Ukuzoba izincedisi: Izixhobo kunye nezinto

ezahlukeneyo izixhobo zokuzoba ingasetyenziswa xa lisenza imisebenzi graphic. Iintlobo izixhobo ezinjalo, baninzi, kwakunye nezinto ngenjongo efanayo. Abantu abaninzi, bubunjani imisebenzi yayo ngaphakathi ukwenza imizobo ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa yemida yomzobo. Ngoko ke isethi izixhobo ukuzoba, zipakishwe kwityala ekhethekileyo. Imarike yanamhlanje kukho izixhobo zokuzoba yenzelwe ukwenza iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi graphic nezahlukileyo inyanda ukungalingani.

Kodwa, ke, unako ukuthenga kunye nezixhobo umzobo yesiqhelo xa oyifunayo. EMoscow, eSt Petersburg kunye neminye imizi yelizwe - yonke unako ukuthenga ezi zixhobo ezithandwayo kunye luncedo. Kamva kweli nqaku siza baqonde ngokweenkcukacha noko izixhobo ukuzoba kunye nezinto ezikhoyo emarikeni namhlanje.

Iintlobo izinto ezisetyenziselwa imisebenzi graphic

Imizobo ngokwabo, kwiimeko ezininzi isicelo iphepha. Ukwenza olu hlobo yemizobo kusetyenziswa kwibanga yalo ekhethekileyo. Ukongeza iphepha, abayili kunye iinjineli basebenzisa ezi zixhobo ukuzoba kunye izincedisi, ezifana:

• ipensile ne ipensile elula omnyama;

• awafake;

• imigca ubude ezahlukeneyo;

• izikwere;

• protractors;

• ngekompas ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo;

• iipateni.

Amaxesha amaninzi sokuzoba iphepha nokubekwa phezu kwebhodi okhethekileyo. Ezi ziyakuvumela ngomsebenzi yemizobo lula esiphezulu.

Yintoni Paper

ngokuqhelekileyo ekhethiweyo iphepha elimhlophe kwizinga eliphezulu ukwenza imizobo. Oku kunokuba ukhetho enombhalo "O" okanye "B". Iphepha "On" (rhoqo) iyafumaneka iintlobo ezimbini: elula phambili. Le ndlela yokugqibela onokuxinana ephakamileyo, nobulukhuni ezahlukeneyo. iphepha kwizinga eliphezulu efanelekileyo yokwenza zemizobo "B" okuhle. It has a umbala omhlophe ecocekileyo, behanahanisa ezahlukeneyo okanye "shaggy 'xa usebenzisa i yokucima. Ukuze kulahlula kwezinye iintlobo wabheka phezulu ukuya ukukhanya. On iphepha abavelisi basebenzisa watermark. Ukongeza iphepha elimhlophe, iphepha lokuzoba kunye nephepha kwakhona igrafu enokusetyenziswa ukwenza imizobo.

iibhodi Special

izinto Ukuzoba inokusetyenziswa iinjineli kunye nabayili, eyahlukileyo kangaka. Ibhodi ekwenzeni imizobo zobungcali - lophawu kwiimeko ezininzi enyanzelekileyo. Esi sixhobo yenziwa sapling (umzekelo, alder). It isikakhulu ijoliswe lula ukwakhiwa imizobo. Esi sixhobo okanye iphinda ndawonye zibe abasuke ekupheleni iipleyiti omnye web zibambene nayo. Ubude, ububanzi kunye ubukhulu lebhodi ukuba umzobo zinokuba nomahluko.

iipensile

Oku mhlawumbi isixhobo esingundoqo esisetyenziswe xa esenza umsebenzi ukuzoba. Iipensile, bathathu nje kuphela iintlobo ezisisiseko:

• Solid. Le ngobuwena ephawulwe ileta "T" kwaye isetyenziswa, enyanisweni, ukwenza imizobo.

• yobulukhuni Medium. Izixhobo ezi zilwanyana zidla ziyaphawulwa ngokuzibhala oonobumba "into". Basebenzisa ukuba koswazi kwinqanaba lokugqibela kumzobo.

• Soft. Ezi iipensile osetyenziselwa ukuzoba kuphela. "M" ziphawulwe ileta.

Ngaphandle ipenisile ukwenza imizobo kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka usebenzise i-inki. Oku kwaveza yentsha. Abayili kunye iinjineli basoloko besebenzisa i-inki emnyama, nangona umbala kunokuba ezahlukeneyo. Njengesixhobo ukusebenza, kulo mzekelo, uboya ezizodwa.

rubber

izincedisi Esebenzisa le ntlobo zisetyenziswa ukususa imigca eyenziwa ngokungachanekanga okanye abangabancedani. Xa imizobo zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ezimbini iintlobo Iirabha: eyenzelwe ukususa ipensile kwaye kuqhutywa nge izidumbu emgceni. Lwalo lokuqala luphawulwa ngokusebenzisa ukuthamba kwaye aluchaphazeli umaleko iphepha ngokususa kuphela ipensile. Iirabha for mascara ziqulathe ongeziweyo ngqwabalala kwaye ufake sanded iphepha.

abalawuli

Le ezahlukeneyo izixhobo zokuzoba zingenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Amaninzi, bantu babe ziinkuni, ngesinyithi okanye iplastiki. Le ndlela yokugqibela ingqalelo ukwenza imizobo ezininzi ezifanelekileyo. iplastiki umlawuli transparent elifutshane, ezifana neepensile, - engundoqo injineli isixhobo yokusebenza okanye umyili.

Ngaphambi usebenzisa umgca olutsha ngetsheki mandatory yokulunga. Ukulungiselela le njongo ibekwe kwi ephepheni uze ukrwele umgca. Okulandelayo, Ndisibuyisele phezu komgca ukuya kwelinye icala aze achithe omnye feature. Ukuba imigca yokuqala neyesibini ephepheni ungqamane, ngoko umgca entle kwaye zingasetyenziswa kulo msebenzi.

Kukho ezinye izincedisi zokuzoba ukuba webhodi kancinci iinguqulelo ezahlukileyo - i T-isikwere. Ezi zixhobo ziquka zizahlulo ezithathu eziphambili: umgca nemivalo ezimbini mfutshane. Enye ezizibeni ubeka uqhagamshele kumlawuli, kwaye yesibini sinokujikeleziswa ngokuphathelele kulo nangayiphina i-engile. Ukulungisa omnye imivalo ekupheleni ebhodini, ngoncedo i T-isikwere kube lula imigca parallel tyaba okanye oxwesileyo wenziwe.

ngekompas

Ilayini xa imisebenzi graphic zisetyenziselwa ukuzoba imigca ethe ngqo. Le ikhampasi osetyenziselwa ukuzoba izangqa. Iintlobo ezinjalo izixhobo, kukho ezininzi:

• Ukulinganisa ngekompas. Zombini imilenze kuphela kwizixhobo ezinjalo naliti. ngekompas Used ezi zilwanyana kakhulu ukulinganisa ziingceba.

• Ngekompas "I bebhokhwe Unyawo". Loo isixhobo uye ngomlenze omnye kuphela ngenaliti. Inxalenye kwesibini umsesane ekhethekileyo ngokubanzi phantsi ipensile.

• ngekompas Amacebo eqhelekileyo. Ngomhla omnye umlenze izixhobo ezinjalo sele ngenaliti ifakiwe ekupheleni komnye yentonga mifanekiso.

Kukho neentlobo akhethekileyo ngekompas. Umzekelo, umbele iqhosha encinane kwaye zingasetyenziswa ukuba ukrwele izangqa concentric. Ngamanye amaxesha iinjineli kunye noochwephetsha nako kusetyenziswa calipers. Esi sixhobo Kulula kakhulu ukuba bazobe isangqa of omncinci (0.5-8 mm).

izikwere

izixhobo zokuzoba yale hlobo ngokufuthi isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa engile. Kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela eziphambili engile asetyenziswe ekwenzeni imizobo: 45:90:45 no 60:90:30. Ngenxa umlawuli, izixhobo enjalo ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Elula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa zithathwa seplastikhi esitransparenti.

protractors

Esi sesinye isixhobo efunekayo xa kudalwa imizobo. Protractors zisetyenziswa ikakhulu xa besitya ziyilelwe ukuba kube lula umsebenzi. Kunye nesicelo sabo kulula kakhulu ukuba uhlela engile. Protractors ezi semi-setyhula kunye setyhula. Xa ulungiselela Imizobo ngobuwena lokuqala isetyenziswa rhoqo. Kukho kwakhona protractors ezikhethekileyo geodesic. Ukuze kuveliswe iimephu ngesimo ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa eyongeziweyo lobeko lwe KT-B.

iipateni

Ngamanye amaxesha ukwenza amagophe kumzobo kusetyenziswa ikhampasi kuphela akunakwenzeka. Kulo mzekelo, zibanjwa amanqaku ngesandla. iiphatheni - nezeStrowuku ziya kufumana ezigoso izixhobo ezizodwa ezisetyenziswayo. Zinjani ukuze ezahlukeneyo. Wathatha izixhobo zokuzoba yale hlobo kufuneka libe kwinqanaba elenza ukuba emphethweni lwabo kangangoko zihambisana kunokwenzeka kunye imilo wezintlu ukuba ufuna ukuzoba.

Kwimeko izixhobo zokuzoba

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, le iinjineli kunye nabayili ovame iikhithi esele zenziwe. Yiyiphi ezibekwe ngayo izinto zokuzoba ibandakanya ukuzoba izixhobo, bungabonakala imibala yawo. Abo benza imizobo kwinqanaba lobungcali, yabelana isethi yonke. Abalawuli ziyaphawulwa ngokuzibhala ileta "Y". Ukongeza iseti umgangatho, equka ikhampasi, umlawuli, neprotrektha kunye ipensile, iquka mascara nesilungiselelwe ukusebenza kunye nezixhobo zakhe.

izixhobo zokuzoba Simple abakhoisa ukufumana abafundi ukuzoba izifundo. Ephawulwe ileta iiseti ezinjalo "W". Kukho kwakhona ayasilawula ezinjalo: uyilo ( "K"), uyilo amancinane ( "KM") kunye enkulu ( "KB").

Ngenxa yoko, sifunyanwa, ziziphi izinto zokwakha, izinto, izixhobo zokuzoba esetyenziswa ukwenza imizobo. Ngaphandle ngekompas, iirula, iipensile kunye iirabha ukwenza imizobo oluchanekileyo kunye nezintsonkothileyo akusebenzi. Kwaye ngoko ke ezi zixhobo, Kakade ke, baya kusoloko kuba befuna.