Ulm Cathedral e Germany

Famous UMphathiswa waziwa kakhulu njengoko liphezulu ehlabathini. Kodwa yokuvelela lawo iphelele apho. Imbali yale yokwakha ibandakanya ukwakhiwa kwiinkulungwane eziliqela elide.

isimo Cathedral

Ephakathi Ulm Cathedral yasekwa ngo-1377. Kuye wakhawulwa njenge ibandla lobuKatolika, kodwa xa Europe waqalisa koHlaziyo, isakhiwo wegqitha waya amaLuthere. Ngokomthetho kugqitywa ngo-1382, xa isakhiwo yamiselwa. Ukususela ngelo xesha rhoqo kudlule inkonzo.

Ibandla ubizwa ngokuba yecawa, kodwa enyanisweni akunjalo. Le status inikwe sakhiwo, ukuba ngaba isihlalo ngubhishophu. Kodwa kwimeko umfundisi wasekuhlaleni Ulm uhlala Stuttgart. Le mpikiswano kumaXesha Aphakathi. Kunjalo UMphathiswa wababiza ngaloo ndlela ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu yaloo yona ezingqondweni.

Isizathu sokuba ukwakhiwa

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, lwakwakhiwa UMphathiswa, kuba ngaphakathi esixekweni ayisebenzi ibandla. Itempile kuphela ngaphandle iinqaba.

Oku kwakuthetha ukuba ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni abahlali ayikwazanga ukungena kulo ibandla. Kwiimeko ezinjalo bengengabo inqabile; ngokuba aphakathi Jamani iye belusoloko yemiboniso imfazwe. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1376 wathi yangqinga Ulm Czech Korol uKarl IV, ngelo xesha ke naye oyiNgcwele waseRoma uKhesare.

Ukuze siphephe iimeko ezinjalo, xa singqongwe ngabantu ababa sithandaze kwindawo elungileyo, waza wanyuselwa Ulm Cathedral eJamani. Ukongeza, abahlali basoloko ungquzulwano kunye woonongendi elikufutshane Raynehau. Ukuba ungowommandla ibandla, ibekwe kule dolophu.

Nangona yokuba Ulm ngenkulungwane XIV babehlala abantu kuphela amawaka alishumi, ukuba waququzelela iphulo ngempumelelo ukuze kunyuswe ingxowa-mali kulwakhiwo isonto entsha. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i tab kwenzeka ngo-1377.

kwisicwangciso sokuqala

Ekubeni ukwakhiwa into enkulu, kwagqitywa ukuliphumeza ngokwamanqanaba amabini. Umakhi yokuqala sonto Heinrich Parler. Yena waba yimbangi projekthi, njengoko leyo eyayicwangciselwe ukuba ukwakha icawa kunye neefeleni amabini afanayo, kwakunye iinqaba eziliqela. Kodwa Parler ikwazile ukwakha kuphela kumazantsi isakhiwo. Kwaba ecaleni Ulm Cathedral. Imbali zokwakha bayo ubude ezahlukeneyo kunye nokulibaziseka ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, kwiminyaka yokuqala 150 tabs kule ndlu yecawa indawo nabayili-6. Umntu walile ukwakha ngenxa ukuntsonkotha projekthi. Abanye baye nje wafa yokwaluphala, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba kugqitywe umsebenzi.

okumiselwe Complex le Cathedral

Ngenxa ukuba baguqukile labazobi zatshintsha isicwangciso kunye nesakhiwo yokuqala. Weza bubheke wesithathu. Kwakhona, kwinkulungwane XVI, kwagqitywa ukwakha inqaba ephakamileyo, apho wayeza kuba Tower yentsimbi. Yile inxalenye yecawa yeyona iphezulu, kufikelela kwiimitha 161.

Ukwakhiwa kwetempile kuthintele imfazwe yonqulo, leyo eyaqala eJamani kule mihla siphila kuyo. Abahlali abaninzi aneliseke yamaKatolika iCawa nemiyalelo yayo. Isaci ngezi mazwi yaba wezakwalizwi Martin Luther, igama lakhe lokugqibela ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yenye yezinto e kobuProtestanti. Impixano yajika iimfazwe liliphalaza igazi elimsulwa, edume leyo Mfazwe Yeminyaka Engamashumi (1618-1648.).

Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali kunye imeko kweli lizwe ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amathathu wahlala Minster engagqitywanga. Ukuphakama kwenye inqaba yayo ngenkulungwane XVI, ifikelele leemitha 100.

Ukuzaliswa

Okwesibini, isigaba sokugqibela sokwakha kwaqala ngo-1844. amanyathelo okuqinisa kweziseko ezixhasa sele zamkelwe. Zezihlalo engomelele ubuzaza lonke ulwakhiwo, kuba ukususela ekuqaleni azizange ziyilelwe ukuba umthwalo onjalo. Sekunjalo, umsebenzi wokulungiselela kuthwalelwa phandle ngempumelelo, kunye nokwakhiwa kwenqaba wasentshona kwaqala ngo-1880.

Ubukho kangangeminyaka elishumi. Ngowe-1890, i-spire liphezulu iye yafakwa emnqamlezweni, apho ngoku. Lo msitho lokomfuziselo kuphawula ukuphela zokwakha ixesha elide. Ngoko elimiswe Minster. Architecture wesakhiwo bobabo ukuya style zwe. Waya ibandla ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi xa zobugcisa efanayo eziqhelekileyo eNtshona Yurophu. Kwinkulungwane XIX ibiyimini rudiment, kodwa ke kuphela kuye kwanceda le Cathedral ukuzuza endleleni yabo elaziwayo kwihlabathi.

Ngowe-1890, iJamani iye simanywe ngeenxa ubukumkani Prussia. Ukufunyanwa kwicawa enkulu sele iholide kazwelonke. Ulm Cathedral, ukuxelwa leyo kuzo zonke ncwadi eJamani, kwaye ngoku ndawo awayesibawela kubakhenkethi.

iimpawu Cathedral

Phambi kokuba ifakelwe izitulo kunye nezinye izinto zala mazwe, ulwakhiwo ukuhlalisa abantu malunga namawaka amabini. ubude Cathedral - 123 eemitha, ububanzi - 49 leemitha. Isakhiwo siquka ipakishwe mathathu: elinye kumbindi ezimbini lateral. Inxalenye zendlu yetempile, kukho ukuphakama kuyimitha 41. zezihlalo icala ezimbini kabini ngezantsi.

La magcisa unoxanduva umhombiso isonto, wamshiya ngasemva Imizobo emininzi ngemixholo yeBhayibhile. Ukubunjwa engundoqo a isigcawu kokusekwa kwehlabathi. Kukho kwakhona abalawulwa yeVangeli, umz, isiva.

Columns, ezithi zonke ukwakhiwa isiseko, yaye ezihonjiswe imikrolo bapostile abangcwele. Kukho zezihlalo ngaphakathi eqingqiweyo ezahlukeneyo. ingqalelo jikelele kwiindwendwe umdla isifanekiso kaKristu, eyasekwa emva kwinkulungwane XV.

Ngoko, kwi UMphathiswa united iinzame yezizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Kukho ubungqina kunye amangcwaba zaphawula ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka Ages Aphakathi kude kube ngoku.