisa amanzi, ii-radiators, izixhobo zecoceko.

Ukuveliswa kweqhekeza

Kukho izityalo ezintsha zokuvelisa i-lime eRashiya. Ngoko, umzekelo, uKarachaevo-Cherkessia uceba ukuzalisekisa izityalo zotyalo-mali ngokukhawuleza, ngokugxininisa ekuvelweni kwemveliso kwi-plant ye-Khabez. Kucetywayo ukuba emva kokusungulwa kwezixhobo ezintsha kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamashishini, kuya kuvelisa ukuya kuma-48 000 amathani e-lime ngonyaka, kunye nokuveliswa komxube wokwakha omile kunye neebhodi ze-gypsum ziya kwenziwa. Ivelisa ishishini kunye nokuqeda shpaklevku, esetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwendawo.

Lo mveliso omtsha waseRashiya ujolise ukuvelisa iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-40 zemveliso yokwakha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba i-assortment yenkampani ihlala ikhula. Umgca ohlukileyo uya kuba ngumkhiqizo we-hydrated lime, esetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuveliswa kwenani leemveliso zokwakha. Okwangoku, i-market enkulu yiNorthern Caucasus kunye nemimandla esezantsi.

Ukwenziwa kweengubo

Namhlanje imboni yecwecwe ehlabathini lethu ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngaloo ndlela, umenzi waseRashiya ohamba phambili weengubo zamabhinqa uEli ukhulisa kakhulu intsimi yayo yomsebenzi. Baceba ukuvula indawo entsha yokuvelisa eRussia, kwiVolsk, apho iingubo ezingaphezulu kweingu-220,000 zengubo ziza kuveliswa ngonyaka. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba bekucetywayo ukudala eli shishini ngo-2014, kodwa ngenxa yentlekele, ixesha lokuqalisa ukuveliswa kwemveliso lihlehlisiwe. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, ifowuni yavulwa ngoMeyi 2016 kwisixeko saseVolsk, kwaye ngoku amandla okuvelisa kukaElis kwaba ngamashishini amane, enye ekhoyo, ngendlela, eBelarus.

Kukho umkhiqizo omtsha wee-overalls eRashiya. Ukuqaliswa kwamashishini kuchazwe ngento yokuba ukuvinjelwa kuthathwa ngokuthengwa kweemveliso ezifakwe kwi-shishini. Iqela leenkampani "Izambatho zaseRashiya" ziceba ukuvelisa unyaka ngamnye ukuya kwizigidi ezizigidi zezempi nabakhi. Ukuthunyelwa kokuqala kuya kukhutshwa ngo-2016, kwaye kunyaka ozayo kucetywayo ukunyusa kakhulu inkqubo yokuvelisa. Umzi uqobo uxhotyiswe kakuhle, okwenza kube lula ukuseka imigca emininzi yemveliso.

Inkampani iceba ukubonelela izicathulo kwiinkqubo zaseburhulumenteni kunye nemibutho yabucala eyenziwayo ekwakheni, kubandakanywa ukwakhiwa kwendlela, ukubeka iipilisi zeoli kunye negesi. Kuveliswe kwinkampani kunye neengqungquthela, kodwa kusekuncinci kugxininiswe kwiihlangu.

Ukuveliswa kweendwangu ezingavumelekanga

Ngo-Apreli 2016, isalathiso semveliso yengubo kunye nempahla yembatho yanda ngo-3.7% xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka odlulileyo. Waqala ukuvelisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha ekuveliseni iingubo ezingavuthiwe eRashiya. Ngoko, ishishini eliphambili lelizwe, LLC "i-Avgol-Ros" ifake umgca wesibini, amandla okuvelisa okuyi-10,000 toni ngonyaka. Kuza kube yimhla, inkampani ikhiqiza inani elikhulu le- nonwovens :

• "ISpanbond", "i-Avspan", "i-Avsoft", eyifumene nesicelo ngoqoqosho lwelizwe.
• Izinto eziphathekayo apho i-diapers zenzelwe abantwana kunye nabantu abadala, i-napkins, izixhobo ezikhuselayo zokukhusela.

Ukuveliswa kweemveliso zetsimbi

Ukuqaliswa kwezixhobo ezintsha zokuvelisa eRashiya kuqhutyelwa kwiindawo ezahlukileyo kakhulu. Ngoko, kwi-Krasnodar Territory, e-Belorechensky yesithili, isigaba sokuqala sityalo sele sivuliwe, esiza kuvelisa iimveliso zetsimbi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba i-Krasnodar Territory yindawo yokuqala eRussia, apho i-hardware iqalile ngayo. Ubuninzi beemveliso zetsimbi ezivela ezweni lethu zithunyelwa ukusuka e-China, eTaiwan, ezenza malunga ne-90% yeRussia imfuno. Ngako oko, isityalo esitsha siya kuvumela ukuba kwenziwe inyathelo ekwakheni indawo yokungenisa indawo. Kucetywayo ukuba ishishini liza kuvelisa i-screws ukuya kuma-330,000.

Ukuveliswa kwe-Asphalt

Uluhlu lwezityalo ezintsha eRashiya sele luzaliswe ngesityalo ekuveliseni umxube we-asphalt-konkrete, okhoyo eCrimea, eSimferopol. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba amandla kunye nomgangatho weemveliso ezivelisiweyo azange zifaniswe nale shishini. Isityalo siza kuvelisa iintlobo ezintlanu zomxube, kwaye yonke inkqubo iqhutyelwa kwizixhobo zobuchwepheshe zanamhlanje. Kucetywayo ukuba inkampani iya kunika umxube kwiimfuno zedolophu kunye nommandla wonke, kwaye oku kuya kunika ulwabiwo oluninzi olubileyo lwabiwo-mali olukhoyo.

Ifektri yokugqoka amalahle

Ekuhlaziyweni kwemveliso entsha yaseRussia, sinqume ukuquka isityalo sokushisa amalahle "Ingalinskaya", evulekile eYakutia. Ngokutsho kwezicwangciso, esi sikhungo soshishino siya kusebenza malunga nekhefu kwaye sikhiqize i-2 million tons yamalahle ngonyaka. Imveliso ixhotyiswe nge-85% yezixhobo zasekhaya, ubuchwepheshe bokutsha buya kusetyenziswa apha, obuya kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokuvelisa.

Izicwangciso zokwakha zivumela ukuhlaziywa kwemveliso ngokubonakala kwemigangatho emitsha, ubuchwepheshe, ngoko umbane uza kuphucula rhoqo, imigqa emitsha iya kuvulwa. Njengoko kuboniswe kwingingqi, inkampani inethemba elihle lokuba liziko lemveliso yelahle yamazwe ngokubanzi.

Ukuveliswa kocingo lwe-welding

Ukungenisa indawo endaweni yelizwe lethu elihle kakhulu kunokuthi unqobe ubunzima bezoqoqosho, kodwa ukuphuhlisa nokwenza utshintsho kwizoqoqosho lonke. Njengengxenye yenkqubo yokufaka indawo yokungenisa indawo, indawo entsha yokuvelisa ivuliwe kwiTyumen ngo-2016-isityalo se-wire welding. Umgangatho ophezulu wengubo ekhutshwe ngethusi ivumela ukufumana isondlo esicacileyo se-wire ngexesha lokususa, kunye nokuphalaza kukuncinci.

Ukusetyenziswa kweoli yegesi

Ngexesha lokuqhubekwa kweoli, kubalulekile nje ukucoca i-mineral and non-hydrocarbon components, kodwa kwakhona ukuwahlula ngamaqhekeza ngamafutha. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ioli kunye nemveliso yalo ilawulwa kwiimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko, eVolgograd, imveliso yavulwa, apho i-hydrocracking iya kwenziwa, oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa kweoli yegesi, eyinxalenye yeoli kunye nama-hydrocarboni ekubunjweni.

Indawo entsha yokuvelisa yakhiwa kwiminyaka emithathu nje. Kucetywayo ukuba ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 zeetoni zezinto ezivelisiweyo ziza kuqhutywa apha ngonyaka, eziza kwenza inkampani ibe yinto enkulu kunazo zonke ezweni lethu. Olu bunzima luza kuvelisa i-diesel fuel, i-petroli ye-gas, igesi echitshiweyo. Ukuze imveliso iqhutywe ngokucacileyo, i-hydrogen iya kukhutshwa kwisitolo esisodwa kunye nezenzo ze-sulphur elemental njenge-product-product: isicelo sayo siyimfuneko kwishishini likhemikhali yelizwe. Imiqulu kunye namanqanaba okucoca ioli kuya kuvumela i-Volgograd ishishini ukuba ithathe indawo yalo ndawo, kunye neRashiya-ukuthatha enye inye phambili ekuphuhliseni imboni yeoli.

Inkathazo ye-Mussel-oyster

Ezinye iintlobo zemveliso kuphela eza eRashiya. Ngokomzekelo, iCrimea ilungiselela ukubonelela ilizwe lethu ngama-oyster kunye ne-mussels. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, nangona kukho izigwebo, iCrimea iyaqhubeka nokungenisa iimveliso zayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Iingcali zeemarike zithi i-peninsula inamathuba amakhulu kakhulu kwintsimi yezolimo kunye ne-shishini, apho ukukhula okuzinzile kwemveliso kuye kwagcinwa iminyaka emininzi.

Ugxininiso ogqithiseleyo eCrimea kwi-fish processing - i-chum salmon, i-trout, i-herring, enokukhuphisana nemveliso yeNorway neChina. Kwaye umveliso onomdla kakhulu ngumfama wokwanda kwama-oyster. Iingcali zithi le shishini elikhangayo, ngokukodwa xa uvula i-complex full-complex here.

Ukuveliswa kweefayile ze-tableware ezingapheliyo

Kwindawo yaseBelgorod, ukuveliswa kwezitya ezingapheliyo "i-Borisovskaya ceramics" yasungulwa. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba inkampani isebenzisa into emitsha kule shishini - i-porcelain enomyinge, enezinga eliphezulu lemichiza kunye nokuzinza kwamafutha. Ukutya okucuthayo kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphezu kwama-1200 degrees, ngoko ke kunesimo esiphakamileyo samandla. Abameli beli shishini bathi akukho mveliso efanayo e-Russia. Ubunqwenelekayo kukuba umjikelezo wokwenza izitsha zifutshane, ngenxa yokuba iindleko zegesi ziyancitshiswa, kwaye ixesha kunye nemithombo yoluntu yancitshiswa. Okwangoku, isityalo sivelisa iintlobo ezi-300 zeesitya, kwaye ulwahlulo luya kwanda kuye kuxhomekeke kwimfuno yabathengi.

Ukuveliswa kwepakethe

Isityalo se-Kazan sepakethe yesimvu evuliwe eTatarstan. Apha siza kuvelisa iibhokisi ze-bhokisi ezinobumba ezenziwe nge-polypropylene, kunye ne-Russia eli shishini liya kuba ngumqhubi. Iimveliso zokuqala ziya kuthunyelwa ukupakishwa kwezichumisi ze-mineral, kwaye ukubonelela kwizityalo zesimenti zommandla zicwangciswe. Kucetywayo ukuba isityalo siya kuvelisa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-44 zezikhwama ze-polypropylene ngonyaka.

Ukuveliswa kwepakethe kuya kwenziwa yinkampani "Polygraph-Centre South". Ukupakishwa kwe-Flexible, iilebula, iimveliso zokupapasha ziya kukhutshwa apha. Inkampani inikeza uluhlu olupheleleyo lweenkonzo - ukususela ekuphuhlisweni koyilo ukuya kwimveliso kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngeziko.

Ukuveliswa kwezinto zokushisa ukushisa

Isityalo esitsha senkampani "TechnoNikol" savulwa ngoMeyi eRyazan. Eli shishini liza kuvelisa i-thermal polystycyururate ye-thermal insulation materials. Isityalo sinamandla amakhulu okuvelisa. Ngokuhambelana nabameli bakhe, le ntlangano ibe yindawo ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ishishini lokwakha, kunye nezoshishino zaseRashiya ngokupheleleyo.