Uluhlu iilwimi kweenkqubo. Iilwimi kwinqanaba elisezantsi kunye eliphezulu lokuprograma

Njengoko kuphuhliso ubugcisa kwikhompyutha eyayimi ngxi kwaye rhoqo nokuphucula iindlela kunye nobuchule lwenkqubo, yaye lwenkqubo iilwimi. Khawuve oko iilwimi ezi kukho kwicandelo computer mihla kunye ukuhlelwa kwazo.

Overview

Uluhlu iilwimi lwenkqubo mikhulu kakhulu kwaye zahlukene ukuba esizigubungeleyo ngokupheleleyo - umsebenzi phantse engenakwenzeka. Phakathi zonke iilwimi zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu eziphambili:

• (Iilwimi-kwinqanaba elisezantsi iinkqubo) kumatshini;
• umatshini-oriented (nabadibanisi);
• umatshini-ezizimeleyo (kwinqanaba eliphezulu);

Phakathi kubabhekisi phambili be software mihla zezona zinto zithandwa alandelayo iilwimi esisiseko kweenkqubo. Uluhlu kwehle ethandwayo:

1. SQL.
2. Java.
3. XML.
4. C ++.
5. HTML.
6. Basic Visual.
7. XSL.
8. Ugcino.

Olu luluhlu lweelwimi udweliso yi kude ukusuka ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ke iilwimi ezininzi ezithandwayo, ulwazi apho ingafuna wenkqubo umsebenzi. Bonke ekwinqanaba eliphezulu iilwimi kweenkqubo.

ezisisiNyanzeliso zokuhlela

inqanaba elisezantsi senkqubo - ezi ziilwimi ufuna ukuthatha ingqalelo uhlobo kanye amakhono kumqhubekekisi. Abaqhubi kunye neendlela ukusebenza loo iilwimi lwenkqubo zikufutshane ngokwaneleyo ikhowudi kumatshini, zifuna ulwazi imemori PC kunye kumqhubekekisi ajike kuye.

Kunzima ukuba ukubiza-kwinqanaba elisezantsi iilwimi ezahlukeneyo kweenkqubo. kunjalo uluhlu aya kuncitshiswa abe mnye komthombo ulwimi - i assembler. Ekubeni ivumela ukwenza iikhowudi lweenkqubo kwi ubhalo kufutshane ikhowudi umatshini, lo assembler mazisetyenziselwe kuphela qwaba ukubhala software inkqubo ezifana neendlela zokusebenza, abaqhubi isixhobo, kwaye iinkqubo kweekhowudi chip yolawulo.

Icala elisezantsi ezinjalo iilwimi kweenkqubo kukuba nanzo zibhaliwe kule program ukwenza imisebenzi ethile kwisixhobo esithile, nokubulawa yabo akwenzeki kwimeko transfer kwenye iprosesa.

Development isicelo

Uluhlu iilwimi zokuhlela ukudala izicelo nesiko kwakunye yophuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwe-software mkhuba amawaka izinto. Indlela ukuqonda iintlobo enjalo ngenxa yokuba ulwimi oluthile efanelekileyo zokusombulula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.

Nangona ezi lwimi lwenkqubo iyamiselwa kwiqela eyahlukileyo, ukuphunyezwa lwenzeka kwi khowudi kumatshini. Ukuqalisa umgca inkqubo ngolutya yaye ukulungele ukuba aguqulele ibe ikhowudi kumatshini usebenzisa isoftwe ezikhethekileyo - iitoliki. Ukuba ukuguqulelwa ikhowudi ukusuka kolunye ulwimi ukuya kolunye ikhutshwa phandle ngaphandle kokwenza amaqela, ngoko benza lo program abacwangcisi. Ngokubanzi, i ngeenkqqubo eziyilelwe ukuguqulela iinkqubo abhalwe ngolwimi olusesikweni lwenkqubo ukuya kwenye, ebizwa abaguquleli.

Qwalasela inqanaba eliphezulu iilwimi ezininzi kweenkqubo. Olu luhlu luza kuba nje ubhale iinkcukacha ezimbalwa malunga ngamnye athandwa kakhulu.

SQL

Specialised ulwimi lokuprograma yenzelwe ngokuyintloko ukuze zisetyenziswe kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ledatha kunye nokufakwa kweenkqubo. SQL bubonakala "okukhethekile ulwimi umbuzo." Ekubeni eminyaka yokugqibela imarike DBMS liye lakhula amaxesha amaninzi, ukuthandwa ulwimi nto ayimenzi abe bengalindelanga.

Kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo ngekamva ulwimi. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukholelwa ukuba ubuchwepheshe ngokuyila zonxulumelwano database kwaba nokuphakama, kodwa ixesha layo liyaphela. Imfuneko yophuhliso ngokunxulumene imiqulu ukwanda data ukuqhubekekiswa kukhokelela iingcali bakholelwa ukuba abantu bazalwa nje kuyimfuneko utshintsho ukusuka iteknoloji zonxulumelwano ukuya post-ezinobume kwixesha elizayo, kodwa ngombono wokulondoloza ukuhambelana kwiibhanki data ekhoyo.

Javascript

Ekunene i-kwinqanaba eliphezulu iilwimi yesibini ngobukhulu kweenkqubo. Easy ukufunda, kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukwanda kuthelekiswa eliphuma ukufaneleka kweenkqubo kukhokelela kukuba sebenza ngale ulwimi izigidi zabantu ehlabathini lonke. ulwimi lwento ebomini ngokusekelwe kwi C ++, malilungiselelwe indalo kweenkqubo kunye izicelo ingaphatha izixa kakhulu ngolwazi iindawo ezikhethekileyo nezifanele bume ukuphunyezwa ezithile ndigqibile imveliso.

Java Technology - sisiseko evumela izixa mda ukwandisa iinkampani izibonelelo iinkampani kudibanisa kunye inkqubo ukuvuleka kakhulu yahlukile kokuqhagamshelana network nge Wi-fi phones ukuba anamandla.

XML

A owayeyinzala HTML, obu bugcisa yi ulwimi lophawulo andisiweyo. Ku naphaya ukutolika amaxwebhu. Kuyo ukwenza amaxwebhu inguqu kunye notshintsho. XML esetyenziswa ukudlulisa ukugcina idata okwethutyana xa usebenza zolwazi ezahlukeneyo ezinobume kwi-Internet.

XML sele ifikelele kwinqanaba apho ibango ukuba esingundoqo neteknoloji womnatha lwamashishini.

Thina kwiprogram in Russian

Uninzi iilwimi ezithandwayo kweenkqubo sebenzisa isigama kolwimi IsiNgesi. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwezi, kukho kwakhona ziilwimi Russian kweenkqubo. Uluhlu lwe ezincinane Russian kunye kwisifundo apho asetyenziswa, oko ezizodwa kakhulu. Nantsi eminye imizekelo.

• 1C: Enterprise. Inkqubo yonke yenzelwe ulawulo umbutho kuzo zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi iintengiso kwi khangela abasebenzi ukuhlangabezana "1C Ndingumqondisi".
• Isenzo. IsiNgesi-language analog of Pascal.
• Robic. Specialised ulwimi lokuprograma eyenzelwe ukuze bafundise abantwana iziseko kweenkqubo.
• Nekrele. Eziguquguqukayo ochwetheziweyo ulwimi, ngokusekelwe iinkqubo.

Njengoko ubona, uluhlu lweelwimi yezilo kwaye zahlukene ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ugqume zonke iindidi zokuhlelwa nezintlu. Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze wokuprograma kwinqanaba engahlawulwayo okanye umsebenzi, ngoko khumbula ukuba wenkqubo - umsebenzi ngqangi kufuna nje ulwazi kuphela, kodwa iingcinga, ukuyila, intuition, nkqu kancinci luck.